tests/test-issue1877.t

store: implement fncache basic path encoding in C

(This is not yet enabled; it will be turned on in a followup patch.)

The path encoding performed by fncache is complex and (perhaps
surprisingly) slow enough to negatively affect the overall performance
of Mercurial.

For a short path (< 120 bytes), the Python code can be reduced to a fairly
tractable state machine that either determines that nothing needs to be
done in a single pass, or performs the encoding in a second pass.

For longer paths, we avoid the more complicated hashed encoding scheme
for now, and fall back to Python.

Raw performance: I measured in a repo containing 150,000 files in its tip
manifest, with a median path name length of 57 bytes, and 95th percentile
of 96 bytes.

In this repo, the Python code takes 3.1 seconds to encode all path
names, while the hybrid C-and-Python code (called from Python) takes
0.21 seconds, for a speedup of about 14.

Across several other large repositories, I've measured the speedup from
the C code at between 26x and 40x.

For path names above 120 bytes where we must fall back to Python for
hashed encoding, the speedup is about 1.7x.  Thus absolute performance
will depend strongly on the characteristics of a particular repository.

http://mercurial.selenic.com/bts/issue1877

  $ hg init a
  $ cd a
  $ echo a > a
  $ hg add a
  $ hg ci -m 'a'
  $ echo b > a
  $ hg ci -m'b'
  $ hg up 0
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ hg book main
  $ hg book
   * main                      0:cb9a9f314b8b
  $ echo c > c
  $ hg add c
  $ hg ci -m'c'
  created new head
  $ hg book
   * main                      2:d36c0562f908
  $ hg heads
  changeset:   2:d36c0562f908
  bookmark:    main
  tag:         tip
  parent:      0:cb9a9f314b8b
  user:        test
  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  summary:     c
  
  changeset:   1:1e6c11564562
  user:        test
  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  summary:     b
  
  $ hg up 1e6c11564562
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 1 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ hg merge main
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  (branch merge, don't forget to commit)
  $ hg book
     main                      2:d36c0562f908
  $ hg ci -m'merge'
  $ hg book
     main                      2:d36c0562f908

  $ cd ..