Mercurial > hg
annotate mercurial/worker.py @ 26623:5a95fe44121d
clonebundles: support for seeding clones from pre-generated bundles
Cloning can be an expensive operation for servers because the server
generates a bundle from existing repository data at request time. For
a large repository like mozilla-central, this consumes 4+ minutes
of CPU time on the server. It also results in significant network
utilization. Multiplied by hundreds or even thousands of clients and
the ensuing load can result in difficulties scaling the Mercurial server.
Despite generation of bundles being deterministic until the next
changeset is added, the generation of bundles to service a clone request
is not cached. Each clone thus performs redundant work. This is
wasteful.
This patch introduces the "clonebundles" extension and related
client-side functionality to help alleviate this deficiency. The
client-side feature is behind an experimental flag and is not enabled by
default.
It works as follows:
1) Server operator generates a bundle and makes it available on a
server (likely HTTP).
2) Server operator defines the URL of a bundle file in a
.hg/clonebundles.manifest file.
3) Client `hg clone`ing sees the server is advertising bundle URLs.
4) Client fetches and applies the advertised bundle.
5) Client performs equivalent of `hg pull` to fetch changes made since
the bundle was created.
Essentially, the server performs the expensive work of generating a
bundle once and all subsequent clones fetch a static file from
somewhere. Scaling static file serving is a much more manageable
problem than scaling a Python application like Mercurial. Assuming your
repository grows less than 1% per day, the end result is 99+% of CPU
and network load from clones is eliminated, allowing Mercurial servers
to scale more easily. Serving static files also means data can be
transferred to clients as fast as they can consume it, rather than as
fast as servers can generate it. This makes clones faster.
Mozilla has implemented similar functionality of this patch on
hg.mozilla.org using a custom extension. We are hosting bundle files in
Amazon S3 and CloudFront (a CDN) and have successfully offloaded
>1 TB/day in data transfer from hg.mozilla.org, freeing up significant
bandwidth and CPU resources. The positive impact has been stellar and
I believe it has proved its value to be included in Mercurial core. I
feel it is important for the client-side support to be enabled in core
by default because it means that clients will get faster, more reliable
clones and will enable server operators to reduce load without
requiring any client-side configuration changes (assuming clients are
up to date, of course).
The scope of this feature is narrowly and specifically tailored to
cloning, despite "serve pulls from pre-generated bundles" being a valid
and useful feature. I would eventually like for Mercurial servers to
support transferring *all* repository data via statically hosted files.
You could imagine a server that siphons all pushed data to bundle files
and instructs clients to apply a stream of bundles to reconstruct all
repository data. This feature, while useful and powerful, is
significantly more work to implement because it requires the server
component have awareness of discovery and a mapping of which changesets
are in which files. Full, clone bundles, by contrast, are much simpler.
The wire protocol command is named "clonebundles" instead of something
more generic like "staticbundles" to leave the door open for a new, more
powerful and more generic server-side component with minimal backwards
compatibility implications. The name "bundleclone" is used by Mozilla's
extension and would cause problems since there are subtle differences
in Mozilla's extension.
Mozilla's experience with this idea has taught us that some form of
"content negotiation" is required. Not all clients will support all
bundle formats or even URLs (advanced TLS requirements, etc). To ensure
the highest uptake possible, a server needs to advertise multiple
versions of bundles and clients need to be able to choose the most
appropriate from that list one. The "attributes" in each
server-advertised entry facilitate this filtering and sorting. Their
use will become apparent in subsequent patches.
Initial inspiration and credit for the idea of cloning from static files
belongs to Augie Fackler and his "lookaside clone" extension proof of
concept.
