hgext/censor.py

cborutil: implement sans I/O decoder

The vendored CBOR package decodes by calling read(n) on an object.
There are a number of disadvantages to this:

* Uses blocking I/O. If sufficient data is not available, the decoder
  will hang until it is.
* No support for partial reads. If the read(n) returns less data than
  requested, the decoder raises an error.
* Requires the use of a file like object. If the original data is in
  say a buffer, we need to "cast" it to e.g. a BytesIO to appease the
  decoder.

In addition, the vendored CBOR decoder doesn't provide flexibility
that we desire. Specifically:

* It buffers indefinite length bytestrings instead of streaming them.
* It doesn't allow limiting the set of types that can be decoded. This
  property is useful when implementing a "hardened" decoder that is
  less susceptible to abusive input.
* It doesn't provide sufficient "hook points" and introspection to
  institute checks around behavior. These are useful for implementing
  a "hardened" decoder.

This all adds up to a reasonable set of justifications for writing our
own decoder.

So, this commit implements our own CBOR decoder.

At the heart of the decoder is a function that decodes a single "item"
from a buffer. This item can be a complete simple value or a special
value, such as "start of array." Using this function, we can build a
decoder that effectively iterates over the stream of decoded items and
builds up higher-level values, such as arrays, maps, sets, and indefinite
length bytestrings. And we can do this without performing I/O in the
decoder itself.

The core of the sans I/O decoder will probably not be used directly.
Instead, it is expected that we'll build utility functions for invoking
the decoder given specific input types. This will allow extreme
flexibility in how data is delivered to the decoder.

I'm pretty happy with the state of the decoder modulo the TODO items
to track wanted features to help with a "hardened" decoder. The one
thing I could be convinced to change is the handling of semantic tags.
Since we only support a single semantic tag (sets), I thought it would
be easier to handle them inline in decodeitem(). This is simpler now.
But if we add support for other semantic tags, it will likely be easier
to move semantic tag handling outside of decodeitem(). But, properly
supporting semantic tags opens up a whole can of worms, as many
semantic tags imply new types. I'm optimistic we won't need these in
Mercurial. But who knows.

I'm also pretty happy with the test coverage. Writing comprehensive
tests for partial decoding did flush out a handful of bugs. One
general improvement to testing would be fuzz testing for partial
decoding. I may implement that later. I also anticipate switching the
wire protocol code to this new decoder will flush out any lingering
bugs.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D4414

# Copyright (C) 2015 - Mike Edgar <[e-mail]>
#
# This extension enables removal of file content at a given revision,
# rewriting the data/metadata of successive revisions to preserve revision log
# integrity.

"""erase file content at a given revision

The censor command instructs Mercurial to erase all content of a file at a given
revision *without updating the changeset hash.* This allows existing history to
remain valid while preventing future clones/pulls from receiving the erased
data.

Typical uses for censor are due to security or legal requirements, including::

 * Passwords, private keys, cryptographic material
 * Licensed data/code/libraries for which the license has expired
 * Personally Identifiable Information or other private data

Censored nodes can interrupt mercurial's typical operation whenever the excised
data needs to be materialized. Some commands, like ``hg cat``/``hg revert``,
simply fail when asked to produce censored data. Others, like ``hg verify`` and
``hg update``, must be capable of tolerating censored data to continue to
function in a meaningful way. Such commands only tolerate censored file
revisions if they are allowed by the "censor.policy=ignore" config option.
"""

from __future__ import absolute_import

from mercurial.i18n import _
from mercurial.node import short

from mercurial import (
    error,
    pycompat,
    registrar,
    revlog,
    scmutil,
    util,
)

cmdtable = {}
command = registrar.command(cmdtable)
# Note for extension authors: ONLY specify testedwith = 'ships-with-hg-core' for
# extensions which SHIP WITH MERCURIAL. Non-mainline extensions should
# be specifying the version(s) of Mercurial they are tested with, or
# leave the attribute unspecified.
testedwith = 'ships-with-hg-core'

