contrib/import-checker.py

log: add a status template

It appears that git users like having a --name-status option on `git
log`. There exist at least three questions on StackOverflow on how to
do this for hg. The desired output is not difficult to build with
templates, and since this is something that svn users might also want,
it seems desirable to have this as another standard template.

This mimics the output of `hg status` and adds it to the log output.
It also follows status's convention of displaying copies with a -C
option. Brief example:

    $ hg log -T status -C
    changeset:   24883:7d1b9b7ac9fd
    bookmark:    statustemplate
    tag:         tip
    parent:      24864:c560d8c68791
    user:        Jordi Gutiérrez Hermoso <[e-mail]>
    date:        Wed Apr 22 14:05:04 2015 -0400
    summary:     log: add a status template
    files:
    A added
    A copied
      original
    M modified
    R removed

Of course, everything is also coloured correctly, and there are tests
to prove it.

import ast
import os
import sys

# Import a minimal set of stdlib modules needed for list_stdlib_modules()
# to work when run from a virtualenv.  The modules were chosen empirically
# so that the return value matches the return value without virtualenv.
import BaseHTTPServer
import zlib

def dotted_name_of_path(path, trimpure=False):
    """Given a relative path to a source file, return its dotted module name.

    >>> dotted_name_of_path('mercurial/error.py')
    'mercurial.error'
    >>> dotted_name_of_path('mercurial/pure/parsers.py', trimpure=True)
    'mercurial.parsers'
    >>> dotted_name_of_path('zlibmodule.so')
    'zlib'
    """
    parts = path.split('/')
    parts[-1] = parts[-1].split('.', 1)[0] # remove .py and .so and .ARCH.so
    if parts[-1].endswith('module'):
        parts[-1] = parts[-1][:-6]
    if trimpure:
        return '.'.join(p for p in parts if p != 'pure')
    return '.'.join(parts)


def list_stdlib_modules():
    """List the modules present in the stdlib.

    >>> mods = set(list_stdlib_modules())
    >>> 'BaseHTTPServer' in mods
    True

    os.path isn't really a module, so it's missing:

    >>> 'os.path' in mods
    False

    sys requires special treatment, because it's baked into the
    interpreter, but it should still appear:

    >>> 'sys' in mods
    True

    >>> 'collections' in mods
    True

    >>> 'cStringIO' in mods
    True
    """
    for m in sys.builtin_module_names:
        yield m
    # These modules only exist on windows, but we should always
    # consider them stdlib.
    for m in ['msvcrt', '_winreg']:
        yield m
    # These get missed too
    for m in 'ctypes', 'email':
        yield m
    yield 'builtins' # python3 only
    for m in 'fcntl', 'grp', 'pwd', 'termios':  # Unix only
        yield m
    stdlib_prefixes = set([sys.prefix, sys.exec_prefix])
    # We need to supplement the list of prefixes for the search to work
    # when run from within a virtualenv.
    for mod in (BaseHTTPServer, zlib):
        try:
            # Not all module objects have a __file__ attribute.
            filename = mod.__file__
        except AttributeError:
            continue
        dirname = os.path.dirname(filename)
        for prefix in stdlib_prefixes:
            if dirname.startswith(prefix):
                # Then this directory is redundant.
                break
        else:
            stdlib_prefixes.add(dirname)
    for libpath in sys.path:
        # We want to walk everything in sys.path that starts with
        # something in stdlib_prefixes. check-code suppressed because
        # the ast module used by this script implies the availability
        # of any().
        if not any(libpath.startswith(p) for p in stdlib_prefixes): # no-py24
            continue
        if 'site-packages' in libpath:
            continue
        for top, dirs, files in os.walk(libpath):
            for name in files:
                if name == '__init__.py':
                    continue
                if not (name.endswith('.py') or name.endswith('.so')
                        or name.endswith('.pyd')):
                    continue
                full_path = os.path.join(top, name)
                if 'site-packages' in full_path:
                    continue
                rel_path = full_path[len(libpath) + 1:]
                mod = dotted_name_of_path(rel_path)
                yield mod

stdlib_modules = set(list_stdlib_modules())

def imported_modules(source, ignore_nested=False):
    """Given the source of a file as a string, yield the names
    imported by that file.

    Args:
      source: The python source to examine as a string.
      ignore_nested: If true, import statements that do not start in
                     column zero will be ignored.

    Returns:
      A list of module names imported by the given source.

