tests/test-hook.t

merge: use constants for merge state record types

merge.py is using multiple discrete sets of 1 and 2 letter constants
to define types and behavior. To the uninitiated, the code is very
difficult to reason about. I didn't even realize there were multiple
sets of constants in play initially!

We begin our sanity injection with merge state records. The record
types (which are serialized to disk) are now defined in RECORD_*
constants.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D2698

commit hooks can see env vars
(and post-transaction one are run unlocked)


  $ cat > $TESTTMP/txnabort.checkargs.py <<EOF
  > def showargs(ui, repo, hooktype, **kwargs):
  >     ui.write('%s Python hook: %s\n' % (hooktype, ','.join(sorted(kwargs))))
  > EOF

  $ hg init a
  $ cd a
  $ cat > .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [hooks]
  > commit = sh -c "HG_LOCAL= HG_TAG= printenv.py commit"
  > commit.b = sh -c "HG_LOCAL= HG_TAG= printenv.py commit.b"
  > precommit = sh -c  "HG_LOCAL= HG_NODE= HG_TAG= printenv.py precommit"
  > pretxncommit = sh -c "HG_LOCAL= HG_TAG= printenv.py pretxncommit"
  > pretxncommit.tip = hg -q tip
  > pre-identify = sh -c "printenv.py pre-identify 1"
  > pre-cat = sh -c "printenv.py pre-cat"
  > post-cat = sh -c "printenv.py post-cat"
  > pretxnopen = sh -c "HG_LOCAL= HG_TAG= printenv.py pretxnopen"
  > pretxnclose = sh -c "HG_LOCAL= HG_TAG= printenv.py pretxnclose"
  > txnclose = sh -c "HG_LOCAL= HG_TAG= printenv.py txnclose"
  > txnabort.0 = python:$TESTTMP/txnabort.checkargs.py:showargs
  > txnabort.1 = sh -c "HG_LOCAL= HG_TAG= printenv.py txnabort"
  > txnclose.checklock = sh -c "hg debuglock > /dev/null"
  > EOF
  $ echo a > a
  $ hg add a
  $ hg commit -m a
  precommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=precommit HG_HOOKTYPE=precommit HG_PARENT1=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  pretxncommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxncommit HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxncommit HG_NODE=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b HG_PARENT1=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a
  0:cb9a9f314b8b
  pretxnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnclose HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a HG_PHASES_MOVED=1 HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  txnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=txnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=txnclose HG_PHASES_MOVED=1 HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  commit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b HG_PARENT1=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  commit.b hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit.b HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b HG_PARENT1=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000

  $ hg clone . ../b
  updating to branch default
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ cd ../b

changegroup hooks can see env vars

  $ cat > .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [hooks]
  > prechangegroup = sh -c "printenv.py prechangegroup"
  > changegroup = sh -c "printenv.py changegroup"
  > incoming = sh -c "printenv.py incoming"
  > EOF

pretxncommit and commit hooks can see both parents of merge

  $ cd ../a
  $ echo b >> a
  $ hg commit -m a1 -d "1 0"
  precommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=precommit HG_HOOKTYPE=precommit HG_PARENT1=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  pretxncommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxncommit HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxncommit HG_NODE=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd HG_PARENT1=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a
  1:ab228980c14d
  pretxnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnclose HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  txnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=txnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=txnclose HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  commit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd HG_PARENT1=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b
  commit.b hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit.b HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd HG_PARENT1=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b
  $ hg update -C 0
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ echo b > b
  $ hg add b
  $ hg commit -m b -d '1 0'
  precommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=precommit HG_HOOKTYPE=precommit HG_PARENT1=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  pretxncommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxncommit HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxncommit HG_NODE=ee9deb46ab31e4cc3310f3cf0c3d668e4d8fffc2 HG_PARENT1=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a
  2:ee9deb46ab31
  pretxnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnclose HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  created new head
  txnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=txnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=txnclose HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  commit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=ee9deb46ab31e4cc3310f3cf0c3d668e4d8fffc2 HG_PARENT1=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b
  commit.b hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit.b HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=ee9deb46ab31e4cc3310f3cf0c3d668e4d8fffc2 HG_PARENT1=cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b
  $ hg merge 1
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  (branch merge, don't forget to commit)
  $ hg commit -m merge -d '2 0'
  precommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=precommit HG_HOOKTYPE=precommit HG_PARENT1=ee9deb46ab31e4cc3310f3cf0c3d668e4d8fffc2 HG_PARENT2=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  pretxncommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxncommit HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxncommit HG_NODE=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2 HG_PARENT1=ee9deb46ab31e4cc3310f3cf0c3d668e4d8fffc2 HG_PARENT2=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a
  3:07f3376c1e65
  pretxnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnclose HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  txnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=txnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=txnclose HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  commit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2 HG_PARENT1=ee9deb46ab31e4cc3310f3cf0c3d668e4d8fffc2 HG_PARENT2=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd
  commit.b hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit.b HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2 HG_PARENT1=ee9deb46ab31e4cc3310f3cf0c3d668e4d8fffc2 HG_PARENT2=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd

test generic hooks

  $ hg id
  pre-identify hook: HG_ARGS=id HG_HOOKNAME=pre-identify HG_HOOKTYPE=pre-identify HG_OPTS={'bookmarks': None, 'branch': None, 'id': None, 'insecure': None, 'num': None, 'remotecmd': '', 'rev': '', 'ssh': '', 'tags': None, 'template': ''} HG_PATS=[]
  abort: pre-identify hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ hg cat b
  pre-cat hook: HG_ARGS=cat b HG_HOOKNAME=pre-cat HG_HOOKTYPE=pre-cat HG_OPTS={'decode': None, 'exclude': [], 'include': [], 'output': '', 'rev': '', 'template': ''} HG_PATS=['b']
  b
  post-cat hook: HG_ARGS=cat b HG_HOOKNAME=post-cat HG_HOOKTYPE=post-cat HG_OPTS={'decode': None, 'exclude': [], 'include': [], 'output': '', 'rev': '', 'template': ''} HG_PATS=['b'] HG_RESULT=0

  $ cd ../b
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  prechangegroup hook: HG_HOOKNAME=prechangegroup HG_HOOKTYPE=prechangegroup HG_SOURCE=pull HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 3 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  new changesets ab228980c14d:07f3376c1e65
  changegroup hook: HG_HOOKNAME=changegroup HG_HOOKTYPE=changegroup HG_NODE=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd HG_NODE_LAST=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2 HG_SOURCE=pull HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  incoming hook: HG_HOOKNAME=incoming HG_HOOKTYPE=incoming HG_NODE=ab228980c14deea8b9555d91c9581127383e40fd HG_SOURCE=pull HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  incoming hook: HG_HOOKNAME=incoming HG_HOOKTYPE=incoming HG_NODE=ee9deb46ab31e4cc3310f3cf0c3d668e4d8fffc2 HG_SOURCE=pull HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  incoming hook: HG_HOOKNAME=incoming HG_HOOKTYPE=incoming HG_NODE=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2 HG_SOURCE=pull HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  (run 'hg update' to get a working copy)

tag hooks can see env vars

  $ cd ../a
  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > pretag = sh -c "printenv.py pretag"
  > tag = sh -c "HG_PARENT1= HG_PARENT2= printenv.py tag"
  > EOF
  $ hg tag -d '3 0' a
  pretag hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretag HG_HOOKTYPE=pretag HG_LOCAL=0 HG_NODE=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2 HG_TAG=a
  precommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=precommit HG_HOOKTYPE=precommit HG_PARENT1=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  pretxncommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxncommit HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxncommit HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_PARENT1=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2 HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a
  4:539e4b31b6dc
  pretxnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnclose HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  tag hook: HG_HOOKNAME=tag HG_HOOKTYPE=tag HG_LOCAL=0 HG_NODE=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2 HG_TAG=a
  txnclose hook: HG_HOOKNAME=txnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=txnclose HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  commit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_PARENT1=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2
  commit.b hook: HG_HOOKNAME=commit.b HG_HOOKTYPE=commit HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_PARENT1=07f3376c1e655977439df2a814e3cc14b27abac2
  $ hg tag -l la
  pretag hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretag HG_HOOKTYPE=pretag HG_LOCAL=1 HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_TAG=la
  tag hook: HG_HOOKNAME=tag HG_HOOKTYPE=tag HG_LOCAL=1 HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_TAG=la

