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util: implement zstd compression engine Now that zstd is vendored and being built (in some configurations), we can implement a compression engine for zstd! The zstd engine is a little different from existing engines. Because it may not always be present, we have to defer load the module in case importing it fails. We facilitate this via a cached property that holds a reference to the module or None. The "available" method is implemented to reflect reality. The zstd engine declares its ability to handle bundles using the "zstd" human name and the "ZS" internal name. The latter was chosen because internal names are 2 characters (by only convention I think) and "ZS" seems reasonable. The engine, like others, supports specifying the compression level. However, there are no consumers of this API that yet pass in that argument. I have plans to change that, so stay tuned. Since all we need to do to support bundle generation with a new compression engine is implement and register the compression engine, bundle generation with zstd "just works!" Tests demonstrating this have been added. How does performance of zstd for bundle generation compare? On the mozilla-unified repo, `hg bundle --all -t <engine>-v2` yields the following on my i7-6700K on Linux: engine CPU time bundle size vs orig size throughput none 97.0s 4,054,405,584 100.0% 41.8 MB/s bzip2 (l=9) 393.6s 975,343,098 24.0% 10.3 MB/s gzip (l=6) 184.0s 1,140,533,074 28.1% 22.0 MB/s zstd (l=1) 108.2s 1,119,434,718 27.6% 37.5 MB/s zstd (l=2) 111.3s 1,078,328,002 26.6% 36.4 MB/s zstd (l=3) 113.7s 1,011,823,727 25.0% 35.7 MB/s zstd (l=4) 116.0s 1,008,965,888 24.9% 35.0 MB/s zstd (l=5) 121.0s 977,203,148 24.1% 33.5 MB/s zstd (l=6) 131.7s 927,360,198 22.9% 30.8 MB/s zstd (l=7) 139.0s 912,808,505 22.5% 29.2 MB/s zstd (l=12) 198.1s 854,527,714 21.1% 20.5 MB/s zstd (l=18) 681.6s 789,750,690 19.5% 5.9 MB/s On compression, zstd for bundle generation delivers: * better compression than gzip with significantly less CPU utilization * better than bzip2 compression ratios while still being significantly faster than gzip * ability to aggressively tune compression level to achieve significantly smaller bundles That last point is important. With clone bundles, a server can pre-generate a bundle file, upload it to a static file server, and redirect clients to transparently download it during clone. The server could choose to produce a zstd bundle with the highest compression settings possible. This would take a very long time - a magnitude longer than a typical zstd bundle generation - but the result would be hundreds of megabytes smaller! For the clone volume we do at Mozilla, this could translate to petabytes of bandwidth savings per year and faster clones (due to smaller transfer size). I don't have detailed numbers to report on decompression. However, zstd decompression is fast: >1 GB/s output throughput on this machine, even through the Python bindings. And it can do that regardless of the compression level of the input. By the time you have enough data to worry about overhead of decompression, you have plenty of other things to worry about performance wise. zstd is wins all around. I can't wait to implement support for it on the wire protocol and in revlogs.
author Gregory Szorc <gregory.szorc@gmail.com>
date Fri, 11 Nov 2016 01:10:07 -0800
parents 6b0741d6d234
children a520aefb96f1
line wrap: on
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Set up a server

  $ cat >> $HGRCPATH << EOF
  > [format]
  > usegeneraldelta=yes
  > EOF
  $ hg init server
  $ cd server
  $ cat >> .hg/hgrc << EOF
  > [extensions]
  > clonebundles =
  > EOF

  $ touch foo
  $ hg -q commit -A -m 'add foo'
  $ touch bar
  $ hg -q commit -A -m 'add bar'

  $ hg serve -d -p $HGPORT --pid-file hg.pid --accesslog access.log
  $ cat hg.pid >> $DAEMON_PIDS
  $ cd ..

Missing manifest should not result in server lookup

  $ hg --verbose clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT no-manifest
  requesting all changes
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files

  $ cat server/access.log
  * - - [*] "GET /?cmd=capabilities HTTP/1.1" 200 - (glob)
  * - - [*] "GET /?cmd=batch HTTP/1.1" 200 - x-hgarg-1:cmds=heads+%3Bknown+nodes%3D (glob)
  * - - [*] "GET /?cmd=getbundle HTTP/1.1" 200 - x-hgarg-1:bundlecaps=HG20%2Cbundle2%3DHG20%250Achangegroup%253D01%252C02%250Adigests%253Dmd5%252Csha1%252Csha512%250Aerror%253Dabort%252Cunsupportedcontent%252Cpushraced%252Cpushkey%250Ahgtagsfnodes%250Alistkeys%250Apushkey%250Aremote-changegroup%253Dhttp%252Chttps&cg=1&common=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000&heads=aaff8d2ffbbf07a46dd1f05d8ae7877e3f56e2a2&listkeys=phases%2Cbookmarks (glob)

