mercurial/helptext/glossary.txt
author Raphaël Gomès <rgomes@octobus.net>
Thu, 01 Sep 2022 16:51:26 +0200
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parent 43632 2e017696181f
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branching: merge stable into default
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Ancestor
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    Any changeset that can be reached by an unbroken chain of parent
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    changesets from a given changeset. More precisely, the ancestors
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    of a changeset can be defined by two properties: a parent of a
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    changeset is an ancestor, and a parent of an ancestor is an
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    ancestor. See also: 'Descendant'.
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Bookmark
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    Bookmarks are pointers to certain commits that move when
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    committing. They are similar to tags in that it is possible to use
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    bookmark names in all places where Mercurial expects a changeset
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    ID, e.g., with :hg:`update`. Unlike tags, bookmarks move along
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    when you make a commit.
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    Bookmarks can be renamed, copied and deleted. Bookmarks are local,
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    unless they are explicitly pushed or pulled between repositories.
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    Pushing and pulling bookmarks allow you to collaborate with others
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    on a branch without creating a named branch.
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Branch
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    (Noun) A child changeset that has been created from a parent that
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    is not a head. These are known as topological branches, see
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    'Branch, topological'. If a topological branch is named, it becomes
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    a named branch. If a topological branch is not named, it becomes
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    an anonymous branch. See 'Branch, anonymous' and 'Branch, named'.
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    Branches may be created when changes are pulled from or pushed to
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    a remote repository, since new heads may be created by these
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    operations. Note that the term branch can also be used informally
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    to describe a development process in which certain development is
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    done independently of other development. This is sometimes done
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    explicitly with a named branch, but it can also be done locally,
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    using bookmarks or clones and anonymous branches.
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    Example: "The experimental branch."
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    (Verb) The action of creating a child changeset which results in
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    its parent having more than one child.
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    Example: "I'm going to branch at X."
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Branch, anonymous
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    Every time a new child changeset is created from a parent that is not
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    a head and the name of the branch is not changed, a new anonymous
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    branch is created.
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Branch, closed
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    A named branch whose branch heads have all been closed.
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Branch, default
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    The branch assigned to a changeset when no name has previously been
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    assigned.
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Branch head
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    See 'Head, branch'.
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Branch, inactive
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    If a named branch has no topological heads, it is considered to be
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    inactive. As an example, a feature branch becomes inactive when it
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    is merged into the default branch. The :hg:`branches` command
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    shows inactive branches by default, though they can be hidden with
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    :hg:`branches --active`.
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    NOTE: this concept is deprecated because it is too implicit.
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    Branches should now be explicitly closed using :hg:`commit
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    --close-branch` when they are no longer needed.
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Branch, named
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    A collection of changesets which have the same branch name. By
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    default, children of a changeset in a named branch belong to the
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    same named branch. A child can be explicitly assigned to a
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    different branch. See :hg:`help branch`, :hg:`help branches` and
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    :hg:`commit --close-branch` for more information on managing
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    branches.
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    Named branches can be thought of as a kind of namespace, dividing
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    the collection of changesets that comprise the repository into a
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    collection of disjoint subsets. A named branch is not necessarily
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    a topological branch. If a new named branch is created from the
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    head of another named branch, or the default branch, but no
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    further changesets are added to that previous branch, then that
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    previous branch will be a branch in name only.
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Branch tip
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    See 'Tip, branch'.
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Branch, topological
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    Every time a new child changeset is created from a parent that is
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    not a head, a new topological branch is created. If a topological
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    branch is named, it becomes a named branch. If a topological
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    branch is not named, it becomes an anonymous branch of the
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    current, possibly default, branch.
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Changelog
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    A record of the changesets in the order in which they were added
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    to the repository. This includes details such as changeset id,
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    author, commit message, date, and list of changed files.
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Changeset
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    A snapshot of the state of the repository used to record a change.
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Changeset, child
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    The converse of parent changeset: if P is a parent of C, then C is
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    a child of P. There is no limit to the number of children that a
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    changeset may have.