pretag hook can forbid tagging

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > pretag.forbid = sh -c "printenv.py pretag.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ hg tag -d '4 0' fa
  pretag hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretag HG_HOOKTYPE=pretag HG_LOCAL=0 HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_TAG=fa
  pretag.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretag.forbid HG_HOOKTYPE=pretag HG_LOCAL=0 HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_TAG=fa
  abort: pretag.forbid hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ hg tag -l fla
  pretag hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretag HG_HOOKTYPE=pretag HG_LOCAL=1 HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_TAG=fla
  pretag.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretag.forbid HG_HOOKTYPE=pretag HG_LOCAL=1 HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_TAG=fla
  abort: pretag.forbid hook exited with status 1
  [255]

pretxncommit hook can see changeset, can roll back txn, changeset no
more there after

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > pretxncommit.forbid0 = sh -c "hg tip -q"
  > pretxncommit.forbid1 = sh -c "printenv.py pretxncommit.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ echo z > z
  $ hg add z
  $ hg -q tip
  4:539e4b31b6dc
  $ hg commit -m 'fail' -d '4 0'
  precommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=precommit HG_HOOKTYPE=precommit HG_PARENT1=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  pretxncommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxncommit HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxncommit HG_NODE=6f611f8018c10e827fee6bd2bc807f937e761567 HG_PARENT1=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a
  5:6f611f8018c1
  5:6f611f8018c1
  pretxncommit.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxncommit.forbid1 HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxncommit HG_NODE=6f611f8018c10e827fee6bd2bc807f937e761567 HG_PARENT1=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a
  transaction abort!
  txnabort Python hook: txnid,txnname
  txnabort hook: HG_HOOKNAME=txnabort.1 HG_HOOKTYPE=txnabort HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=commit
  rollback completed
  abort: pretxncommit.forbid1 hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ hg -q tip
  4:539e4b31b6dc

(Check that no 'changelog.i.a' file were left behind)

  $ ls -1 .hg/store/
  00changelog.i
  00manifest.i
  data
  fncache
  journal.phaseroots
  phaseroots
  undo
  undo.backup.fncache
  undo.backupfiles
  undo.phaseroots


precommit hook can prevent commit

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > precommit.forbid = sh -c "printenv.py precommit.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ hg commit -m 'fail' -d '4 0'
  precommit hook: HG_HOOKNAME=precommit HG_HOOKTYPE=precommit HG_PARENT1=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10
  precommit.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=precommit.forbid HG_HOOKTYPE=precommit HG_PARENT1=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10
  abort: precommit.forbid hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ hg -q tip
  4:539e4b31b6dc

preupdate hook can prevent update

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > preupdate = sh -c "printenv.py preupdate"
  > EOF
  $ hg update 1
  preupdate hook: HG_HOOKNAME=preupdate HG_HOOKTYPE=preupdate HG_PARENT1=ab228980c14d
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 2 files removed, 0 files unresolved

update hook

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > update = sh -c "printenv.py update"
  > EOF
  $ hg update
  preupdate hook: HG_HOOKNAME=preupdate HG_HOOKTYPE=preupdate HG_PARENT1=539e4b31b6dc
  update hook: HG_ERROR=0 HG_HOOKNAME=update HG_HOOKTYPE=update HG_PARENT1=539e4b31b6dc
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

pushkey hook

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > pushkey = sh -c "printenv.py pushkey"
  > EOF
  $ cd ../b
  $ hg bookmark -r null foo
  $ hg push -B foo ../a
  pushing to ../a
  searching for changes
  no changes found
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=push
  pretxnclose hook: HG_BOOKMARK_MOVED=1 HG_BUNDLE2=1 HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnclose HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a HG_SOURCE=push HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=push HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  pushkey hook: HG_BUNDLE2=1 HG_HOOKNAME=pushkey HG_HOOKTYPE=pushkey HG_KEY=foo HG_NAMESPACE=bookmarks HG_NEW=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 HG_PUSHKEYCOMPAT=1 HG_SOURCE=push HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  txnclose hook: HG_BOOKMARK_MOVED=1 HG_BUNDLE2=1 HG_HOOKNAME=txnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=txnclose HG_SOURCE=push HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=push HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  exporting bookmark foo
  [1]
  $ cd ../a

