Mercurial > hg-stable
view mercurial/pure/parsers.py @ 48447:af303ae33cd7
dirstate-item: implement the comparison logic for mtime-second-ambiguous
If the flag is set we now process it properly.
We "just" need to actually set it and persist it.
Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D11843
author | Pierre-Yves David <pierre-yves.david@octobus.net> |
---|---|
date | Wed, 24 Nov 2021 04:51:05 +0100 |
parents | 111098af6356 |
children | 0b3f3a3ca50a |
line wrap: on
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# parsers.py - Python implementation of parsers.c # # Copyright 2009 Olivia Mackall <olivia@selenic.com> and others # # This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the # GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version. from __future__ import absolute_import import stat import struct import zlib from ..node import ( nullrev, sha1nodeconstants, ) from ..thirdparty import attr from .. import ( error, pycompat, revlogutils, util, ) from ..revlogutils import nodemap as nodemaputil from ..revlogutils import constants as revlog_constants stringio = pycompat.bytesio _pack = struct.pack _unpack = struct.unpack _compress = zlib.compress _decompress = zlib.decompress # a special value used internally for `size` if the file come from the other parent FROM_P2 = -2 # a special value used internally for `size` if the file is modified/merged/added NONNORMAL = -1 # a special value used internally for `time` if the time is ambigeous AMBIGUOUS_TIME = -1 # Bits of the `flags` byte inside a node in the file format DIRSTATE_V2_WDIR_TRACKED = 1 << 0 DIRSTATE_V2_P1_TRACKED = 1 << 1 DIRSTATE_V2_P2_INFO = 1 << 2 DIRSTATE_V2_MODE_EXEC_PERM = 1 << 3 DIRSTATE_V2_MODE_IS_SYMLINK = 1 << 4 DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_FALLBACK_EXEC = 1 << 5 DIRSTATE_V2_FALLBACK_EXEC = 1 << 6 DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_FALLBACK_SYMLINK = 1 << 7 DIRSTATE_V2_FALLBACK_SYMLINK = 1 << 8 DIRSTATE_V2_EXPECTED_STATE_IS_MODIFIED = 1 << 9 DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_MODE_AND_SIZE = 1 << 10 DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_MTIME = 1 << 11 DIRSTATE_V2_MTIME_SECOND_AMBIGUOUS = 1 << 12 DIRSTATE_V2_DIRECTORY = 1 << 13 DIRSTATE_V2_ALL_UNKNOWN_RECORDED = 1 << 14 DIRSTATE_V2_ALL_IGNORED_RECORDED = 1 << 15 @attr.s(slots=True, init=False) class DirstateItem(object): """represent a dirstate entry It hold multiple attributes # about file tracking - wc_tracked: is the file tracked by the working copy - p1_tracked: is the file tracked in working copy first parent - p2_info: the file has been involved in some merge operation. Either because it was actually merged, or because the p2 version was ahead, or because some rename moved it there. In either case `hg status` will want it displayed as modified. # about the file state expected from p1 manifest: - mode: the file mode in p1 - size: the file size in p1 These value can be set to None, which mean we don't have a meaningful value to compare with. Either because we don't really care about them as there `status` is known without having to look at the disk or because we don't know these right now and a full comparison will be needed to find out if the file is clean. # about the file state on disk last time we saw it: - mtime: the last known clean mtime for the file. This value can be set to None if no cachable state exist. Either because we do not care (see previous section) or because we could not cache something yet. """ _wc_tracked = attr.ib() _p1_tracked = attr.ib() _p2_info = attr.ib() _mode = attr.ib() _size = attr.ib() _mtime_s = attr.ib() _mtime_ns = attr.ib() _fallback_exec = attr.ib() _fallback_symlink = attr.ib() _mtime_second_ambiguous = attr.ib() def __init__( self, wc_tracked=False, p1_tracked=False, p2_info=False, has_meaningful_data=True, has_meaningful_mtime=True, parentfiledata=None, fallback_exec=None, fallback_symlink=None, ): self._wc_tracked = wc_tracked self._p1_tracked = p1_tracked self._p2_info = p2_info self._fallback_exec = fallback_exec self._fallback_symlink = fallback_symlink self._mode = None self._size = None self._mtime_s = None self._mtime_ns = None self._mtime_second_ambiguous = False