mercurial/dagutil.py

wireproto: check permissions when executing "batch" command (BC) (SEC)

For as long as the "batch" command has existed (introduced by
bd88561afb4b and first released as part of Mercurial 1.9), that command
(like most wire commands introduced after 2008) lacked an entry in
the hgweb permissions table. And since we don't verify permissions if
an entry is missing from the permissions table, this meant that
executing a command via "batch" would bypass all permissions
checks.

The security implications are significant: a Mercurial HTTP server
would allow writes via "batch" wire protocol commands as long as
the HTTP request were processed by Mercurial and the process running
the Mercurial HTTP server had write access to the repository. The
Mercurial defaults of servers being read-only and the various web.*
config options to define access control were bypassed.

In addition, "batch" could be used to exfiltrate data from servers
that were configured to not allow read access.

Both forms of permissions bypass could be mitigated to some extent
by using HTTP authentication. This would prevent HTTP requests from
hitting Mercurial's server logic. However, any authenticated request
would still be able to bypass permissions checks via "batch" commands.

The easiest exploit was to send "pushkey" commands via "batch" and
modify the state of bookmarks, phases, and obsolescence markers.
However, I suspect a well-crafted HTTP request could trick the server
into running the "unbundle" wire protocol command, effectively
performing a full `hg push` to create new changesets on the remote.

This commit plugs this gaping security hole by having the "batch"
command perform permissions checking on each sub-command that is
being batched. We do this by threading a permissions checking
callable all the way to the protocol handler. The threading is a
bit hacky from a code perspective. But it preserves API compatibility,
which is the proper thing to do on the stable branch.

One of the subtle things we do is assume that a command with an
undefined permission is a "push" command. This is the safest thing to
do from a security perspective: we don't want to take chances that
a command could perform a write even though the server is configured
to not allow writes.

As the test changes demonstrate, it is no longer possible to bypass
permissions via the "batch" wire protocol command.

.. bc::

   The "batch" wire protocol command now enforces permissions of
   each invoked sub-command. Wire protocol commands must define
   their operation type or the "batch" command will assume they
   can write data and will prevent their execution on HTTP servers
   unless the HTTP request method is POST, the server is configured
   to allow pushes, and the (possibly authenticated) HTTP user is
   authorized to perform a push.

# dagutil.py - dag utilities for mercurial
#
# Copyright 2010 Benoit Boissinot <[e-mail]>
# and Peter Arrenbrecht <[e-mail]>
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.

from __future__ import absolute_import

from .i18n import _
from .node import nullrev

class basedag(object):
    '''generic interface for DAGs

    terms:
    "ix" (short for index) identifies a nodes internally,
    "id" identifies one externally.

    All params are ixs unless explicitly suffixed otherwise.
    Pluralized params are lists or sets.
    '''

    def __init__(self):
        self._inverse = None

    def nodeset(self):
        '''set of all node ixs'''
        raise NotImplementedError

    def heads(self):
        '''list of head ixs'''
        raise NotImplementedError

    def parents(self, ix):
        '''list of parents ixs of ix'''
        raise NotImplementedError

    def inverse(self):
        '''inverse DAG, where parents becomes children, etc.'''
        raise NotImplementedError

    def ancestorset(self, starts, stops=None):
        '''
        set of all ancestors of starts (incl), but stop walk at stops (excl)
        '''
        raise NotImplementedError

    def descendantset(self, starts, stops=None):
        '''
        set of all descendants of starts (incl), but stop walk at stops (excl)
        '''
        return self.inverse().ancestorset(starts, stops)

    def headsetofconnecteds(self, ixs):
        '''
        subset of connected list of ixs so that no node has a descendant in it

        By "connected list" we mean that if an ancestor and a descendant are in
        the list, then so is at least one path connecting them.
        '''
        raise NotImplementedError

    def externalize(self, ix):
        '''return a node id'''
        return self._externalize(ix)

    def externalizeall(self, ixs):
        '''return a list of (or set if given a set) of node ids'''
        ids = self._externalizeall(ixs)
        if isinstance(ixs, set):
            return set(ids)
        return list(ids)

    def internalize(self, id):
        '''return a node ix'''
        return self._internalize(id)

    def internalizeall(self, ids, filterunknown=False):
        '''return a list of (or set if given a set) of node ixs'''
        ixs = self._internalizeall(ids, filterunknown)
        if isinstance(ids, set):
            return set(ixs)
        return list(ixs)


class genericdag(basedag):
    '''generic implementations for DAGs'''

    def ancestorset(self, starts, stops=None):
        if stops:
            stops = set(stops)
        else:
            stops = set()
        seen = set()
        pending = list(starts)
        while pending:
            n = pending.pop()
            if n not in seen and n not in stops:
                seen.add(n)
                pending.extend(self.parents(n))
        return seen