listkeys hook

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > listkeys = sh -c "printenv.py listkeys"
  > EOF
  $ hg bookmark -r null bar
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=bookmark
  pretxnclose hook: HG_BOOKMARK_MOVED=1 HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnclose HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=bookmark
  txnclose hook: HG_BOOKMARK_MOVED=1 HG_HOOKNAME=txnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=txnclose HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=bookmark
  $ cd ../b
  $ hg pull -B bar ../a
  pulling from ../a
  listkeys hook: HG_HOOKNAME=listkeys HG_HOOKTYPE=listkeys HG_NAMESPACE=bookmarks HG_VALUES={'bar': '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000', 'foo': '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000'}
  no changes found
  adding remote bookmark bar
  $ cd ../a

test that prepushkey can prevent incoming keys

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > prepushkey = sh -c "printenv.py prepushkey.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ cd ../b
  $ hg bookmark -r null baz
  $ hg push -B baz ../a
  pushing to ../a
  searching for changes
  listkeys hook: HG_HOOKNAME=listkeys HG_HOOKTYPE=listkeys HG_NAMESPACE=phases HG_VALUES={'cb9a9f314b8b07ba71012fcdbc544b5a4d82ff5b': '1', 'publishing': 'True'}
  listkeys hook: HG_HOOKNAME=listkeys HG_HOOKTYPE=listkeys HG_NAMESPACE=bookmarks HG_VALUES={'bar': '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000', 'foo': '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000'}
  no changes found
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=push
  prepushkey.forbid hook: HG_BUNDLE2=1 HG_HOOKNAME=prepushkey HG_HOOKTYPE=prepushkey HG_KEY=baz HG_NAMESPACE=bookmarks HG_NEW=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 HG_PUSHKEYCOMPAT=1 HG_SOURCE=push HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  abort: prepushkey hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ cd ../a

test that prelistkeys can prevent listing keys

  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > prelistkeys = sh -c "printenv.py prelistkeys.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ hg bookmark -r null quux
  pretxnopen hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnopen HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnopen HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=bookmark
  pretxnclose hook: HG_BOOKMARK_MOVED=1 HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnclose HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/a HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=bookmark
  txnclose hook: HG_BOOKMARK_MOVED=1 HG_HOOKNAME=txnclose HG_HOOKTYPE=txnclose HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_TXNNAME=bookmark
  $ cd ../b
  $ hg pull -B quux ../a
  pulling from ../a
  prelistkeys.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=prelistkeys HG_HOOKTYPE=prelistkeys HG_NAMESPACE=bookmarks
  abort: prelistkeys hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ cd ../a
  $ rm .hg/hgrc

prechangegroup hook can prevent incoming changes

  $ cd ../b
  $ hg -q tip
  3:07f3376c1e65
  $ cat > .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [hooks]
  > prechangegroup.forbid = sh -c "printenv.py prechangegroup.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  prechangegroup.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=prechangegroup.forbid HG_HOOKTYPE=prechangegroup HG_SOURCE=pull HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  abort: prechangegroup.forbid hook exited with status 1
  [255]

pretxnchangegroup hook can see incoming changes, can roll back txn,
incoming changes no longer there after

  $ cat > .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [hooks]
  > pretxnchangegroup.forbid0 = hg tip -q
  > pretxnchangegroup.forbid1 = sh -c "printenv.py pretxnchangegroup.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  4:539e4b31b6dc
  pretxnchangegroup.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=pretxnchangegroup.forbid1 HG_HOOKTYPE=pretxnchangegroup HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_NODE_LAST=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_PENDING=$TESTTMP/b HG_SOURCE=pull HG_TXNID=TXN:$ID$ HG_URL=file:$TESTTMP/a
  transaction abort!
  rollback completed
  abort: pretxnchangegroup.forbid1 hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ hg -q tip
  3:07f3376c1e65