if parentfiledata is None: has_meaningful_mtime = False has_meaningful_data = False elif parentfiledata[2] is None: has_meaningful_mtime = False if has_meaningful_data: self._mode = parentfiledata[0] self._size = parentfiledata[1] if has_meaningful_mtime: ( self._mtime_s, self._mtime_ns, self._mtime_second_ambiguous, ) = parentfiledata[2] @classmethod def from_v2_data(cls, flags, size, mtime_s, mtime_ns): """Build a new DirstateItem object from V2 data""" has_mode_size = bool(flags & DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_MODE_AND_SIZE) has_meaningful_mtime = bool(flags & DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_MTIME) if flags & DIRSTATE_V2_MTIME_SECOND_AMBIGUOUS: # The current code is not able to do the more subtle comparison that the # MTIME_SECOND_AMBIGUOUS requires. So we ignore the mtime has_meaningful_mtime = False mode = None if flags & +DIRSTATE_V2_EXPECTED_STATE_IS_MODIFIED: # we do not have support for this flag in the code yet, # force a lookup for this file. has_mode_size = False has_meaningful_mtime = False fallback_exec = None if flags & DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_FALLBACK_EXEC: fallback_exec = flags & DIRSTATE_V2_FALLBACK_EXEC fallback_symlink = None if flags & DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_FALLBACK_SYMLINK: fallback_symlink = flags & DIRSTATE_V2_FALLBACK_SYMLINK if has_mode_size: assert stat.S_IXUSR == 0o100 if flags & DIRSTATE_V2_MODE_EXEC_PERM: mode = 0o755 else: mode = 0o644 if flags & DIRSTATE_V2_MODE_IS_SYMLINK: mode |= stat.S_IFLNK else: mode |= stat.S_IFREG return cls( wc_tracked=bool(flags & DIRSTATE_V2_WDIR_TRACKED), p1_tracked=bool(flags & DIRSTATE_V2_P1_TRACKED), p2_info=bool(flags & DIRSTATE_V2_P2_INFO), has_meaningful_data=has_mode_size, has_meaningful_mtime=has_meaningful_mtime, parentfiledata=(mode, size, (mtime_s, mtime_ns, False)), fallback_exec=fallback_exec, fallback_symlink=fallback_symlink, ) @classmethod def from_v1_data(cls, state, mode, size, mtime): """Build a new DirstateItem object from V1 data Since the dirstate-v1 format is frozen, the signature of this function is not expected to change, unlike the __init__ one. """ if state == b'm': return cls(wc_tracked=True, p1_tracked=True, p2_info=True) elif state == b'a': return cls(wc_tracked=True) elif state == b'r': if size == NONNORMAL: p1_tracked = True p2_info = True elif size == FROM_P2: p1_tracked = False p2_info = True else: p1_tracked = True p2_info = False return cls(p1_tracked=p1_tracked, p2_info=p2_info) elif state == b'n': if size == FROM_P2: return cls(wc_tracked=True, p2_info=True) elif size == NONNORMAL: return cls(wc_tracked=True, p1_tracked=True) elif mtime == AMBIGUOUS_TIME: return cls( wc_tracked=True, p1_tracked=True, has_meaningful_mtime=False, parentfiledata=(mode, size, (42, 0, False)), ) else: return cls( wc_tracked=True, p1_tracked=True, parentfiledata=(mode, size, (mtime, 0, False)), ) else: raise RuntimeError(b'unknown state: %s' % state) def set_possibly_dirty(self): """Mark a file as "possibly dirty" This means the next status call will have to actually check its content to make sure it is correct. """ self._mtime_s = None self._mtime_ns = None def set_clean(self, mode, size, mtime): """mark a file as "clean" cancelling potential "possibly dirty call" Note: this function is a descendant of `dirstate.normal` and is currently expected to be call on "normal" entry only. There are not reason for this to not change in the future as long as the ccode is updated to preserve the proper state of the non-normal files. """ self._wc_tracked = True self._p1_tracked = True self._mode = mode self._size = size self._mtime_s, self._mtime_ns, self._mtime_second_ambiguous = mtime def set_tracked(self): """mark a file as tracked in the working copy This will ultimately be called by command like `hg add`. """ self._wc_tracked = True # `set_tracked` is replacing various `normallookup` call. So we mark # the files as needing lookup # # Consider dropping this in the future in favor of something less broad. self._mtime_s = None self._mtime_ns = None def set_untracked(self): """mark a file as untracked in the working copy This will ultimately be called by command