tests/test-repo-compengines.t

sparse-revlog: implement algorithm to write sparse delta chains (issue5480)

The classic behavior of revlog._isgooddeltainfo is to consider the span size
of the whole delta chain, and limit it to 4 * textlen.
Once sparse-revlog writing is allowed (and enforced with a requirement),
revlog._isgooddeltainfo considers the span of the largest chunk as the
distance used in the verification, instead of using the span of the whole
delta chain.

In order to compute the span of the largest chunk, we need to slice into
chunks a chain with the new revision at the top of the revlog, and take the
maximal span of these chunks. The sparse read density is a parameter to the
slicing, as it will stop when the global read density reaches this threshold.
For instance, a density of 50% means that 2 of 4 read bytes are actually used
for the reconstruction of the revision (the others are part of other chains).

This allows a new revision to be potentially stored with a diff against
another revision anywhere in the history, instead of forcing it in the last 4
* textlen. The result is a much better compression on repositories that have
many concurrent branches. Here are a comparison between using deltas from
current upstream (aggressive-merge-deltas on by default) and deltas from a
sparse-revlog

Comparison of `.hg/store/` size:

    mercurial (6.74% merges):
        before:     46,831,873 bytes
        after:      46,795,992 bytes (no relevant change)
    pypy (8.30% merges):
        before:    333,524,651 bytes
        after:     308,417,511 bytes -8%
    netbeans (34.21% merges):
        before:  1,141,847,554 bytes
        after:   1,131,093,161 bytes -1%
    mozilla-central (4.84% merges):
        before:  2,344,248,850 bytes
        after:   2,328,459,258 bytes -1%
    large-private-repo-A (merge 19.73%)
        before: 41,510,550,163 bytes
        after:   8,121,763,428 bytes -80%
    large-private-repo-B (23.77%)
        before: 58,702,221,709 bytes
        after:   8,351,588,828 bytes -76%

Comparison of `00manifest.d` size:

    mercurial (6.74% merges):
        before:      6,143,044 bytes
        after:       6,107,163 bytes
    pypy (8.30% merges):
        before:     52,941,780 bytes
        after:      27,834,082 bytes -48%
    netbeans (34.21% merges):
        before:    130,088,982 bytes
        after:     119,337,636 bytes -10%
    mozilla-central (4.84% merges):
        before:    215,096,339 bytes
        after:     199,496,863 bytes -8%
    large-private-repo-A (merge 19.73%)
        before: 33,725,285,081 bytes
        after:     390,302,545 bytes -99%
    large-private-repo-B (23.77%)
        before: 49,457,701,645 bytes
        after:   1,366,752,187 bytes -97%


The better delta chains provide a performance boost in relevant repositories:

    pypy, bundling 1000 revisions:
        before: 1.670s
        after:  1.149s -31%

Unbundling got a bit slower. probably because the sparse algorithm is still
pure
python.

    pypy, unbundling 1000 revisions:
        before: 4.062s
        after:  4.507s +10%

Performance of bundle/unbundle in repository with few concurrent branches (eg:
mercurial) are unaffected.

No significant differences have been noticed then timing `hg push` and `hg
pull` locally. More state timings are being gathered.

Same as for aggressive-merge-delta, better delta comes with longer delta
chains. Longer chains have a performance impact. For example. The length of
the chain needed to get the manifest of pypy's tip moves from 82 item to 1929
items. This moves the restore time from 3.88ms to 11.3ms.

Delta chain length is an independent issue that affects repository without
this changes. It will be dealt with independently.

No significant differences have been observed on repositories where
`sparse-revlog` have not much effect (mercurial, unity, netbeans). On pypy,
small differences have been observed on some operation affected by delta chain
building and retrieval.


    pypy, perfmanifest
        before: 0.006162s
        after:  0.017899s +190%

    pypy, commit:
        before: 0.382
        after:  0.376 -1%

    pypy, status:
        before: 0.157
        after:  0.168 +7%

More comprehensive and stable timing comparisons are in progress.

A new repository uses zlib storage, which doesn't need a requirement

  $ hg init default
  $ cd default
  $ cat .hg/requires
  dotencode
  fncache
  generaldelta
  revlogv1
  store
  testonly-simplestore (reposimplestore !)

  $ touch foo
  $ hg -q commit -A -m 'initial commit with a lot of repeated repeated repeated text to trigger compression'
  $ hg debugrevlog -c | grep 0x78
      0x78 (x)  :   1 (100.00%)
      0x78 (x)  : 110 (100.00%)

  $ cd ..

Unknown compression engine to format.compression aborts

  $ hg --config experimental.format.compression=unknown init unknown
  abort: compression engine unknown defined by experimental.format.compression not available
  (run "hg debuginstall" to list available compression engines)
  [255]

A requirement specifying an unknown compression engine results in bail

  $ hg init unknownrequirement
  $ cd unknownrequirement
  $ echo exp-compression-unknown >> .hg/requires
  $ hg log
  abort: repository requires features unknown to this Mercurial: exp-compression-unknown!
  (see https://mercurial-scm.org/wiki/MissingRequirement for more information)
  [255]

  $ cd ..

#if zstd

  $ hg --config experimental.format.compression=zstd init zstd
  $ cd zstd
  $ cat .hg/requires
  dotencode
  exp-compression-zstd
  fncache
  generaldelta
  revlogv1
  store
  testonly-simplestore (reposimplestore !)

  $ touch foo
  $ hg -q commit -A -m 'initial commit with a lot of repeated repeated repeated text'

  $ hg debugrevlog -c | grep 0x28
      0x28      :  1 (100.00%)
      0x28      : 98 (100.00%)

  $ cd ..

Specifying a new format.compression on an existing repo won't introduce data
with that engine or a requirement

  $ cd default
  $ touch bar
  $ hg --config experimental.format.compression=zstd -q commit -A -m 'add bar with a lot of repeated repeated repeated text'

  $ cat .hg/requires
  dotencode
  fncache
  generaldelta
  revlogv1
  store
  testonly-simplestore (reposimplestore !)

  $ hg debugrevlog -c | grep 0x78
      0x78 (x)  :   2 (100.00%)
      0x78 (x)  : 199 (100.00%)

#endif