outgoing hooks can see env vars

  $ rm .hg/hgrc
  $ cat > ../a/.hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [hooks]
  > preoutgoing = sh -c "printenv.py preoutgoing"
  > outgoing = sh -c "printenv.py outgoing"
  > EOF
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  preoutgoing hook: HG_HOOKNAME=preoutgoing HG_HOOKTYPE=preoutgoing HG_SOURCE=pull
  outgoing hook: HG_HOOKNAME=outgoing HG_HOOKTYPE=outgoing HG_NODE=539e4b31b6dc99b3cfbaa6b53cbc1c1f9a1e3a10 HG_SOURCE=pull
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  adding remote bookmark quux
  new changesets 539e4b31b6dc
  (run 'hg update' to get a working copy)
  $ hg rollback
  repository tip rolled back to revision 3 (undo pull)

preoutgoing hook can prevent outgoing changes

  $ cat >> ../a/.hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > preoutgoing.forbid = sh -c "printenv.py preoutgoing.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  preoutgoing hook: HG_HOOKNAME=preoutgoing HG_HOOKTYPE=preoutgoing HG_SOURCE=pull
  preoutgoing.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=preoutgoing.forbid HG_HOOKTYPE=preoutgoing HG_SOURCE=pull
  abort: preoutgoing.forbid hook exited with status 1
  [255]

outgoing hooks work for local clones

  $ cd ..
  $ cat > a/.hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [hooks]
  > preoutgoing = sh -c "printenv.py preoutgoing"
  > outgoing = sh -c "printenv.py outgoing"
  > EOF
  $ hg clone a c
  preoutgoing hook: HG_HOOKNAME=preoutgoing HG_HOOKTYPE=preoutgoing HG_SOURCE=clone
  outgoing hook: HG_HOOKNAME=outgoing HG_HOOKTYPE=outgoing HG_NODE=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 HG_SOURCE=clone
  updating to branch default
  3 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ rm -rf c

preoutgoing hook can prevent outgoing changes for local clones

  $ cat >> a/.hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > preoutgoing.forbid = sh -c "printenv.py preoutgoing.forbid 1"
  > EOF
  $ hg clone a zzz
  preoutgoing hook: HG_HOOKNAME=preoutgoing HG_HOOKTYPE=preoutgoing HG_SOURCE=clone
  preoutgoing.forbid hook: HG_HOOKNAME=preoutgoing.forbid HG_HOOKTYPE=preoutgoing HG_SOURCE=clone
  abort: preoutgoing.forbid hook exited with status 1
  [255]

  $ cd "$TESTTMP/b"

  $ cat > hooktests.py <<EOF
  > from __future__ import print_function
  > from mercurial import error
  > 
  > uncallable = 0
  > 
  > def printargs(ui, args):
  >     a = list(args.items())
  >     a.sort()
  >     ui.write(b'hook args:\n')
  >     for k, v in a:
  >        ui.write(b'  %s %s\n' % (k, v))
  > 
  > def passhook(ui, repo, **args):
  >     printargs(ui, args)
  > 
  > def failhook(ui, repo, **args):
  >     printargs(ui, args)
  >     return True
  > 
  > class LocalException(Exception):
  >     pass
  > 
  > def raisehook(**args):
  >     raise LocalException(b'exception from hook')
  > 
  > def aborthook(**args):
  >     raise error.Abort(b'raise abort from hook')
  > 
  > def brokenhook(**args):
  >     return 1 + {}
  > 
  > def verbosehook(ui, **args):
  >     ui.note(b'verbose output from hook\n')
  > 
  > def printtags(ui, repo, **args):
  >     ui.write(b'%s\n' % sorted(repo.tags()))
  > 
  > class container:
  >     unreachable = 1
  > EOF

  $ cat > syntaxerror.py << EOF
  > (foo
  > EOF

test python hooks

#if windows
  $ PYTHONPATH="$TESTTMP/b;$PYTHONPATH"
#else
  $ PYTHONPATH="$TESTTMP/b:$PYTHONPATH"
#endif
  $ export PYTHONPATH

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.broken = python:hooktests.brokenhook' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a 2>&1 | grep 'raised an exception'
  error: preoutgoing.broken hook raised an exception: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'dict'

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.raise = python:hooktests.raisehook' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a 2>&1 | grep 'raised an exception'
  error: preoutgoing.raise hook raised an exception: exception from hook

