mercurial/profiling.py

revlog: add a mechanism to verify expected file position before appending

If someone uses `hg debuglocks`, or some non-hg process writes to the .hg
directory without respecting the locks, or if the repo's on a networked
filesystem, it's possible for the revlog code to write out corrupted data.

The form of this corruption can vary depending on what data was written and how
that happened. We are in the "networked filesystem" case (though I've had users
also do this to themselves with the "`hg debuglocks`" scenario), and most often
see this with the changelog. What ends up happening is we produce two items
(let's call them rev1 and rev2) in the .i file that have the same linkrev,
baserev, and offset into the .d file, while the data in the .d file is appended
properly. rev2's compressed_size is accurate for rev2, but when we go to
decompress the data in the .d file, we use the offset that's recorded in the
index file, which is the same as rev1, and attempt to decompress
rev2.compressed_size bytes of rev1's data. This usually does not succeed. :)

When using inline data, this also fails, though I haven't investigated why too
closely. This shows up as a "patch decode" error. I believe what's happening
there is that we're basically ignoring the offset field, getting the data
properly, but since baserev != rev, it thinks this is a delta based on rev
(instead of a full text) and can't actually apply it as such.

For now, I'm going to make this an optional component and default it to entirely
off. I may increase the default severity of this in the future, once I've
enabled it for my users and we gain more experience with it. Luckily, most of my
users have a versioned filesystem and can roll back to before the corruption has
been written, it's just a hassle to do so and not everyone knows how (so it's a
support burden). Users on other filesystems will not have that luxury, and this
can cause them to have a corrupted repository that they are unlikely to know how
to resolve, and they'll see this as a data-loss event. Refusing to create the
corruption is a much better user experience.

This mechanism is not perfect. There may be false-negatives (racy writes that
are not detected). There should not be any false-positives (non-racy writes that
are detected as such). This is not a mechanism that makes putting a repo on a
networked filesystem "safe" or "supported", just *less* likely to cause
corruption.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D9952

# profiling.py - profiling functions
#
# Copyright 2016 Gregory Szorc <[e-mail]>
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.

from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function

import contextlib

from .i18n import _
from .pycompat import (
    getattr,
    open,
)
from . import (
    encoding,
    error,
    extensions,
    pycompat,
    util,
)


def _loadprofiler(ui, profiler):
    """load profiler extension. return profile method, or None on failure"""
    extname = profiler
    extensions.loadall(ui, whitelist=[extname])
    try:
        mod = extensions.find(extname)
    except KeyError:
        return None
    else:
        return getattr(mod, 'profile', None)


@contextlib.contextmanager
def lsprofile(ui, fp):
    format = ui.config(b'profiling', b'format')
    field = ui.config(b'profiling', b'sort')
    limit = ui.configint(b'profiling', b'limit')
    climit = ui.configint(b'profiling', b'nested')

    if format not in [b'text', b'kcachegrind']:
        ui.warn(_(b"unrecognized profiling format '%s' - Ignored\n") % format)
        format = b'text'

    try:
        from . import lsprof
    except ImportError:
        raise error.Abort(
            _(
                b'lsprof not available - install from '
                b'http://codespeak.net/svn/user/arigo/hack/misc/lsprof/'
            )
        )
    p = lsprof.Profiler()
    p.enable(subcalls=True)
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        p.disable()

        if format == b'kcachegrind':
            from . import lsprofcalltree

            calltree = lsprofcalltree.KCacheGrind(p)
            calltree.output(fp)
        else:
            # format == 'text'
            stats = lsprof.Stats(p.getstats())
            stats.sort(pycompat.sysstr(field))
            stats.pprint(limit=limit, file=fp, climit=climit)


@contextlib.contextmanager
def flameprofile(ui, fp):
    try:
        from flamegraph import flamegraph  # pytype: disable=import-error
    except ImportError:
        raise error.Abort(
            _(
                b'flamegraph not available - install from '
                b'https://github.com/evanhempel/python-flamegraph'
            )
        )
    # developer config: profiling.freq
    freq = ui.configint(b'profiling', b'freq')
    filter_ = None
    collapse_recursion = True
    thread = flamegraph.ProfileThread(
        fp, 1.0 / freq, filter_, collapse_recursion
    )
    start_time = util.timer()
    try:
        thread.start()
        yield
    finally:
        thread.stop()
        thread.join()
        print(
            b'Collected %d stack frames (%d unique) in %2.2f seconds.'
            % (
                util.timer() - start_time,
                thread.num_frames(),
                thread.num_frames(unique=True),
            )
        )


