mercurial/transaction.py

transaction: allow registering a temporary transaction file

During the transaction, files may be created to store or expose data
involved in the transaction (eg: changelog index data are written in
a 'changelog.i.a' for hooks). But we do not have an official way to
record such file creation and make sure they are cleaned up. The lack
of clean-up is currently okay because there is a single file involved
and a single producer/consumer.

However, as we want to expose more data (bookmarks, phases, obsmarker)
we need something more solid. The 'backupentries' mechanism could
handle that. Temporary files can be encoded as a backup of nothing
'('', <temporarypath>)'. We "need" to attach it to the same mechanism
as we use to be able to use temporary transaction files outside of
.'store/' and 'backupentries' is expected to gain such feature.

This changeset makes it clear that we should rename 'backupentries' to
something more generic.

# transaction.py - simple journaling scheme for mercurial
#
# This transaction scheme is intended to gracefully handle program
# errors and interruptions. More serious failures like system crashes
# can be recovered with an fsck-like tool. As the whole repository is
# effectively log-structured, this should amount to simply truncating
# anything that isn't referenced in the changelog.
#
# Copyright 2005, 2006 Matt Mackall <[e-mail]>
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.

from i18n import _
import errno
import error, util

version = 1

def active(func):
    def _active(self, *args, **kwds):
        if self.count == 0:
            raise error.Abort(_(
                'cannot use transaction when it is already committed/aborted'))
        return func(self, *args, **kwds)
    return _active

def _playback(journal, report, opener, entries, backupentries, unlink=True):
    for f, o, _ignore in entries:
        if o or not unlink:
            try:
                fp = opener(f, 'a')
                fp.truncate(o)
                fp.close()
            except IOError:
                report(_("failed to truncate %s\n") % f)
                raise
        else:
            try:
                opener.unlink(f)
            except (IOError, OSError), inst:
                if inst.errno != errno.ENOENT:
                    raise

    backupfiles = []
    for f, b in backupentries:
        if f and b:
            filepath = opener.join(f)
            backuppath = opener.join(b)
            try:
                util.copyfile(backuppath, filepath)
                backupfiles.append(b)
            except IOError:
                report(_("failed to recover %s\n") % f)
                raise
        else:
            target = f or b
            try:
                opener.unlink(target)
            except (IOError, OSError), inst:
                if inst.errno != errno.ENOENT:
                    raise

    opener.unlink(journal)
    backuppath = "%s.backupfiles" % journal
    if opener.exists(backuppath):
        opener.unlink(backuppath)
    for f in backupfiles:
        if opener.exists(f):
            opener.unlink(f)

class transaction(object):
    def __init__(self, report, opener, journal, after=None, createmode=None,
            onclose=None, onabort=None):
        """Begin a new transaction

        Begins a new transaction that allows rolling back writes in the event of
        an exception.

        * `after`: called after the transaction has been committed
        * `createmode`: the mode of the journal file that will be created
        * `onclose`: called as the transaction is closing, but before it is
        closed
        * `onabort`: called as the transaction is aborting, but before any files
        have been truncated
        """
        self.count = 1
        self.usages = 1
        self.report = report
        self.opener = opener
        self.after = after
        self.onclose = onclose
        self.onabort = onabort
        self.entries = []
        self.map = {}
        self.journal = journal
        self._queue = []
        # a dict of arguments to be passed to hooks
        self.hookargs = {}
        self.file = opener.open(self.journal, "w")

        # a list of ('path', 'backuppath') entries.
        # if 'backuppath' is empty, no file existed at backup time
        # if 'path' is empty, this is a temporary transaction file
        self._backupentries = []
        self._backupmap = {}
        self._backupjournal = "%s.backupfiles" % journal
        self._backupsfile = opener.open(self._backupjournal, 'w')
        self._backupsfile.write('%d\n' % version)

        if createmode is not None:
            opener.chmod(self.journal, createmode & 0666)
            opener.chmod(self._backupjournal, createmode & 0666)

        # hold file generations to be performed on commit
        self._filegenerators = {}
        # hold callbalk to write pending data for hooks
        self._pendingcallback = {}
        # True is any pending data have been written ever
        self._anypending = False
        # holds callback to call when writing the transaction
        self._finalizecallback = {}
        # hold callbalk for post transaction close
        self._postclosecallback = {}

    def __del__(self):
        if self.journal:
            self._abort()

    @active
    def startgroup(self):
        """delay registration of file entry

        This is used by strip to delay vision of strip offset. The transaction
        sees either none or all of the strip actions to be done."""
        self._queue.append([])

    @active
    def endgroup(self):
        """apply delayed registration of file entry.