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.abort = python:hooktests.aborthook' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  error: preoutgoing.abort hook failed: raise abort from hook
  abort: raise abort from hook
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.fail = python:hooktests.failhook' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  hook args:
    hooktype preoutgoing
    source pull
  abort: preoutgoing.fail hook failed
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.uncallable = python:hooktests.uncallable' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  abort: preoutgoing.uncallable hook is invalid: "hooktests.uncallable" is not callable
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.nohook = python:hooktests.nohook' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  abort: preoutgoing.nohook hook is invalid: "hooktests.nohook" is not defined
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.nomodule = python:nomodule' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  abort: preoutgoing.nomodule hook is invalid: "nomodule" not in a module
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.badmodule = python:nomodule.nowhere' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  abort: preoutgoing.badmodule hook is invalid: import of "nomodule" failed
  (run with --traceback for stack trace)
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.unreachable = python:hooktests.container.unreachable' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  abort: preoutgoing.unreachable hook is invalid: import of "hooktests.container" failed
  (run with --traceback for stack trace)
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.syntaxerror = python:syntaxerror.syntaxerror' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  abort: preoutgoing.syntaxerror hook is invalid: import of "syntaxerror" failed
  (run with --traceback for stack trace)
  [255]

The second egrep is to filter out lines like '    ^', which are slightly
different between Python 2.6 and Python 2.7.
  $ hg pull ../a --traceback 2>&1 | egrep -v '^( +File|    [_a-zA-Z*(])' | egrep -v '^( )+(\^)?$'
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  exception from first failed import attempt:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  SyntaxError: * (glob)
  exception from second failed import attempt:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  ImportError: No module named hgext_syntaxerror
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  HookLoadError: preoutgoing.syntaxerror hook is invalid: import of "syntaxerror" failed
  abort: preoutgoing.syntaxerror hook is invalid: import of "syntaxerror" failed

  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'preoutgoing.pass = python:hooktests.passhook' >> ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  hook args:
    hooktype preoutgoing
    source pull
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  adding remote bookmark quux
  new changesets 539e4b31b6dc
  (run 'hg update' to get a working copy)

post- python hooks that fail to *run* don't cause an abort
  $ rm ../a/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'post-pull.broken = python:hooktests.brokenhook' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  no changes found
  error: post-pull.broken hook raised an exception: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'dict'
  (run with --traceback for stack trace)

but post- python hooks that fail to *load* do
  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'post-pull.nomodule = python:nomodule' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  no changes found
  abort: post-pull.nomodule hook is invalid: "nomodule" not in a module
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'post-pull.badmodule = python:nomodule.nowhere' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  no changes found
  abort: post-pull.badmodule hook is invalid: import of "nomodule" failed
  (run with --traceback for stack trace)
  [255]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'post-pull.nohook = python:hooktests.nohook' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ hg pull ../a
  pulling from ../a
  searching for changes
  no changes found
  abort: post-pull.nohook hook is invalid: "hooktests.nohook" is not defined
  [255]

make sure --traceback works

  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'commit.abort = python:hooktests.aborthook' >> .hg/hgrc

  $ echo aa > a
  $ hg --traceback commit -d '0 0' -ma 2>&1 | grep '^Traceback'
  Traceback (most recent call last):

  $ cd ..
  $ hg init c
  $ cd c

  $ cat > hookext.py <<EOF
  > def autohook(ui, **args):
  >     ui.write('Automatically installed hook\n')
  > 
  > def reposetup(ui, repo):
  >     repo.ui.setconfig("hooks", "commit.auto", autohook)
  > EOF
  $ echo '[extensions]' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'hookext = hookext.py' >> .hg/hgrc

  $ touch foo
  $ hg add foo
  $ hg ci -d '0 0' -m 'add foo'
  Automatically installed hook
  $ echo >> foo
  $ hg ci --debug -d '0 0' -m 'change foo'
  committing files:
  foo
  committing manifest
  committing changelog
  updating the branch cache
  committed changeset 1:52998019f6252a2b893452765fcb0a47351a5708
  calling hook commit.auto: hgext_hookext.autohook
  Automatically installed hook