@contextlib.contextmanager
def statprofile(ui, fp):
    from . import statprof

    freq = ui.configint(b'profiling', b'freq')
    if freq > 0:
        # Cannot reset when profiler is already active. So silently no-op.
        if statprof.state.profile_level == 0:
            statprof.reset(freq)
    else:
        ui.warn(_(b"invalid sampling frequency '%s' - ignoring\n") % freq)

    track = ui.config(
        b'profiling', b'time-track', pycompat.iswindows and b'cpu' or b'real'
    )
    statprof.start(mechanism=b'thread', track=track)

    try:
        yield
    finally:
        data = statprof.stop()

        profformat = ui.config(b'profiling', b'statformat')

        formats = {
            b'byline': statprof.DisplayFormats.ByLine,
            b'bymethod': statprof.DisplayFormats.ByMethod,
            b'hotpath': statprof.DisplayFormats.Hotpath,
            b'json': statprof.DisplayFormats.Json,
            b'chrome': statprof.DisplayFormats.Chrome,
        }

        if profformat in formats:
            displayformat = formats[profformat]
        else:
            ui.warn(_(b'unknown profiler output format: %s\n') % profformat)
            displayformat = statprof.DisplayFormats.Hotpath

        kwargs = {}

        def fraction(s):
            if isinstance(s, (float, int)):
                return float(s)
            if s.endswith(b'%'):
                v = float(s[:-1]) / 100
            else:
                v = float(s)
            if 0 <= v <= 1:
                return v
            raise ValueError(s)

        if profformat == b'chrome':
            showmin = ui.configwith(fraction, b'profiling', b'showmin', 0.005)
            showmax = ui.configwith(fraction, b'profiling', b'showmax')
            kwargs.update(minthreshold=showmin, maxthreshold=showmax)
        elif profformat == b'hotpath':
            # inconsistent config: profiling.showmin
            limit = ui.configwith(fraction, b'profiling', b'showmin', 0.05)
            kwargs['limit'] = limit
            showtime = ui.configbool(b'profiling', b'showtime')
            kwargs['showtime'] = showtime

        statprof.display(fp, data=data, format=displayformat, **kwargs)


class profile(object):
    """Start profiling.

    Profiling is active when the context manager is active. When the context
    manager exits, profiling results will be written to the configured output.
    """

    def __init__(self, ui, enabled=True):
        self._ui = ui
        self._output = None
        self._fp = None
        self._fpdoclose = True
        self._flushfp = None
        self._profiler = None
        self._enabled = enabled
        self._entered = False
        self._started = False

    def __enter__(self):
        self._entered = True
        if self._enabled:
            self.start()
        return self

    def start(self):
        """Start profiling.

        The profiling will stop at the context exit.

        If the profiler was already started, this has no effect."""
        if not self._entered:
            raise error.ProgrammingError(b'use a context manager to start')
        if self._started:
            return
        self._started = True
        profiler = encoding.environ.get(b'HGPROF')
        proffn = None
        if profiler is None:
            profiler = self._ui.config(b'profiling', b'type')
        if profiler not in (b'ls', b'stat', b'flame'):
            # try load profiler from extension with the same name
            proffn = _loadprofiler(self._ui, profiler)
            if proffn is None:
                self._ui.warn(
                    _(b"unrecognized profiler '%s' - ignored\n") % profiler
                )
                profiler = b'stat'

        self._output = self._ui.config(b'profiling', b'output')

        try:
            if self._output == b'blackbox':
                self._fp = util.stringio()
            elif self._output:
                path = self._ui.expandpath(self._output)
                self._fp = open(path, b'wb')
            elif pycompat.iswindows:
                # parse escape sequence by win32print()
                class uifp(object):
                    def __init__(self, ui):
                        self._ui = ui

                    def write(self, data):
                        self._ui.write_err(data)

                    def flush(self):
                        self._ui.flush()

                self._fpdoclose = False
                self._fp = uifp(self._ui)
            else:
                self._fpdoclose = False
                self._fp = self._ui.ferr
                # Ensure we've flushed fout before writing to ferr.
                self._flushfp = self._ui.fout

            if proffn is not None:
                pass
            elif profiler == b'ls':
                proffn = lsprofile
            elif profiler == b'flame':
                proffn = flameprofile
            else:
                proffn = statprofile

            self._profiler = proffn(self._ui, self._fp)
            self._profiler.__enter__()
        except:  # re-raises
            self._closefp()
            raise

    def __exit__(self, exception_type, exception_value, traceback):
        propagate = None
        if self._profiler is not None:
            self._uiflush()
            propagate = self._profiler.__exit__(
                exception_type, exception_value, traceback
            )
            if self._output == b'blackbox':
                val = b'Profile:\n%s' % self._fp.getvalue()
                # ui.log treats the input as a format string,
                # so we need to escape any % signs.
                val = val.replace(b'%', b'%%')
                self._ui.log(b'profile', val)
        self._closefp()
        return propagate

    def _closefp(self):
        if self._fpdoclose and self._fp is not None:
            self._fp.close()

    def _uiflush(self):
        if self._flushfp:
            self._flushfp.flush()