author | Gregory Szorc <gregory.szorc@gmail.com> |
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date | Fri, 09 Oct 2015 11:22:01 -0700 |
parents | 56b2bcea2529 |
children | f8efc8a3a991 |
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1 # worker.py - master-slave parallelism support |
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2 # |
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3 # Copyright 2013 Facebook, Inc. |
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4 # |
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5 # This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the |
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6 # GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version. |
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7 |
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8 from __future__ import absolute_import |
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9 |
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10 import errno |
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11 import os |
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12 import signal |
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13 import sys |
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14 import threading |
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15 |
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16 from .i18n import _ |
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17 from . import error |
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18 |
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19 def countcpus(): |
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20 '''try to count the number of CPUs on the system''' |
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21 |
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22 # posix |
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23 try: |
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24 n = int(os.sysconf('SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN')) |
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25 if n > 0: |
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26 return n |
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27 except (AttributeError, ValueError): |
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28 pass |
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29 |
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30 # windows |
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31 try: |
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32 n = int(os.environ['NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS']) |
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33 if n > 0: |
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34 return n |
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35 except (KeyError, ValueError): |
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36 pass |
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37 |
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38 return 1 |
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39 |
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40 def _numworkers(ui): |
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41 s = ui.config('worker', 'numcpus') |
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42 if s: |
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43 try: |
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44 n = int(s) |
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45 if n >= 1: |
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46 return n |
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47 except ValueError: |
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48 raise error.Abort(_('number of cpus must be an integer')) |
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49 return min(max(countcpus(), 4), 32) |
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50 |
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51 if os.name == 'posix': |
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52 _startupcost = 0.01 |
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53 else: |
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54 _startupcost = 1e30 |
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55 |
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56 def worthwhile(ui, costperop, nops): |
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57 '''try to determine whether the benefit of multiple processes can |
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58 outweigh the cost of starting them''' |
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59 linear = costperop * nops |
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60 workers = _numworkers(ui) |
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61 benefit = linear - (_startupcost * workers + linear / workers) |
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62 return benefit >= 0.15 |
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63 |
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64 def worker(ui, costperarg, func, staticargs, args): |
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65 '''run a function, possibly in parallel in multiple worker |
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66 processes. |
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67 |
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68 returns a progress iterator |
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69 |
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70 costperarg - cost of a single task |
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71 |
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72 func - function to run |
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73 |
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74 staticargs - arguments to pass to every invocation of the function |
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75 |
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76 args - arguments to split into chunks, to pass to individual |
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77 workers |
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78 ''' |
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79 if worthwhile(ui, costperarg, len(args)): |
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80 return _platformworker(ui, func, staticargs, args) |
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81 return func(*staticargs + (args,)) |
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82 |
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83 def _posixworker(ui, func, staticargs, args): |
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84 rfd, wfd = os.pipe() |
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85 workers = _numworkers(ui) |
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86 oldhandler = signal.getsignal(signal.SIGINT) |
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87 signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN) |
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88 pids, problem = [], [0] |
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89 for pargs in partition(args, workers): |
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90 pid = os.fork() |
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91 if pid == 0: |
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92 signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, oldhandler) |
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93 try: |
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94 os.close(rfd) |
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95 for i, item in func(*(staticargs + (pargs,))): |
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96 os.write(wfd, '%d %s\n' % (i, item)) |
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97 os._exit(0) |
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98 except KeyboardInterrupt: |
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99 os._exit(255) |
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100 # other exceptions are allowed to propagate, we rely |
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101 # on lock.py's pid checks to avoid release callbacks |
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102 pids.append(pid) |
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103 pids.reverse() |
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104 os.close(wfd) |
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105 fp = os.fdopen(rfd, 'rb', 0) |
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106 def killworkers(): |
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107 # if one worker bails, there's no good reason to wait for the rest |
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108 for p in pids: |
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109 try: |
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110 os.kill(p, signal.SIGTERM) |
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111 except OSError as err: |
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112 if err.errno != errno.ESRCH: |
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113 raise |
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114 def waitforworkers(): |
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115 for _pid in pids: |
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116 st = _exitstatus(os.wait()[1]) |
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117 if st and not problem[0]: |
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118 problem[0] = st |
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119 killworkers() |
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120 t = threading.Thread(target=waitforworkers) |
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121 t.start() |
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122 def cleanup(): |
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123 signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, oldhandler) |
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124 t.join() |
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125 status = problem[0] |
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126 if status: |
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127 if status < 0: |
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128 os.kill(os.getpid(), -status) |
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129 sys.exit(status) |
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130 try: |
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131 for line in fp: |
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132 l = line.split(' ', 1) |
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133 yield int(l[0]), l[1][:-1] |
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134 except: # re-raises |
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135 killworkers() |
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136 cleanup() |
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137 raise |
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138 cleanup() |
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139 |
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140 def _posixexitstatus(code): |
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141 '''convert a posix exit status into the same form returned by |
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142 os.spawnv |
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143 |
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144 returns None if the process was stopped instead of exiting''' |
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145 if os.WIFEXITED(code): |
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146 return os.WEXITSTATUS(code) |
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147 elif os.WIFSIGNALED(code): |
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148 return -os.WTERMSIG(code) |
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149 |
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150 if os.name != 'nt': |
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151 _platformworker = _posixworker |
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152 _exitstatus = _posixexitstatus |
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153 |
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154 def partition(lst, nslices): |
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155 '''partition a list into N slices of equal size''' |
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156 n = len(lst) |
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157 chunk, slop = n / nslices, n % nslices |
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158 end = 0 |
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159 for i in xrange(nslices): |
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160 start = end |
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161 end = start + chunk |
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162 if slop: |
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163 end += 1 |
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164 slop -= 1 |
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165 yield lst[start:end] |