  $ hg showconfig hooks
  hooks.commit.auto=<function autohook at *> (glob)

test python hook configured with python:[file]:[hook] syntax

  $ cd ..
  $ mkdir d
  $ cd d
  $ hg init repo
  $ mkdir hooks

  $ cd hooks
  $ cat > testhooks.py <<EOF
  > def testhook(ui, **args):
  >     ui.write(b'hook works\n')
  > EOF
  $ echo '[hooks]' > ../repo/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo "pre-commit.test = python:`pwd`/testhooks.py:testhook" >> ../repo/.hg/hgrc

  $ cd ../repo
  $ hg commit -d '0 0'
  hook works
  nothing changed
  [1]

  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo "update.ne = python:`pwd`/nonexistent.py:testhook" >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo "pre-identify.npmd = python:`pwd`/:no_python_module_dir" >> .hg/hgrc

  $ hg up null
  loading update.ne hook failed:
  abort: $ENOENT$: $TESTTMP/d/repo/nonexistent.py
  [255]

  $ hg id
  loading pre-identify.npmd hook failed:
  abort: No module named repo!
  [255]

  $ cd ../../b

make sure --traceback works on hook import failure

  $ cat > importfail.py <<EOF
  > import somebogusmodule
  > # dereference something in the module to force demandimport to load it
  > somebogusmodule.whatever
  > EOF

  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'precommit.importfail = python:importfail.whatever' >> .hg/hgrc

  $ echo a >> a
  $ hg --traceback commit -ma 2>&1 | egrep -v '^( +File|    [a-zA-Z(])'
  exception from first failed import attempt:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  ImportError: No module named somebogusmodule
  exception from second failed import attempt:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  ImportError: No module named hgext_importfail
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  HookLoadError: precommit.importfail hook is invalid: import of "importfail" failed
  abort: precommit.importfail hook is invalid: import of "importfail" failed

Issue1827: Hooks Update & Commit not completely post operation

commit and update hooks should run after command completion.  The largefiles
use demonstrates a recursive wlock, showing the hook doesn't run until the
final release (and dirstate flush).

  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'commit = hg id' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'update = hg id' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo bb > a
  $ hg ci -ma
  223eafe2750c tip
  $ hg up 0 --config extensions.largefiles=
  The fsmonitor extension is incompatible with the largefiles extension and has been disabled. (fsmonitor !)
  cb9a9f314b8b
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

make sure --verbose (and --quiet/--debug etc.) are propagated to the local ui
that is passed to pre/post hooks

  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'pre-identify = python:hooktests.verbosehook' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ hg id
  cb9a9f314b8b
  $ hg id --verbose
  calling hook pre-identify: hooktests.verbosehook
  verbose output from hook
  cb9a9f314b8b

Ensure hooks can be prioritized

  $ echo '[hooks]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'pre-identify.a = python:hooktests.verbosehook' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'pre-identify.b = python:hooktests.verbosehook' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'priority.pre-identify.b = 1' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'pre-identify.c = python:hooktests.verbosehook' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ hg id --verbose
  calling hook pre-identify.b: hooktests.verbosehook
  verbose output from hook
  calling hook pre-identify.a: hooktests.verbosehook
  verbose output from hook
  calling hook pre-identify.c: hooktests.verbosehook
  verbose output from hook
  cb9a9f314b8b

new tags must be visible in pretxncommit (issue3210)

  $ echo 'pretxncommit.printtags = python:hooktests.printtags' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ hg tag -f foo
  ['a', 'foo', 'tip']

post-init hooks must not crash (issue4983)
This also creates the `to` repo for the next test block.

  $ cd ..
  $ cat << EOF >> hgrc-with-post-init-hook
  > [hooks]
  > post-init = sh -c "printenv.py post-init"
  > EOF
  $ HGRCPATH=hgrc-with-post-init-hook hg init to
  post-init hook: HG_ARGS=init to HG_HOOKNAME=post-init HG_HOOKTYPE=post-init HG_OPTS={'insecure': None, 'remotecmd': '', 'ssh': ''} HG_PATS=['to'] HG_RESULT=0

new commits must be visible in pretxnchangegroup (issue3428)