Empty manifest file results in retrieval
(the extension only checks if the manifest file exists)

  $ touch server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest
  $ hg --verbose clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT empty-manifest
  no clone bundles available on remote; falling back to regular clone
  requesting all changes
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files

Manifest file with invalid URL aborts

  $ echo 'http://does.not.exist/bundle.hg' > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest
  $ hg clone http://localhost:$HGPORT 404-url
  applying clone bundle from http://does.not.exist/bundle.hg
  error fetching bundle: (.* not known|getaddrinfo failed|No address associated with hostname) (re)
  abort: error applying bundle
  (if this error persists, consider contacting the server operator or disable clone bundles via "--config ui.clonebundles=false")
  [255]

Server is not running aborts

  $ echo "http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bundle.hg" > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest
  $ hg clone http://localhost:$HGPORT server-not-runner
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bundle.hg
  error fetching bundle: (.* refused.*|Protocol not supported) (re)
  abort: error applying bundle
  (if this error persists, consider contacting the server operator or disable clone bundles via "--config ui.clonebundles=false")
  [255]

Server returns 404

  $ python $TESTDIR/dumbhttp.py -p $HGPORT1 --pid http.pid
  $ cat http.pid >> $DAEMON_PIDS
  $ hg clone http://localhost:$HGPORT running-404
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bundle.hg
  HTTP error fetching bundle: HTTP Error 404: File not found
  abort: error applying bundle
  (if this error persists, consider contacting the server operator or disable clone bundles via "--config ui.clonebundles=false")
  [255]

We can override failure to fall back to regular clone

  $ hg --config ui.clonebundlefallback=true clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT 404-fallback
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bundle.hg
  HTTP error fetching bundle: HTTP Error 404: File not found
  falling back to normal clone
  requesting all changes
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files

Bundle with partial content works

  $ hg -R server bundle --type gzip-v1 --base null -r 53245c60e682 partial.hg
  1 changesets found

We verify exact bundle content as an extra check against accidental future
changes. If this output changes, we could break old clients.

  $ f --size --hexdump partial.hg
  partial.hg: size=207
  0000: 48 47 31 30 47 5a 78 9c 63 60 60 98 17 ac 12 93 |HG10GZx.c``.....|
  0010: f0 ac a9 23 45 70 cb bf 0d 5f 59 4e 4a 7f 79 21 |...#Ep..._YNJ.y!|
  0020: 9b cc 40 24 20 a0 d7 ce 2c d1 38 25 cd 24 25 d5 |..@$ ...,.8%.$%.|
  0030: d8 c2 22 cd 38 d9 24 cd 22 d5 c8 22 cd 24 cd 32 |..".8.$."..".$.2|
  0040: d1 c2 d0 c4 c8 d2 32 d1 38 39 29 c9 34 cd d4 80 |......2.89).4...|
  0050: ab 24 b5 b8 84 cb 40 c1 80 2b 2d 3f 9f 8b 2b 31 |.$....@..+-?..+1|
  0060: 25 45 01 c8 80 9a d2 9b 65 fb e5 9e 45 bf 8d 7f |%E......e...E...|
  0070: 9f c6 97 9f 2b 44 34 67 d9 ec 8e 0f a0 92 0b 75 |....+D4g.......u|
  0080: 41 d6 24 59 18 a4 a4 9a a6 18 1a 5b 98 9b 5a 98 |A.$Y.......[..Z.|
  0090: 9a 18 26 9b a6 19 98 1a 99 99 26 a6 18 9a 98 24 |..&.......&....$|
  00a0: 26 59 a6 25 5a 98 a5 18 a6 24 71 41 35 b1 43 dc |&Y.%Z....$qA5.C.|
  00b0: 16 b2 83 f7 e9 45 8b d2 56 c7 a3 1f 82 52 d7 8a |.....E..V....R..|
  00c0: 78 ed fc d5 76 f1 36 35 dc 05 00 36 ed 5e c7    |x...v.65...6.^.|

  $ echo "http://localhost:$HGPORT1/partial.hg" > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest
  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT partial-bundle
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/partial.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files

Incremental pull doesn't fetch bundle

  $ hg clone -r 53245c60e682 -U http://localhost:$HGPORT partial-clone
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files

  $ cd partial-clone
  $ hg pull
  pulling from http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  (run 'hg update' to get a working copy)
  $ cd ..