like `hg remove`. """ self._wc_tracked = False self._mode = None self._size = None self._mtime_s = None self._mtime_ns = None def drop_merge_data(self): """remove all "merge-only" from a DirstateItem This is to be call by the dirstatemap code when the second parent is dropped """ if self._p2_info: self._p2_info = False self._mode = None self._size = None self._mtime_s = None self._mtime_ns = None @property def mode(self): return self.v1_mode() @property def size(self): return self.v1_size() @property def mtime(self): return self.v1_mtime() def mtime_likely_equal_to(self, other_mtime): self_sec = self._mtime_s if self_sec is None: return False self_ns = self._mtime_ns other_sec, other_ns, second_ambiguous = other_mtime if self_sec != other_sec: # seconds are different theses mtime are definitly not equal return False elif other_ns == 0 or self_ns == 0: # at least one side as no nano-seconds information if self._mtime_second_ambiguous: # We cannot trust the mtime in this case return False else: # the "seconds" value was reliable on its own. We are good to go. return True else: # We have nano second information, let us use them ! return self_ns == other_ns @property def state(self): """ States are: n normal m needs merging r marked for removal a marked for addition XXX This "state" is a bit obscure and mostly a direct expression of the dirstatev1 format. It would make sense to ultimately deprecate it in favor of the more "semantic" attributes. """ if not self.any_tracked: return b'?' return self.v1_state() @property def has_fallback_exec(self): """True if "fallback" information are available for the "exec" bit Fallback information can be stored in the dirstate to keep track of filesystem attribute tracked by Mercurial when the underlying file system or operating system does not support that property, (e.g. Windows). Not all version of the dirstate on-disk storage support preserving this information. """ return self._fallback_exec is not None @property def fallback_exec(self): """ "fallback" information for the executable bit True if the file should be considered executable when we cannot get this information from the files system. False if it should be considered non-executable. See has_fallback_exec for details.""" return self._fallback_exec @fallback_exec.setter def set_fallback_exec(self, value): """control "fallback" executable bit Set to: - True if the file should be considered executable, - False if the file should be considered non-executable, - None if we do not have valid fallback data. See has_fallback_exec for details.""" if value is None: self._fallback_exec = None else: self._fallback_exec = bool(value) @property def has_fallback_symlink(self): """True if "fallback" information are available for symlink status Fallback information can be stored in the dirstate to keep track of filesystem attribute tracked by Mercurial when the underlying file system or operating system does not support that property, (e.g. Windows). Not all version of the dirstate on-disk storage support preserving this information.""" return self._fallback_symlink is not None @property def fallback_symlink(self): """ "fallback" information for symlink status True if the file should be considered executable when we cannot get this information from the files system. False if it should be considered non-executable. See has_fallback_exec for details.""" return self._fallback_symlink @fallback_symlink.setter def set_fallback_symlink(self, value): """control "fallback" symlink status Set to: - True if the file should be considered a symlink, - False if the file should be considered not a symlink, - None if we do not have valid fallback data. See has_fallback_symlink for details.""" if value is None: self._fallback_symlink = None else: self._fallback_symlink = bool(value) @property def tracked(self): """True is the file is tracked in the working copy""" return self._wc_tracked @property def any_tracked(self): """True is the file is tracked anywhere (wc or parents)""" return self._wc_tracked or self._p1_tracked or self._p2_info @property def added(self): """True if the file has been added""" return self._wc_tracked and not (self._p1_tracked or self._p2_info) @property