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Changeset id
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    A SHA-1 hash that uniquely identifies a changeset. It may be
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    represented as either a "long" 40 hexadecimal digit string, or a
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    "short" 12 hexadecimal digit string.
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Changeset, merge
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    A changeset with two parents. This occurs when a merge is
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    committed.
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Changeset, parent
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    A revision upon which a child changeset is based. Specifically, a
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    parent changeset of a changeset C is a changeset whose node
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    immediately precedes C in the DAG. Changesets have at most two
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    parents.
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Checkout
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    (Noun) The working directory being updated to a specific
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    revision. This use should probably be avoided where possible, as
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    changeset is much more appropriate than checkout in this context.
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    Example: "I'm using checkout X."
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    (Verb) Updating the working directory to a specific changeset. See
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    :hg:`help update`.
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    Example: "I'm going to check out changeset X."
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Child changeset
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    See 'Changeset, child'.
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Close changeset
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    See 'Head, closed branch'.
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Closed branch
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    See 'Branch, closed'.
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Clone
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    (Noun) An entire or partial copy of a repository. The partial
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    clone must be in the form of a revision and its ancestors.
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    Example: "Is your clone up to date?"
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    (Verb) The process of creating a clone, using :hg:`clone`.
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    Example: "I'm going to clone the repository."
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Closed branch head
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    See 'Head, closed branch'.
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Commit
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    (Noun) A synonym for changeset.
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    Example: "Is the bug fixed in your recent commit?"
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    (Verb) The act of recording changes to a repository. When files
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    are committed in a working directory, Mercurial finds the
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    differences between the committed files and their parent
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    changeset, creating a new changeset in the repository.
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    Example: "You should commit those changes now."
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Cset
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    A common abbreviation of the term changeset.
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DAG
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    The repository of changesets of a distributed version control
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    system (DVCS) can be described as a directed acyclic graph (DAG),
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    consisting of nodes and edges, where nodes correspond to
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    changesets and edges imply a parent -> child relation. This graph
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    can be visualized by graphical tools such as :hg:`log --graph`. In
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    Mercurial, the DAG is limited by the requirement for children to
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    have at most two parents.
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Deprecated
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    Feature removed from documentation, but not scheduled for removal.
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Default branch
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    See 'Branch, default'.
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Descendant
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    Any changeset that can be reached by a chain of child changesets
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    from a given changeset. More precisely, the descendants of a
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    changeset can be defined by two properties: the child of a
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    changeset is a descendant, and the child of a descendant is a
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    descendant. See also: 'Ancestor'.
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Diff
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    (Noun) The difference between the contents and attributes of files
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    in two changesets or a changeset and the current working
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    directory. The difference is usually represented in a standard
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    form called a "diff" or "patch". The "git diff" format is used
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    when the changes include copies, renames, or changes to file
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    attributes, none of which can be represented/handled by classic
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    "diff" and "patch".
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    Example: "Did you see my correction in the diff?"
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    (Verb) Diffing two changesets is the action of creating a diff or
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    patch.
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    Example: "If you diff with changeset X, you will see what I mean."
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Directory, working
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    The working directory represents the state of the files tracked by
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    Mercurial, that will be recorded in the next commit. The working
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    directory initially corresponds to the snapshot at an existing
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    changeset, known as the parent of the working directory. See
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    'Parent, working directory'. The state may be modified by changes
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    to the files introduced manually or by a merge. The repository
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    metadata exists in the .hg directory inside the working directory.
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Draft
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    Changesets in the draft phase have not been shared with publishing
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    repositories and may thus be safely changed by history-modifying
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    extensions. See :hg:`help phases`.
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Experimental
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    Feature that may change or be removed at a later date.
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Graph
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    See DAG and :hg:`log --graph`.
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Head
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    The term 'head' may be used to refer to both a branch head or a
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    repository head, depending on the context. See 'Head, branch' and
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    'Head, repository' for specific definitions.
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    Heads are where development generally takes place and are the
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    usual targets for update and merge operations.
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Head, branch
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    A changeset with no descendants on the same named branch.