        This is used by strip to delay vision of strip offset. The transaction
        sees either none or all of the strip actions to be done."""
        q = self._queue.pop()
        for f, o, data in q:
            self._addentry(f, o, data)

    @active
    def add(self, file, offset, data=None):
        """record the state of an append-only file before update"""
        if file in self.map or file in self._backupmap:
            return
        if self._queue:
            self._queue[-1].append((file, offset, data))
            return

        self._addentry(file, offset, data)

    def _addentry(self, file, offset, data):
        """add a append-only entry to memory and on-disk state"""
        if file in self.map or file in self._backupmap:
            return
        self.entries.append((file, offset, data))
        self.map[file] = len(self.entries) - 1
        # add enough data to the journal to do the truncate
        self.file.write("%s\0%d\n" % (file, offset))
        self.file.flush()

    @active
    def addbackup(self, file, hardlink=True, vfs=None):
        """Adds a backup of the file to the transaction

        Calling addbackup() creates a hardlink backup of the specified file
        that is used to recover the file in the event of the transaction
        aborting.

        * `file`: the file path, relative to .hg/store
        * `hardlink`: use a hardlink to quickly create the backup
        """
        if self._queue:
            msg = 'cannot use transaction.addbackup inside "group"'
            raise RuntimeError(msg)

        if file in self.map or file in self._backupmap:
            return
        backupfile = "%s.backup.%s" % (self.journal, file)
        if vfs is None:
            vfs = self.opener
        if vfs.exists(file):
            filepath = vfs.join(file)
            backuppath = self.opener.join(backupfile)
            util.copyfiles(filepath, backuppath, hardlink=hardlink)
        else:
            backupfile = ''

        self._addbackupentry((file, backupfile))

    def _addbackupentry(self, entry):
        """register a new backup entry and write it to disk"""
        self._backupentries.append(entry)
        self._backupmap[file] = len(self._backupentries) - 1
        self._backupsfile.write("%s\0%s\n" % entry)
        self._backupsfile.flush()

    @active
    def registertmp(self, tmpfile):
        """register a temporary transaction file

        Such file will be delete when the transaction exit (on both failure and
        success).
        """
        self._addbackupentry(('', tmpfile))

    @active
    def addfilegenerator(self, genid, filenames, genfunc, order=0, vfs=None):
        """add a function to generates some files at transaction commit

        The `genfunc` argument is a function capable of generating proper
        content of each entry in the `filename` tuple.

        At transaction close time, `genfunc` will be called with one file
        object argument per entries in `filenames`.

        The transaction itself is responsible for the backup, creation and
        final write of such file.

        The `genid` argument is used to ensure the same set of file is only
        generated once. Call to `addfilegenerator` for a `genid` already
        present will overwrite the old entry.

        The `order` argument may be used to control the order in which multiple
        generator will be executed.
        """
        # For now, we are unable to do proper backup and restore of custom vfs
        # but for bookmarks that are handled outside this mechanism.
        assert vfs is None or filenames == ('bookmarks',)
        self._filegenerators[genid] = (order, filenames, genfunc, vfs)

    def _generatefiles(self):
        # write files registered for generation
        for entry in sorted(self._filegenerators.values()):
            order, filenames, genfunc, vfs = entry
            if vfs is None:
                vfs = self.opener
            files = []
            try:
                for name in filenames:
                    # Some files are already backed up when creating the
                    # localrepo. Until this is properly fixed we disable the
                    # backup for them.
                    if name not in ('phaseroots', 'bookmarks'):
                        self.addbackup(name)
                    files.append(vfs(name, 'w', atomictemp=True))
                genfunc(*files)
            finally:
                for f in files:
                    f.close()

    @active
    def find(self, file):
        if file in self.map:
            return self.entries[self.map[file]]
        if file in self._backupmap:
            return self._backupentries[self._backupmap[file]]
        return None

    @active
    def replace(self, file, offset, data=None):
        '''
        replace can only replace already committed entries
        that are not pending in the queue
        '''

        if file not in self.map:
            raise KeyError(file)
        index = self.map[file]
        self.entries[index] = (file, offset, data)
        self.file.write("%s\0%d\n" % (file, offset))
        self.file.flush()

    @active
    def nest(self):
        self.count += 1
        self.usages += 1
        return self

    def release(self):
        if self.count > 0:
            self.usages -= 1
        # if the transaction scopes are left without being closed, fail
        if self.count > 0 and self.usages == 0:
            self._abort()

    def running(self):
        return self.count > 0

    def addpending(self, category, callback):
        """add a callback to be called when the transaction is pending

        The transaction will be given as callback's first argument.