def maybe_clean(self): """True if the file has a chance to be in the "clean" state""" if not self._wc_tracked: return False elif not self._p1_tracked: return False elif self._p2_info: return False return True @property def p1_tracked(self): """True if the file is tracked in the first parent manifest""" return self._p1_tracked @property def p2_info(self): """True if the file needed to merge or apply any input from p2 See the class documentation for details. """ return self._wc_tracked and self._p2_info @property def removed(self): """True if the file has been removed""" return not self._wc_tracked and (self._p1_tracked or self._p2_info) def v2_data(self): """Returns (flags, mode, size, mtime) for v2 serialization""" flags = 0 if self._wc_tracked: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_WDIR_TRACKED if self._p1_tracked: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_P1_TRACKED if self._p2_info: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_P2_INFO if self._mode is not None and self._size is not None: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_MODE_AND_SIZE if self.mode & stat.S_IXUSR: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_MODE_EXEC_PERM if stat.S_ISLNK(self.mode): flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_MODE_IS_SYMLINK if self._mtime_s is not None: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_MTIME if self._fallback_exec is not None: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_FALLBACK_EXEC if self._fallback_exec: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_FALLBACK_EXEC if self._fallback_symlink is not None: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_FALLBACK_SYMLINK if self._fallback_symlink: flags |= DIRSTATE_V2_FALLBACK_SYMLINK # Note: we do not need to do anything regarding # DIRSTATE_V2_ALL_UNKNOWN_RECORDED and DIRSTATE_V2_ALL_IGNORED_RECORDED # since we never set _DIRSTATE_V2_HAS_DIRCTORY_MTIME return (flags, self._size or 0, self._mtime_s or 0, self._mtime_ns or 0) def v1_state(self): """return a "state" suitable for v1 serialization""" if not self.any_tracked: # the object has no state to record, this is -currently- # unsupported raise RuntimeError('untracked item') elif self.removed: return b'r' elif self._p1_tracked and self._p2_info: return b'm' elif self.added: return b'a' else: return b'n' def v1_mode(self): """return a "mode" suitable for v1 serialization""" return self._mode if self._mode is not None else 0 def v1_size(self): """return a "size" suitable for v1 serialization""" if not self.any_tracked: # the object has no state to record, this is -currently- # unsupported raise RuntimeError('untracked item') elif self.removed and self._p1_tracked and self._p2_info: return NONNORMAL elif self._p2_info: return FROM_P2 elif self.removed: return 0 elif self.added: return NONNORMAL elif self._size is None: return NONNORMAL else: return self._size def v1_mtime(self): """return a "mtime" suitable for v1 serialization""" if not self.any_tracked: # the object has no state to record, this is -currently- # unsupported raise RuntimeError('untracked item') elif self.removed: return 0 elif self._mtime_s is None: return AMBIGUOUS_TIME elif self._p2_info: return AMBIGUOUS_TIME elif not self._p1_tracked: return AMBIGUOUS_TIME else: return self._mtime_s def gettype(q): return int(q & 0xFFFF) class BaseIndexObject(object): # Can I be passed to an algorithme implemented in Rust ? rust_ext_compat = 0 # Format of an index entry according to Python's `struct` language index_format = revlog_constants.INDEX_ENTRY_V1 # Size of a C unsigned long long int, platform independent big_int_size = struct.calcsize(b'>Q') # Size of a C long int, platform independent int_size = struct.calcsize(b'>i') # An empty index entry, used as a default value to be overridden, or nullrev null_item = ( 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, sha1nodeconstants.nullid, 0, 0, revlog_constants.COMP_MODE_INLINE, revlog_constants.COMP_MODE_INLINE, ) @util.propertycache def entry_size(self): return self.index_format.size @property def nodemap(self): msg = b"index.nodemap is deprecated, use index.