help: apply the section headings from revsets to filesets
This has the nice property of visually breaking up the wall of text. It also
allows specific smaller sections to be called out. For example,
`hg help filesets.predicates` now prints just the predicate section. At the
moment, the revset headings are a superset of the fileset headings, so there is
consistency in how example, predicate and operator help is called out.
The reference to `hg help patterns` was moved to the overview section, so that
it isn't stuck in the examples section.
Mercurial supports a functional language for selecting a set of
files.
Like other file patterns, this pattern type is indicated by a prefix,
'set:'. The language supports a number of predicates which are joined
by infix operators. Parenthesis can be used for grouping.
Identifiers such as filenames or patterns must be quoted with single
or double quotes if they contain characters outside of
``[.*{}[]?/\_a-zA-Z0-9\x80-\xff]`` or if they match one of the
predefined predicates. This generally applies to file patterns other
than globs and arguments for predicates.
Special characters can be used in quoted identifiers by escaping them,
e.g., ``\n`` is interpreted as a newline. To prevent them from being
interpreted, strings can be prefixed with ``r``, e.g. ``r'...'``.
See also :hg:`help patterns`.
Prefix
======
There is a single prefix operator:
``not x``
Files not in x. Short form is ``! x``.
Infix
=====
These are the supported infix operators:
``x and y``
The intersection of files in x and y. Short form is ``x & y``.
``x or y``
The union of files in x and y. There are two alternative short
forms: ``x | y`` and ``x + y``.
``x - y``
Files in x but not in y.
Predicates
==========
The following predicates are supported:
.. predicatesmarker
Examples
========
Some sample queries:
- Show status of files that appear to be binary in the working directory::
hg status -A "set:binary()"
- Forget files that are in .hgignore but are already tracked::
hg forget "set:hgignore() and not ignored()"
- Find text files that contain a string::
hg files "set:grep(magic) and not binary()"
- Find C files in a non-standard encoding::
hg files "set:**.c and not encoding('UTF-8')"
- Revert copies of large binary files::
hg revert "set:copied() and binary() and size('>1M')"
- Remove files listed in foo.lst that contain the letter a or b::
hg remove "set: 'listfile:foo.lst' and (**a* or **b*)"