  $ echo '[hooks]' >> to/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'prechangegroup = hg --traceback tip' >> to/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'pretxnchangegroup = hg --traceback tip' >> to/.hg/hgrc
  $ echo a >> to/a
  $ hg --cwd to ci -Ama
  adding a
  $ hg clone to from
  updating to branch default
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ echo aa >> from/a
  $ hg --cwd from ci -mb
  $ hg --cwd from push
  pushing to $TESTTMP/to
  searching for changes
  changeset:   0:cb9a9f314b8b
  tag:         tip
  user:        test
  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  summary:     a
  
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  changeset:   1:9836a07b9b9d
  tag:         tip
  user:        test
  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  summary:     b
  

pretxnclose hook failure should abort the transaction

  $ hg init txnfailure
  $ cd txnfailure
  $ touch a && hg commit -Aqm a
  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [hooks]
  > pretxnclose.error = exit 1
  > EOF
  $ hg strip -r 0 --config extensions.strip=
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 1 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  saved backup bundle to * (glob)
  transaction abort!
  rollback completed
  strip failed, backup bundle stored in * (glob)
  abort: pretxnclose.error hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ hg recover
  no interrupted transaction available
  [1]
  $ cd ..

check whether HG_PENDING makes pending changes only in related
repositories visible to an external hook.

(emulate a transaction running concurrently by copied
.hg/store/00changelog.i.a in subsequent test)

  $ cat > $TESTTMP/savepending.sh <<EOF
  > cp .hg/store/00changelog.i.a  .hg/store/00changelog.i.a.saved
  > exit 1 # to avoid adding new revision for subsequent tests
  > EOF
  $ cd a
  $ hg tip -q
  4:539e4b31b6dc
  $ hg --config hooks.pretxnclose="sh $TESTTMP/savepending.sh" commit -m "invisible"
  transaction abort!
  rollback completed
  abort: pretxnclose hook exited with status 1
  [255]
  $ cp .hg/store/00changelog.i.a.saved .hg/store/00changelog.i.a

(check (in)visibility of new changeset while transaction running in
repo)

  $ cat > $TESTTMP/checkpending.sh <<EOF
  > echo '@a'
  > hg -R "$TESTTMP/a" tip -q
  > echo '@a/nested'
  > hg -R "$TESTTMP/a/nested" tip -q
  > exit 1 # to avoid adding new revision for subsequent tests
  > EOF
  $ hg init nested
  $ cd nested
  $ echo a > a
  $ hg add a
  $ hg --config hooks.pretxnclose="sh $TESTTMP/checkpending.sh" commit -m '#0'
  @a
  4:539e4b31b6dc
  @a/nested
  0:bf5e395ced2c
  transaction abort!
  rollback completed
  abort: pretxnclose hook exited with status 1
  [255]

Hook from untrusted hgrc are reported as failure
================================================

  $ cat << EOF > $TESTTMP/untrusted.py
  > from mercurial import scmutil, util
  > def uisetup(ui):
  >     class untrustedui(ui.__class__):
  >         def _trusted(self, fp, f):
  >             if util.normpath(fp.name).endswith(b'untrusted/.hg/hgrc'):
  >                 return False
  >             return super(untrustedui, self)._trusted(fp, f)
  >     ui.__class__ = untrustedui
  > EOF
  $ cat << EOF >> $HGRCPATH
  > [extensions]
  > untrusted=$TESTTMP/untrusted.py
  > EOF
  $ hg init untrusted
  $ cd untrusted

Non-blocking hook
-----------------

  $ cat << EOF >> .hg/hgrc
  > [hooks]
  > txnclose.testing=echo txnclose hook called
  > EOF
  $ touch a && hg commit -Aqm a
  warning: untrusted hook txnclose.testing not executed
  $ hg log
  changeset:   0:3903775176ed
  tag:         tip
  user:        test
  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  summary:     a
  

Non-blocking hook
-----------------

  $ cat << EOF >> .hg/hgrc
  > [hooks]
  > pretxnclose.testing=echo pre-txnclose hook called
  > EOF
  $ touch b && hg commit -Aqm a
  transaction abort!
  rollback completed
  abort: untrusted hook pretxnclose.testing not executed
  (see 'hg help config.trusted')
  [255]
  $ hg log
  changeset:   0:3903775176ed
  tag:         tip
  user:        test
  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  summary:     a