Bundle with full content works

  $ hg -R server bundle --type gzip-v2 --base null -r tip full.hg
  2 changesets found

Again, we perform an extra check against bundle content changes. If this content
changes, clone bundles produced by new Mercurial versions may not be readable
by old clients.

  $ f --size --hexdump full.hg
  full.hg: size=396
  0000: 48 47 32 30 00 00 00 0e 43 6f 6d 70 72 65 73 73 |HG20....Compress|
  0010: 69 6f 6e 3d 47 5a 78 9c 63 60 60 d0 e4 76 f6 70 |ion=GZx.c``..v.p|
  0020: f4 73 77 75 0f f2 0f 0d 60 00 02 46 46 76 26 4e |.swu....`..FFv&N|
  0030: c6 b2 d4 a2 e2 cc fc 3c 03 a3 bc a4 e4 8c c4 bc |.......<........|
  0040: f4 d4 62 23 06 06 e6 19 40 f9 4d c1 2a 31 09 cf |..b#....@.M.*1..|
  0050: 9a 3a 52 04 b7 fc db f0 95 e5 a4 f4 97 17 b2 c9 |.:R.............|
  0060: 0c 14 00 02 e6 d9 99 25 1a a7 a4 99 a4 a4 1a 5b |.......%.......[|
  0070: 58 a4 19 27 9b a4 59 a4 1a 59 a4 99 a4 59 26 5a |X..'..Y..Y...Y&Z|
  0080: 18 9a 18 59 5a 26 1a 27 27 25 99 a6 99 1a 70 95 |...YZ&.''%....p.|
  0090: a4 16 97 70 19 28 18 70 a5 e5 e7 73 71 25 a6 a4 |...p.(.p...sq%..|
  00a0: 28 00 19 20 17 af fa df ab ff 7b 3f fb 92 dc 8b |(.. ......{?....|
  00b0: 1f 62 bb 9e b7 d7 d9 87 3d 5a 44 89 2f b0 99 87 |.b......=ZD./...|
  00c0: ec e2 54 63 43 e3 b4 64 43 73 23 33 43 53 0b 63 |..TcC..dCs#3CS.c|
  00d0: d3 14 23 03 a0 fb 2c 2c 0c d3 80 1e 30 49 49 b1 |..#...,,....0II.|
  00e0: 4c 4a 32 48 33 30 b0 34 42 b8 38 29 b1 08 e2 62 |LJ2H30.4B.8)...b|
  00f0: 20 03 6a ca c2 2c db 2f f7 2c fa 6d fc fb 34 be | .j..,./.,.m..4.|
  0100: fc 5c 21 a2 39 cb 66 77 7c 00 0d c3 59 17 14 58 |.\!.9.fw|...Y..X|
  0110: 49 16 06 29 a9 a6 29 86 c6 16 e6 a6 16 a6 26 86 |I..)..).......&.|
  0120: c9 a6 69 06 a6 46 66 a6 89 29 86 26 26 89 49 96 |..i..Ff..).&&.I.|
  0130: 69 89 16 66 29 86 29 49 5c 20 07 3e 16 fe 23 ae |i..f).)I\ .>..#.|
  0140: 26 da 1c ab 10 1f d1 f8 e3 b3 ef cd dd fc 0c 93 |&...............|
  0150: 88 75 34 36 75 04 82 55 17 14 36 a4 38 10 04 d8 |.u46u..U..6.8...|
  0160: 21 01 9a b1 83 f7 e9 45 8b d2 56 c7 a3 1f 82 52 |!......E..V....R|
  0170: d7 8a 78 ed fc d5 76 f1 36 25 81 89 c7 ad ec 90 |..x...v.6%......|
  0180: 54 47 75 2b 89 49 b1 00 d2 8a eb 92             |TGu+.I......|

  $ echo "http://localhost:$HGPORT1/full.hg" > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest
  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT full-bundle
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/full.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Feature works over SSH

  $ hg clone -U -e "python \"$TESTDIR/dummyssh\"" ssh://user@dummy/server ssh-full-clone
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/full.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Entry with unknown BUNDLESPEC is filtered and not used

  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://bad.entry1 BUNDLESPEC=UNKNOWN
  > http://bad.entry2 BUNDLESPEC=xz-v1
  > http://bad.entry3 BUNDLESPEC=none-v100
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/full.hg BUNDLESPEC=gzip-v2
  > EOF