@command('censor',
    [('r', 'rev', '', _('censor file from specified revision'), _('REV')),
     ('t', 'tombstone', '', _('replacement tombstone data'), _('TEXT'))],
    _('-r REV [-t TEXT] [FILE]'))
def censor(ui, repo, path, rev='', tombstone='', **opts):
    with repo.wlock(), repo.lock():
        return _docensor(ui, repo, path, rev, tombstone, **opts)

def _docensor(ui, repo, path, rev='', tombstone='', **opts):
    if not path:
        raise error.Abort(_('must specify file path to censor'))
    if not rev:
        raise error.Abort(_('must specify revision to censor'))

    wctx = repo[None]

    m = scmutil.match(wctx, (path,))
    if m.anypats() or len(m.files()) != 1:
        raise error.Abort(_('can only specify an explicit filename'))
    path = m.files()[0]
    flog = repo.file(path)
    if not len(flog):
        raise error.Abort(_('cannot censor file with no history'))

    rev = scmutil.revsingle(repo, rev, rev).rev()
    try:
        ctx = repo[rev]
    except KeyError:
        raise error.Abort(_('invalid revision identifier %s') % rev)

    try:
        fctx = ctx.filectx(path)
    except error.LookupError:
        raise error.Abort(_('file does not exist at revision %s') % rev)

    fnode = fctx.filenode()
    headctxs = [repo[c] for c in repo.heads()]
    heads = [c for c in headctxs if path in c and c.filenode(path) == fnode]
    if heads:
        headlist = ', '.join([short(c.node()) for c in heads])
        raise error.Abort(_('cannot censor file in heads (%s)') % headlist,
            hint=_('clean/delete and commit first'))

    wp = wctx.parents()
    if ctx.node() in [p.node() for p in wp]:
        raise error.Abort(_('cannot censor working directory'),
            hint=_('clean/delete/update first'))

    flogv = flog.version & 0xFFFF
    if flogv != revlog.REVLOGV1:
        raise error.Abort(
            _('censor does not support revlog version %d') % (flogv,))

    tombstone = revlog.packmeta({"censored": tombstone}, "")

    crev = fctx.filerev()

    if len(tombstone) > flog.rawsize(crev):
        raise error.Abort(_(
            'censor tombstone must be no longer than censored data'))

    # Using two files instead of one makes it easy to rewrite entry-by-entry
    idxread = repo.svfs(flog.indexfile, 'r')
    idxwrite = repo.svfs(flog.indexfile, 'wb', atomictemp=True)
    if flog.version & revlog.FLAG_INLINE_DATA:
        dataread, datawrite = idxread, idxwrite
    else:
        dataread = repo.svfs(flog.datafile, 'r')
        datawrite = repo.svfs(flog.datafile, 'wb', atomictemp=True)

    # Copy all revlog data up to the entry to be censored.
    rio = revlog.revlogio()
    offset = flog.start(crev)

    for chunk in util.filechunkiter(idxread, limit=crev * rio.size):
        idxwrite.write(chunk)
    for chunk in util.filechunkiter(dataread, limit=offset):
        datawrite.write(chunk)

    def rewriteindex(r, newoffs, newdata=None):
        """Rewrite the index entry with a new data offset and optional new data.

        The newdata argument, if given, is a tuple of three positive integers:
        (new compressed, new uncompressed, added flag bits).
        """
        offlags, comp, uncomp, base, link, p1, p2, nodeid = flog.index[r]
        flags = revlog.gettype(offlags)
        if newdata:
            comp, uncomp, nflags = newdata
            flags |= nflags
        offlags = revlog.offset_type(newoffs, flags)
        e = (offlags, comp, uncomp, r, link, p1, p2, nodeid)
        idxwrite.write(rio.packentry(e, None, flog.version, r))
        idxread.seek(rio.size, 1)

    def rewrite(r, offs, data, nflags=revlog.REVIDX_DEFAULT_FLAGS):
        """Write the given full text to the filelog with the given data offset.

        Returns:
            The integer number of data bytes written, for tracking data offsets.
        """
        flag, compdata = flog.compress(data)
        newcomp = len(flag) + len(compdata)
        rewriteindex(r, offs, (newcomp, len(data), nflags))
        datawrite.write(flag)
        datawrite.write(compdata)
        dataread.seek(flog.length(r), 1)
        return newcomp

    # Rewrite censored revlog entry with (padded) tombstone data.
    pad = ' ' * (flog.rawsize(crev) - len(tombstone))
    offset += rewrite(crev, offset, tombstone + pad, revlog.REVIDX_ISCENSORED)

    # Rewrite all following filelog revisions fixing up offsets and deltas.
    for srev in pycompat.xrange(crev + 1, len(flog)):
        if crev in flog.parentrevs(srev):
            # Immediate children of censored node must be re-added as fulltext.
            try:
                revdata = flog.revision(srev)
            except error.CensoredNodeError as e:
                revdata = e.tombstone
            dlen = rewrite(srev, offset, revdata)
        else:
            # Copy any other revision data verbatim after fixing up the offset.
            rewriteindex(srev, offset)
            dlen = flog.length(srev)
            for chunk in util.filechunkiter(dataread, limit=dlen):
                datawrite.write(chunk)
        offset += dlen

    idxread.close()
    idxwrite.close()
    if dataread is not idxread:
        dataread.close()
        datawrite.close()