    def headsetofconnecteds(self, ixs):
        hds = set(ixs)
        if not hds:
            return hds
        for n in ixs:
            for p in self.parents(n):
                hds.discard(p)
        assert hds
        return hds


class revlogbaseddag(basedag):
    '''generic dag interface to a revlog'''

    def __init__(self, revlog, nodeset):
        basedag.__init__(self)
        self._revlog = revlog
        self._heads = None
        self._nodeset = nodeset

    def nodeset(self):
        return self._nodeset

    def heads(self):
        if self._heads is None:
            self._heads = self._getheads()
        return self._heads

    def _externalize(self, ix):
        return self._revlog.index[ix][7]
    def _externalizeall(self, ixs):
        idx = self._revlog.index
        return [idx[i][7] for i in ixs]

    def _internalize(self, id):
        ix = self._revlog.rev(id)
        if ix == nullrev:
            raise LookupError(id, self._revlog.indexfile, _('nullid'))
        return ix
    def _internalizeall(self, ids, filterunknown):
        rl = self._revlog
        if filterunknown:
            return [r for r in map(rl.nodemap.get, ids)
                    if (r is not None
                        and r != nullrev
                        and r not in rl.filteredrevs)]
        return [self._internalize(i) for i in ids]


class revlogdag(revlogbaseddag):
    '''dag interface to a revlog'''

    def __init__(self, revlog, localsubset=None):
        revlogbaseddag.__init__(self, revlog, set(revlog))
        self._heads = localsubset

    def _getheads(self):
        return [r for r in self._revlog.headrevs() if r != nullrev]

    def parents(self, ix):
        rlog = self._revlog
        idx = rlog.index
        revdata = idx[ix]
        prev = revdata[5]
        if prev != nullrev:
            prev2 = revdata[6]
            if prev2 == nullrev:
                return [prev]
            return [prev, prev2]
        prev2 = revdata[6]
        if prev2 != nullrev:
            return [prev2]
        return []

    def inverse(self):
        if self._inverse is None:
            self._inverse = inverserevlogdag(self)
        return self._inverse

    def ancestorset(self, starts, stops=None):
        rlog = self._revlog
        idx = rlog.index
        if stops:
            stops = set(stops)
        else:
            stops = set()
        seen = set()
        pending = list(starts)
        while pending:
            rev = pending.pop()
            if rev not in seen and rev not in stops:
                seen.add(rev)
                revdata = idx[rev]
                for i in [5, 6]:
                    prev = revdata[i]
                    if prev != nullrev:
                        pending.append(prev)
        return seen

    def headsetofconnecteds(self, ixs):
        if not ixs:
            return set()
        rlog = self._revlog
        idx = rlog.index
        headrevs = set(ixs)
        for rev in ixs:
            revdata = idx[rev]
            for i in [5, 6]:
                prev = revdata[i]
                if prev != nullrev:
                    headrevs.discard(prev)
        assert headrevs
        return headrevs

    def linearize(self, ixs):
        '''linearize and topologically sort a list of revisions

        The linearization process tries to create long runs of revs where
        a child rev comes immediately after its first parent. This is done by
        visiting the heads of the given revs in inverse topological order,
        and for each visited rev, visiting its second parent, then its first
        parent, then adding the rev itself to the output list.
        '''
        sorted = []
        visit = list(self.headsetofconnecteds(ixs))
        visit.sort(reverse=True)
        finished = set()

        while visit:
            cur = visit.pop()
            if cur < 0:
                cur = -cur - 1
                if cur not in finished:
                    sorted.append(cur)
                    finished.add(cur)
            else:
                visit.append(-cur - 1)
                visit += [p for p in self.parents(cur)
                          if p in ixs and p not in finished]
        assert len(sorted) == len(ixs)
        return sorted


class inverserevlogdag(revlogbaseddag, genericdag):
    '''inverse of an existing revlog dag; see revlogdag.inverse()'''

    def __init__(self, orig):
        revlogbaseddag.__init__(self, orig._revlog, orig._nodeset)
        self._orig = orig
        self._children = {}
        self._roots = []
        self._walkfrom = len(self._revlog) - 1

    def _walkto(self, walkto):
        rev = self._walkfrom
        cs = self._children
        roots = self._roots
        idx = self._revlog.index
        while rev >= walkto:
            data = idx[rev]
            isroot = True
            for prev in [data[5], data[6]]: # parent revs
                if prev != nullrev:
                    cs.setdefault(prev, []).append(rev)
                    isroot = False
            if isroot:
                roots.append(rev)
            rev -= 1
        self._walkfrom = rev

    def _getheads(self):
        self._walkto(nullrev)
        return self._roots

    def parents(self, ix):
        if ix is None:
            return []
        if ix <= self._walkfrom:
            self._walkto(ix)
        return self._children.get(ix, [])

    def inverse(self):
        return self._orig