        Category is a unique identifier to allow overwriting an old callback
        with a newer callback.
        """
        self._pendingcallback[category] = callback

    @active
    def writepending(self):
        '''write pending file to temporary version

        This is used to allow hooks to view a transaction before commit'''
        categories = sorted(self._pendingcallback)
        for cat in categories:
            # remove callback since the data will have been flushed
            any = self._pendingcallback.pop(cat)(self)
            self._anypending = self._anypending or any
        return self._anypending

    @active
    def addfinalize(self, category, callback):
        """add a callback to be called when the transaction is closed

        The transaction will be given as callback's first argument.

        Category is a unique identifier to allow overwriting old callbacks with
        newer callbacks.
        """
        self._finalizecallback[category] = callback

    @active
    def addpostclose(self, category, callback):
        """add a callback to be called after the transaction is closed

        The transaction will be given as callback's first argument.

        Category is a unique identifier to allow overwriting an old callback
        with a newer callback.
        """
        self._postclosecallback[category] = callback

    @active
    def close(self):
        '''commit the transaction'''
        if self.count == 1:
            self._generatefiles()
            categories = sorted(self._finalizecallback)
            for cat in categories:
                self._finalizecallback[cat](self)
            if self.onclose is not None:
                self.onclose()

        self.count -= 1
        if self.count != 0:
            return
        self.file.close()
        self._backupsfile.close()
        # cleanup temporary files
        for f, b in self._backupentries:
            if not f and b and self.opener.exists(b):
                self.opener.unlink(b)
        self.entries = []
        if self.after:
            self.after()
        if self.opener.isfile(self.journal):
            self.opener.unlink(self.journal)
        if self.opener.isfile(self._backupjournal):
            self.opener.unlink(self._backupjournal)
            for _f, b in self._backupentries:
                if b and self.opener.exists(b):
                    self.opener.unlink(b)
        self._backupentries = []
        self.journal = None
        # run post close action
        categories = sorted(self._postclosecallback)
        for cat in categories:
            self._postclosecallback[cat](self)

    @active
    def abort(self):
        '''abort the transaction (generally called on error, or when the
        transaction is not explicitly committed before going out of
        scope)'''
        self._abort()

    def _abort(self):
        self.count = 0
        self.usages = 0
        self.file.close()
        self._backupsfile.close()

        if self.onabort is not None:
            self.onabort()

        try:
            if not self.entries and not self._backupentries:
                if self.journal:
                    self.opener.unlink(self.journal)
                if self._backupjournal:
                    self.opener.unlink(self._backupjournal)
                return

            self.report(_("transaction abort!\n"))

            try:
                _playback(self.journal, self.report, self.opener,
                          self.entries, self._backupentries, False)
                self.report(_("rollback completed\n"))
            except Exception:
                self.report(_("rollback failed - please run hg recover\n"))
        finally:
            self.journal = None


def rollback(opener, file, report):
    """Rolls back the transaction contained in the given file

    Reads the entries in the specified file, and the corresponding
    '*.backupfiles' file, to recover from an incomplete transaction.

    * `file`: a file containing a list of entries, specifying where
    to truncate each file.  The file should contain a list of
    file\0offset pairs, delimited by newlines. The corresponding
    '*.backupfiles' file should contain a list of file\0backupfile
    pairs, delimited by \0.
    """
    entries = []
    backupentries = []

    fp = opener.open(file)
    lines = fp.readlines()
    fp.close()
    for l in lines:
        try:
            f, o = l.split('\0')
            entries.append((f, int(o), None))
        except ValueError:
            report(_("couldn't read journal entry %r!\n") % l)

    backupjournal = "%s.backupfiles" % file
    if opener.exists(backupjournal):
        fp = opener.open(backupjournal)
        lines = fp.readlines()
        if lines:
            ver = lines[0][:-1]
            if ver == str(version):
                for line in lines[1:]:
                    if line:
                        # Shave off the trailing newline
                        line = line[:-1]
                        f, b = line.split('\0')
                        backupentries.append((f, b))
            else:
                report(_("journal was created by a newer version of "
                         "Mercurial"))

    _playback(file, report, opener, entries, backupentries)