[has_node|rev|get_rev]" util.nouideprecwarn(msg, b'5.3', stacklevel=2) return self._nodemap @util.propertycache def _nodemap(self): nodemap = nodemaputil.NodeMap({sha1nodeconstants.nullid: nullrev}) for r in range(0, len(self)): n = self[r][7] nodemap[n] = r return nodemap def has_node(self, node): """return True if the node exist in the index""" return node in self._nodemap def rev(self, node): """return a revision for a node If the node is unknown, raise a RevlogError""" return self._nodemap[node] def get_rev(self, node): """return a revision for a node If the node is unknown, return None""" return self._nodemap.get(node) def _stripnodes(self, start): if '_nodemap' in vars(self): for r in range(start, len(self)): n = self[r][7] del self._nodemap[n] def clearcaches(self): self.__dict__.pop('_nodemap', None) def __len__(self): return self._lgt + len(self._extra) def append(self, tup): if '_nodemap' in vars(self): self._nodemap[tup[7]] = len(self) data = self._pack_entry(len(self), tup) self._extra.append(data) def _pack_entry(self, rev, entry): assert entry[8] == 0 assert entry[9] == 0 return self.index_format.pack(*entry[:8]) def _check_index(self, i): if not isinstance(i, int): raise TypeError(b"expecting int indexes") if i < 0 or i >= len(self): raise IndexError def __getitem__(self, i): if i == -1: return self.null_item self._check_index(i) if i >= self._lgt: data = self._extra[i - self._lgt] else: index = self._calculate_index(i) data = self._data[index : index + self.entry_size] r = self._unpack_entry(i, data) if self._lgt and i == 0: offset = revlogutils.offset_type(0, gettype(r[0])) r = (offset,) + r[1:] return r def _unpack_entry(self, rev, data): r = self.index_format.unpack(data) r = r + ( 0, 0, revlog_constants.COMP_MODE_INLINE, revlog_constants.COMP_MODE_INLINE, ) return r def pack_header(self, header): """pack header information as binary""" v_fmt = revlog_constants.INDEX_HEADER return v_fmt.pack(header) def entry_binary(self, rev): """return the raw binary string representing a revision""" entry = self[rev] p = revlog_constants.INDEX_ENTRY_V1.pack(*entry[:8]) if rev == 0: p = p[revlog_constants.INDEX_HEADER.size :] return p class IndexObject(BaseIndexObject): def __init__(self, data): assert len(data) % self.entry_size == 0, ( len(data), self.entry_size, len(data) % self.entry_size, ) self._data = data self._lgt = len(data) // self.entry_size self._extra = [] def _calculate_index(self, i): return i * self.entry_size def __delitem__(self, i): if not isinstance(i, slice) or not i.stop == -1 or i.step is not None: raise ValueError(b"deleting slices only supports a:-1 with step 1") i = i.start self._check_index(i) self._stripnodes(i) if i < self._lgt: self._data = self._data[: i * self.entry_size] self._lgt = i self._extra = [] else: self._extra = self._extra[: i - self._lgt] class PersistentNodeMapIndexObject(IndexObject): """a Debug oriented class to test persistent nodemap We need a simple python object to test API and higher level behavior. See the Rust implementation for more serious usage. This should be used only through the dedicated `devel.persistent-nodemap` config. """ def nodemap_data_all(self): """Return bytes containing a full serialization of a nodemap The nodemap should be valid for the full set of revisions in the index.""" return nodemaputil.persistent_data(self) def nodemap_data_incremental(self): """Return bytes containing a incremental update to persistent nodemap This containst the data for an append-only update of the data provided in the last call to `update_nodemap_data`. """ if self._nm_root is None: return None docket = self._nm_docket changed, data = nodemaputil.update_persistent_data( self, self._nm_root, self._nm_max_idx, self._nm_docket.tip_rev ) self._nm_root = self._nm_max_idx = self._nm_docket = None return docket, changed, data def update_nodemap_data(self, docket, nm_data): """provide full block of persisted binary data for a nodemap The data are expected to come from disk. See `nodemap_data_all` for a produceur of such data.""" if nm_data is not None: self._nm_root, self._nm_max_idx = nodemaputil.parse_data(nm_data) if self._nm_root: self._nm_docket = docket else: self._nm_root = self._nm_max_idx = self._nm_docket = None class InlinedIndexObject(BaseIndexObject): def __init__(self, data, inline=0): self._data = data self._lgt = self._inline_scan(None) self._inline_scan(self._lgt) self._extra = [] def _inline_scan(self, lgt): off = 0 if lgt is not None: self._offsets = [0] * lgt count = 0 while off <= len(self._data) - self.entry_size: start = off + self.big_int_size (s,) = struct.unpack( b'>i', self._data[start : start + self.int_size], ) if lgt is not None: self._offsets[count] = off count += 1 off += self.entry_size + s if off != len(self._data): raise ValueError(b"corrupted data") return count def __delitem__(self, i): if not isinstance(i, slice) or not i.stop == -1 or i.step is not None: raise ValueError(b"deleting slices only supports a:-1 with step 1") i = i.start self._check_index(i) self._stripnodes(i) if i < self._lgt: self._offsets = self._offsets[:i] self._lgt = i self._extra = [] else: self._extra = self._extra[: i - self._lgt] def _calculate_index(self, i): return self._offsets[i] def parse_index2(data, inline, revlogv2=False): if not inline: cls = IndexObject2 if revlogv2 else IndexObject return cls(data), None cls = InlinedIndexObject return cls(data, inline), (0, data) def parse_index_cl_v2(data): return IndexChangelogV2(data), None class IndexObject2(IndexObject): index_format = revlog_constants.INDEX_ENTRY_V2 def replace_sidedata_info( self, rev, sidedata_offset, sidedata_length, offset_flags, compression_mode, ): """ Replace an existing index entry's sidedata offset and length with new ones. This cannot be used outside of the context of sidedata rewriting, inside the transaction that creates the revision `rev`. """ if rev < 0: raise KeyError self._check_index(rev) if rev < self._lgt: msg = b"cannot rewrite entries outside of this transaction" raise KeyError(msg) else: entry = list(self[rev]) entry[0] = offset_flags entry[8] = sidedata_offset entry[9] = sidedata_length entry[11] = compression_mode entry = tuple(entry) new = self._pack_entry(rev, entry) self._extra[rev - self._lgt] = new def _unpack_entry(self, rev, data): data = self.index_format.unpack(data) entry = data[:10] data_comp = data[10] & 3 sidedata_comp = (data[10] & (3 << 2)) >> 2 return entry + (data_comp, sidedata_comp) def _pack_entry(self, rev, entry): data = entry[:10] data_comp = entry[10] & 3 sidedata_comp = (entry[11] & 3) << 2 data += (data_comp | sidedata_comp,) return self.index_format.pack(*data) def entry_binary(self, rev): """return the raw binary string representing a revision""" entry = self[rev] return self._pack_entry(rev, entry) def pack_header(self, header): """pack header information as binary""" msg = 'version header should go in the docket, not the index: %d' msg %= header raise error.ProgrammingError(msg) class IndexChangelogV2(IndexObject2): index_format = revlog_constants.INDEX_ENTRY_CL_V2 def _unpack_entry(self, rev, data, r=True): items = self.index_format.unpack(data) entry = items[:3] + (rev, rev) + items[3:8] data_comp = items[8] & 3 sidedata_comp = (items[8] >> 2) & 3 return entry + (data_comp, sidedata_comp) def _pack_entry(self, rev, entry): assert entry[3] == rev, entry[3] assert entry[4] == rev, entry[4] data = entry[:3] + entry[5:10] data_comp = entry[10] & 3 sidedata_comp = (entry[11] & 3) << 2 data += (data_comp | sidedata_comp,) return self.index_format.pack(*data) def parse_index_devel_nodemap(data, inline): """like parse_index2, but alway return a PersistentNodeMapIndexObject""" return PersistentNodeMapIndexObject(data), None def parse_dirstate(dmap, copymap, st): parents = [st[:20], st[20:40]] # dereference fields so they will be local in loop format = b">cllll" e_size = struct.calcsize(format) pos1 = 40 l = len(st) # the inner loop while pos1 < l: pos2 = pos1 + e_size e = _unpack(b">cllll", st[pos1:pos2]) # a literal here is faster pos1 = pos2 + e[4] f = st[pos2:pos1] if b'\0' in f: f, c = f.split(b'\0') copymap[f] = c dmap[f] = DirstateItem.from_v1_data(*e[:4]) return parents def pack_dirstate(dmap, copymap, pl): cs = stringio() write = cs.write write(b"".join(pl)) for f, e in pycompat.iteritems(dmap): if f in copymap: f = b"%s\0%s" % (f, copymap[f]) e = _pack( b">cllll", e.v1_state(), e.v1_mode(), e.v1_size(), e.v1_mtime(), len(f), ) write(e) write(f) return cs.getvalue()