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Head, closed branch
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    A changeset that marks a head as no longer interesting. The closed
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    head is no longer listed by :hg:`heads`. A branch is considered
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    closed when all its heads are closed and consequently is not
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    listed by :hg:`branches`.
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    Closed heads can be re-opened by committing new changeset as the
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    child of the changeset that marks a head as closed.
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Head, repository
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    A topological head which has not been closed.
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Head, topological
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    A changeset with no children in the repository.
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History, immutable
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    Once committed, changesets cannot be altered.  Extensions which
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    appear to change history actually create new changesets that
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    replace existing ones, and then destroy the old changesets. Doing
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    so in public repositories can result in old changesets being
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    reintroduced to the repository.
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History, rewriting
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    The changesets in a repository are immutable. However, extensions
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    to Mercurial can be used to alter the repository, usually in such
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    a way as to preserve changeset contents.
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Immutable history
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    See 'History, immutable'.
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Merge changeset
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    See 'Changeset, merge'.
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Manifest
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    Each changeset has a manifest, which is the list of files that are
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    tracked by the changeset.
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Merge
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    Used to bring together divergent branches of work. When you update
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parents:
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    to a changeset and then merge another changeset, you bring the
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    history of the latter changeset into your working directory. Once
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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    conflicts are resolved (and marked), this merge may be committed
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    as a merge changeset, bringing two branches together in the DAG.
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Named branch
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parents:
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    See 'Branch, named'.
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parents:
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Null changeset
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parents:
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    The empty changeset. It is the parent state of newly-initialized
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parents:
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    repositories and repositories with no checked out revision. It is
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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    thus the parent of root changesets and the effective ancestor when
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parents:
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    merging unrelated changesets. Can be specified by the alias 'null'
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    or by the changeset ID '000000000000'.
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parents:
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Parent
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    See 'Changeset, parent'.
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parents:
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Parent changeset
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parents:
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    See 'Changeset, parent'.
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parents:
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   299
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Parent, working directory
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parents:
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    The working directory parent reflects a virtual revision which is
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parents:
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    the child of the changeset (or two changesets with an uncommitted
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parents:
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    merge) shown by :hg:`parents`. This is changed with
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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    :hg:`update`. Other commands to see the working directory parent
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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    are :hg:`summary` and :hg:`id`. Can be specified by the alias ".".
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   306
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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Patch
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parents:
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    (Noun) The product of a diff operation.
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parents:
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   309
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parents:
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    Example: "I've sent you my patch."
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   311
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parents:
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    (Verb) The process of using a patch file to transform one
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   313
    changeset into another.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   314
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parents:
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   315
    Example: "You will need to patch that revision."
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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Phase
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    A per-changeset state tracking how the changeset has been or
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Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
parents: 14630
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    should be shared. See :hg:`help phases`.
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Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
parents: 14630
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   321
Public
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parents: 14630
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   322
    Changesets in the public phase have been shared with publishing
9232fa4fd1ba glossary: add phase terms
Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
parents: 14630
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   323
    repositories and are therefore considered immutable. See :hg:`help
9232fa4fd1ba glossary: add phase terms
Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
parents: 14630
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   324
    phases`.
