tests/test-atomictempfile.py

cborutil: implement sans I/O decoder

The vendored CBOR package decodes by calling read(n) on an object.
There are a number of disadvantages to this:

* Uses blocking I/O. If sufficient data is not available, the decoder
  will hang until it is.
* No support for partial reads. If the read(n) returns less data than
  requested, the decoder raises an error.
* Requires the use of a file like object. If the original data is in
  say a buffer, we need to "cast" it to e.g. a BytesIO to appease the
  decoder.

In addition, the vendored CBOR decoder doesn't provide flexibility
that we desire. Specifically:

* It buffers indefinite length bytestrings instead of streaming them.
* It doesn't allow limiting the set of types that can be decoded. This
  property is useful when implementing a "hardened" decoder that is
  less susceptible to abusive input.
* It doesn't provide sufficient "hook points" and introspection to
  institute checks around behavior. These are useful for implementing
  a "hardened" decoder.

This all adds up to a reasonable set of justifications for writing our
own decoder.

So, this commit implements our own CBOR decoder.

At the heart of the decoder is a function that decodes a single "item"
from a buffer. This item can be a complete simple value or a special
value, such as "start of array." Using this function, we can build a
decoder that effectively iterates over the stream of decoded items and
builds up higher-level values, such as arrays, maps, sets, and indefinite
length bytestrings. And we can do this without performing I/O in the
decoder itself.

The core of the sans I/O decoder will probably not be used directly.
Instead, it is expected that we'll build utility functions for invoking
the decoder given specific input types. This will allow extreme
flexibility in how data is delivered to the decoder.

I'm pretty happy with the state of the decoder modulo the TODO items
to track wanted features to help with a "hardened" decoder. The one
thing I could be convinced to change is the handling of semantic tags.
Since we only support a single semantic tag (sets), I thought it would
be easier to handle them inline in decodeitem(). This is simpler now.
But if we add support for other semantic tags, it will likely be easier
to move semantic tag handling outside of decodeitem(). But, properly
supporting semantic tags opens up a whole can of worms, as many
semantic tags imply new types. I'm optimistic we won't need these in
Mercurial. But who knows.

I'm also pretty happy with the test coverage. Writing comprehensive
tests for partial decoding did flush out a handful of bugs. One
general improvement to testing would be fuzz testing for partial
decoding. I may implement that later. I also anticipate switching the
wire protocol code to this new decoder will flush out any lingering
bugs.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D4414

from __future__ import absolute_import

import glob
import os
import shutil
import stat
import tempfile
import unittest

from mercurial import (
    pycompat,
    util,
)
atomictempfile = util.atomictempfile

if pycompat.ispy3:
    xrange = range

class testatomictempfile(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        self._testdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(b'atomictempfiletest')
        self._filename = os.path.join(self._testdir, b'testfilename')

    def tearDown(self):
        shutil.rmtree(self._testdir, True)

    def testsimple(self):
        file = atomictempfile(self._filename)
        self.assertFalse(os.path.isfile(self._filename))
        tempfilename = file._tempname
        self.assertTrue(tempfilename in glob.glob(
            os.path.join(self._testdir, b'.testfilename-*')))

        file.write(b'argh\n')
        file.close()

        self.assertTrue(os.path.isfile(self._filename))
        self.assertTrue(tempfilename not in glob.glob(
            os.path.join(self._testdir, b'.testfilename-*')))

    # discard() removes the temp file without making the write permanent
    def testdiscard(self):
        file = atomictempfile(self._filename)
        (dir, basename) = os.path.split(file._tempname)

        file.write(b'yo\n')
        file.discard()

        self.assertFalse(os.path.isfile(self._filename))
        self.assertTrue(basename not in os.listdir(b'.'))

    # if a programmer screws up and passes bad args to atomictempfile, they
    # get a plain ordinary TypeError, not infinite recursion
    def testoops(self):
        with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
            atomictempfile()

    # checkambig=True avoids ambiguity of timestamp
    def testcheckambig(self):
        def atomicwrite(checkambig):
            f = atomictempfile(self._filename, checkambig=checkambig)
            f.write(b'FOO')
            f.close()

        # try some times, because reproduction of ambiguity depends on
        # "filesystem time"
        for i in xrange(5):
            atomicwrite(False)
            oldstat = os.stat(self._filename)
            if oldstat[stat.ST_CTIME] != oldstat[stat.ST_MTIME]:
                # subsequent changing never causes ambiguity
                continue

            repetition = 3

            # repeat atomic write with checkambig=True, to examine
            # whether st_mtime is advanced multiple times as expected
            for j in xrange(repetition):
                atomicwrite(True)
            newstat = os.stat(self._filename)
            if oldstat[stat.ST_CTIME] != newstat[stat.ST_CTIME]:
                # timestamp ambiguity was naturally avoided while repetition
                continue

            # st_mtime should be advanced "repetition" times, because
            # all atomicwrite() occurred at same time (in sec)
            oldtime = (oldstat[stat.ST_MTIME] + repetition) & 0x7fffffff
            self.assertTrue(newstat[stat.ST_MTIME] == oldtime)
            # no more examination is needed, if assumption above is true
            break
        else:
            # This platform seems too slow to examine anti-ambiguity
            # of file timestamp (or test happened to be executed at
            # bad timing). Exit silently in this case, because running
            # on other faster platforms can detect problems
            pass

    def testread(self):
        with open(self._filename, 'wb') as f:
            f.write(b'foobar\n')
        file = atomictempfile(self._filename, mode=b'rb')
        self.assertTrue(file.read(), b'foobar\n')
        file.discard()

    def testcontextmanagersuccess(self):
        """When the context closes, the file is closed"""
        with atomictempfile(b'foo') as f:
            self.assertFalse(os.path.isfile(b'foo'))
            f.write(b'argh\n')
        self.assertTrue(os.path.isfile(b'foo'))

    def testcontextmanagerfailure(self):
        """On exception, the file is discarded"""
        try:
            with atomictempfile(b'foo') as f:
                self.assertFalse(os.path.isfile(b'foo'))
                f.write(b'argh\n')
                raise ValueError
        except ValueError:
            pass
        self.assertFalse(os.path.isfile(b'foo'))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import silenttestrunner
    silenttestrunner.main(__name__)