    >>> sorted(imported_modules(
    ...         'import foo ; from baz import bar; import foo.qux'))
    ['baz.bar', 'foo', 'foo.qux']
    >>> sorted(imported_modules(
    ... '''import foo
    ... def wat():
    ...     import bar
    ... ''', ignore_nested=True))
    ['foo']
    """
    for node in ast.walk(ast.parse(source)):
        if ignore_nested and getattr(node, 'col_offset', 0) > 0:
            continue
        if isinstance(node, ast.Import):
            for n in node.names:
                yield n.name
        elif isinstance(node, ast.ImportFrom):
            prefix = node.module + '.'
            for n in node.names:
                yield prefix + n.name

def verify_stdlib_on_own_line(source):
    """Given some python source, verify that stdlib imports are done
    in separate statements from relative local module imports.

    Observing this limitation is important as it works around an
    annoying lib2to3 bug in relative import rewrites:
    http://bugs.python.org/issue19510.

    >>> list(verify_stdlib_on_own_line('import sys, foo'))
    ['mixed imports\\n   stdlib:    sys\\n   relative:  foo']
    >>> list(verify_stdlib_on_own_line('import sys, os'))
    []
    >>> list(verify_stdlib_on_own_line('import foo, bar'))
    []
    """
    for node in ast.walk(ast.parse(source)):
        if isinstance(node, ast.Import):
            from_stdlib = {False: [], True: []}
            for n in node.names:
                from_stdlib[n.name in stdlib_modules].append(n.name)
            if from_stdlib[True] and from_stdlib[False]:
                yield ('mixed imports\n   stdlib:    %s\n   relative:  %s' %
                       (', '.join(sorted(from_stdlib[True])),
                        ', '.join(sorted(from_stdlib[False]))))

class CircularImport(Exception):
    pass

def checkmod(mod, imports):
    shortest = {}
    visit = [[mod]]
    while visit:
        path = visit.pop(0)
        for i in sorted(imports.get(path[-1], [])):
            if i not in stdlib_modules and not i.startswith('mercurial.'):
                i = mod.rsplit('.', 1)[0] + '.' + i
            if len(path) < shortest.get(i, 1000):
                shortest[i] = len(path)
                if i in path:
                    if i == path[0]:
                        raise CircularImport(path)
                    continue
                visit.append(path + [i])

def rotatecycle(cycle):
    """arrange a cycle so that the lexicographically first module listed first

    >>> rotatecycle(['foo', 'bar'])
    ['bar', 'foo', 'bar']
    """
    lowest = min(cycle)
    idx = cycle.index(lowest)
    return cycle[idx:] + cycle[:idx] + [lowest]

def find_cycles(imports):
    """Find cycles in an already-loaded import graph.

    >>> imports = {'top.foo': ['bar', 'os.path', 'qux'],
    ...            'top.bar': ['baz', 'sys'],
    ...            'top.baz': ['foo'],
    ...            'top.qux': ['foo']}
    >>> print '\\n'.join(sorted(find_cycles(imports)))
    top.bar -> top.baz -> top.foo -> top.bar
    top.foo -> top.qux -> top.foo
    """
    cycles = set()
    for mod in sorted(imports.iterkeys()):
        try:
            checkmod(mod, imports)
        except CircularImport, e:
            cycle = e.args[0]
            cycles.add(" -> ".join(rotatecycle(cycle)))
    return cycles

def _cycle_sortkey(c):
    return len(c), c

def main(argv):
    if len(argv) < 2:
        print 'Usage: %s file [file] [file] ...'
        return 1
    used_imports = {}
    any_errors = False
    for source_path in argv[1:]:
        f = open(source_path)
        modname = dotted_name_of_path(source_path, trimpure=True)
        src = f.read()
        used_imports[modname] = sorted(
            imported_modules(src, ignore_nested=True))
        for error in verify_stdlib_on_own_line(src):
            any_errors = True
            print source_path, error
        f.close()
    cycles = find_cycles(used_imports)
    if cycles:
        firstmods = set()
        for c in sorted(cycles, key=_cycle_sortkey):
            first = c.split()[0]
            # As a rough cut, ignore any cycle that starts with the
            # same module as some other cycle. Otherwise we see lots
            # of cycles that are effectively duplicates.
            if first in firstmods:
                continue
            print 'Import cycle:', c
            firstmods.add(first)
        any_errors = True
    return not any_errors

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(int(main(sys.argv)))