  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT filter-unknown-type
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/full.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Automatic fallback when all entries are filtered

  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://bad.entry BUNDLESPEC=UNKNOWN
  > EOF

  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT filter-all
  no compatible clone bundles available on server; falling back to regular clone
  (you may want to report this to the server operator)
  requesting all changes
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files

URLs requiring SNI are filtered in Python <2.7.9

  $ cp full.hg sni.hg
  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/sni.hg REQUIRESNI=true
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/full.hg
  > EOF

#if sslcontext
Python 2.7.9+ support SNI

  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT sni-supported
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/sni.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found
#else
Python <2.7.9 will filter SNI URLs

  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT sni-unsupported
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/full.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found
#endif

Stream clone bundles are supported

  $ hg -R server debugcreatestreamclonebundle packed.hg
  writing 613 bytes for 4 files
  bundle requirements: generaldelta, revlogv1

No bundle spec should work

  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/packed.hg
  > EOF

  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT stream-clone-no-spec
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/packed.hg
  4 files to transfer, 613 bytes of data
  transferred 613 bytes in *.* seconds (*) (glob)
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Bundle spec without parameters should work

  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/packed.hg BUNDLESPEC=none-packed1
  > EOF

  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT stream-clone-vanilla-spec
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/packed.hg
  4 files to transfer, 613 bytes of data
  transferred 613 bytes in *.* seconds (*) (glob)
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Bundle spec with format requirements should work

  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/packed.hg BUNDLESPEC=none-packed1;requirements%3Drevlogv1
  > EOF

  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT stream-clone-supported-requirements
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/packed.hg
  4 files to transfer, 613 bytes of data
  transferred 613 bytes in *.* seconds (*) (glob)
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Stream bundle spec with unknown requirements should be filtered out

  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/packed.hg BUNDLESPEC=none-packed1;requirements%3Drevlogv42
  > EOF

  $ hg clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT stream-clone-unsupported-requirements
  no compatible clone bundles available on server; falling back to regular clone
  (you may want to report this to the server operator)
  requesting all changes
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files

Set up manifest for testing preferences
(Remember, the TYPE does not have to match reality - the URL is
important)

  $ cp full.hg gz-a.hg
  $ cp full.hg gz-b.hg
  $ cp full.hg bz2-a.hg
  $ cp full.hg bz2-b.hg
  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/gz-a.hg BUNDLESPEC=gzip-v2 extra=a
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bz2-a.hg BUNDLESPEC=bzip2-v2 extra=a
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/gz-b.hg BUNDLESPEC=gzip-v2 extra=b
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bz2-b.hg BUNDLESPEC=bzip2-v2 extra=b
  > EOF

Preferring an undefined attribute will take first entry

  $ hg --config ui.clonebundleprefers=foo=bar clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT prefer-foo
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/gz-a.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Preferring bz2 type will download first entry of that type

  $ hg --config ui.clonebundleprefers=COMPRESSION=bzip2 clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT prefer-bz
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bz2-a.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Preferring multiple values of an option works

  $ hg --config ui.clonebundleprefers=COMPRESSION=unknown,COMPRESSION=bzip2 clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT prefer-multiple-bz
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bz2-a.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Sorting multiple values should get us back to original first entry

  $ hg --config ui.clonebundleprefers=BUNDLESPEC=unknown,BUNDLESPEC=gzip-v2,BUNDLESPEC=bzip2-v2 clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT prefer-multiple-gz
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/gz-a.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Preferring multiple attributes has correct order

  $ hg --config ui.clonebundleprefers=extra=b,BUNDLESPEC=bzip2-v2 clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT prefer-separate-attributes
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bz2-b.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found

Test where attribute is missing from some entries

  $ cat > server/.hg/clonebundles.manifest << EOF
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/gz-a.hg BUNDLESPEC=gzip-v2
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bz2-a.hg BUNDLESPEC=bzip2-v2
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/gz-b.hg BUNDLESPEC=gzip-v2 extra=b
  > http://localhost:$HGPORT1/bz2-b.hg BUNDLESPEC=bzip2-v2 extra=b
  > EOF

  $ hg --config ui.clonebundleprefers=extra=b clone -U http://localhost:$HGPORT prefer-partially-defined-attribute
  applying clone bundle from http://localhost:$HGPORT1/gz-b.hg
  adding changesets
  adding manifests
  adding file changes
  added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files
  finished applying clone bundle
  searching for changes
  no changes found