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parents: 14630
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   325
11356
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Pull
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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    An operation in which changesets in a remote repository which are
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   328
    not in the local repository are brought into the local
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   329
    repository. Note that this operation without special arguments
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   330
    only updates the repository, it does not update the files in the
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   331
    working directory. See :hg:`help pull`.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   332
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   333
Push
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   334
    An operation in which changesets in a local repository which are
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   335
    not in a remote repository are sent to the remote repository. Note
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   336
    that this operation only adds changesets which have been committed
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   337
    locally to the remote repository. Uncommitted changes are not
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   338
    sent. See :hg:`help push`.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   339
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   340
Repository
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   341
    The metadata describing all recorded states of a collection of
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   342
    files. Each recorded state is represented by a changeset. A
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   343
    repository is usually (but not always) found in the ``.hg``
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   344
    subdirectory of a working directory. Any recorded state can be
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   345
    recreated by "updating" a working directory to a specific
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   346
    changeset.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   347
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   348
Repository head
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   349
    See 'Head, repository'.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   350
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   351
Revision
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   352
    A state of the repository at some point in time. Earlier revisions
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
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   353
    can be updated to by using :hg:`update`.  See also 'Revision
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   354
    number'; See also 'Changeset'.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   355
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   356
Revision number
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   357
    This integer uniquely identifies a changeset in a specific
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   358
    repository. It represents the order in which changesets were added
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   359
    to a repository, starting with revision number 0. Note that the
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   360
    revision number may be different in each clone of a repository. To
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   361
    identify changesets uniquely between different clones, see
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   362
    'Changeset id'.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   363
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   364
Revlog
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   365
    History storage mechanism used by Mercurial. It is a form of delta
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   366
    encoding, with occasional full revision of data followed by delta
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   367
    of each successive revision. It includes data and an index
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   368
    pointing to the data.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   369
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   370
Rewriting history
11437
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Wagner Bruna <wbruna@softwareexpress.com.br>
parents: 11436
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   371
    See 'History, rewriting'.
11356
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parents:
diff changeset
   372
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   373
Root
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   374
    A changeset that has only the null changeset as its parent. Most
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   375
    repositories have only a single root changeset.
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   376
16037
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Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
parents: 14630
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   377
Secret
16039
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Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
parents: 16037
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   378
    Changesets in the secret phase may not be shared via push, pull,
093b75c7b44b pull: return 1 when no changes found (BC)
Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
parents: 16037
diff changeset
   379
    or clone. See :hg:`help phases`.
16037
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Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
parents: 14630
diff changeset
   380
14629
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Martin Geisler <mg@aragost.com>
parents: 11937
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   381
Tag
c3f2152e423d glossary: add entry for "Tag"
Martin Geisler <mg@aragost.com>
parents: 11937
diff changeset
   382
    An alternative name given to a changeset. Tags can be used in all
c3f2152e423d glossary: add entry for "Tag"
Martin Geisler <mg@aragost.com>
parents: 11937
diff changeset
   383
    places where Mercurial expects a changeset ID, e.g., with
c3f2152e423d glossary: add entry for "Tag"
Martin Geisler <mg@aragost.com>
parents: 11937
diff changeset
   384
    :hg:`update`. The creation of a tag is stored in the history and
c3f2152e423d glossary: add entry for "Tag"
Martin Geisler <mg@aragost.com>
parents: 11937
diff changeset
   385
    will thus automatically be shared with other using push and pull.
c3f2152e423d glossary: add entry for "Tag"
Martin Geisler <mg@aragost.com>
parents: 11937
diff changeset
   386
11356
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parents:
diff changeset
   387
Tip
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   388
    The changeset with the highest revision number. It is the changeset
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   389
    most recently added in a repository.
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   390
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   391
Tip, branch
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   392
    The head of a given branch with the highest revision number. When
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   393
    a branch name is used as a revision identifier, it refers to the
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   394
    branch tip. See also 'Branch, head'. Note that because revision
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   395
    numbers may be different in different repository clones, the
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   396
    branch tip may be different in different cloned repositories.
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   397
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   398
Update
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   399
    (Noun) Another synonym of changeset.
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   400
26097
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timeless@mozdev.org
parents: 23027
diff changeset
   401
    Example: "I've pushed an update."
11356
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   402
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   403
    (Verb) This term is usually used to describe updating the state of
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   404
    the working directory to that of a specific changeset. See
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   405
    :hg:`help update`.
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   406
26097
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timeless@mozdev.org
parents: 23027
diff changeset
   407
    Example: "You should update."
11356
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Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   408
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   409
Working directory
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   410
    See 'Directory, working'.
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   411
511445840148 help: add "glossary" topic
Faheem Mitha <faheem@email.unc.edu>
parents:
diff changeset
   412
Working directory parent
11437
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Wagner Bruna <wbruna@softwareexpress.com.br>
parents: 11436
diff changeset
   413
    See 'Parent, working directory'.