view tests/test-convert-svn-sink.t @ 26623:5a95fe44121d

clonebundles: support for seeding clones from pre-generated bundles

Cloning can be an expensive operation for servers because the server
generates a bundle from existing repository data at request time. For
a large repository like mozilla-central, this consumes 4+ minutes
of CPU time on the server. It also results in significant network
utilization. Multiplied by hundreds or even thousands of clients and
the ensuing load can result in difficulties scaling the Mercurial server.

Despite generation of bundles being deterministic until the next
changeset is added, the generation of bundles to service a clone request
is not cached. Each clone thus performs redundant work. This is
wasteful.

This patch introduces the "clonebundles" extension and related
client-side functionality to help alleviate this deficiency. The
client-side feature is behind an experimental flag and is not enabled by
default.

It works as follows:

1) Server operator generates a bundle and makes it available on a
   server (likely HTTP).
2) Server operator defines the URL of a bundle file in a
   .hg/clonebundles.manifest file.
3) Client `hg clone`ing sees the server is advertising bundle URLs.
4) Client fetches and applies the advertised bundle.
5) Client performs equivalent of `hg pull` to fetch changes made since
   the bundle was created.

Essentially, the server performs the expensive work of generating a
bundle once and all subsequent clones fetch a static file from
somewhere. Scaling static file serving is a much more manageable
problem than scaling a Python application like Mercurial. Assuming your
repository grows less than 1% per day, the end result is 99+% of CPU
and network load from clones is eliminated, allowing Mercurial servers
to scale more easily. Serving static files also means data can be
transferred to clients as fast as they can consume it, rather than as
fast as servers can generate it. This makes clones faster.

Mozilla has implemented similar functionality of this patch on
hg.mozilla.org using a custom extension. We are hosting bundle files in
Amazon S3 and CloudFront (a CDN) and have successfully offloaded
>1 TB/day in data transfer from hg.mozilla.org, freeing up significant
bandwidth and CPU resources. The positive impact has been stellar and
I believe it has proved its value to be included in Mercurial core. I
feel it is important for the client-side support to be enabled in core
by default because it means that clients will get faster, more reliable
clones and will enable server operators to reduce load without
requiring any client-side configuration changes (assuming clients are
up to date, of course).

The scope of this feature is narrowly and specifically tailored to
cloning, despite "serve pulls from pre-generated bundles" being a valid
and useful feature. I would eventually like for Mercurial servers to
support transferring *all* repository data via statically hosted files.
You could imagine a server that siphons all pushed data to bundle files
and instructs clients to apply a stream of bundles to reconstruct all
repository data. This feature, while useful and powerful, is
significantly more work to implement because it requires the server
component have awareness of discovery and a mapping of which changesets
are in which files. Full, clone bundles, by contrast, are much simpler.

The wire protocol command is named "clonebundles" instead of something
more generic like "staticbundles" to leave the door open for a new, more
powerful and more generic server-side component with minimal backwards
compatibility implications. The name "bundleclone" is used by Mozilla's
extension and would cause problems since there are subtle differences
in Mozilla's extension.

Mozilla's experience with this idea has taught us that some form of
"content negotiation" is required. Not all clients will support all
bundle formats or even URLs (advanced TLS requirements, etc). To ensure
the highest uptake possible, a server needs to advertise multiple
versions of bundles and clients need to be able to choose the most
appropriate from that list one. The "attributes" in each
server-advertised entry facilitate this filtering and sorting. Their
use will become apparent in subsequent patches.

Initial inspiration and credit for the idea of cloning from static files
belongs to Augie Fackler and his "lookaside clone" extension proof of
concept.

#require svn13

  $ svnupanddisplay()
  > {
  >     (
  >        cd $1;
  >        svn up -q;
  >        svn st -v | sed 's/  */ /g' | sort
  >        limit=''
  >        if [ $2 -gt 0 ]; then
  >            limit="--limit=$2"
  >        fi
  >        svn log --xml -v $limit | python "$TESTDIR/svnxml.py"
  >     )
  > }

  $ cat >> $HGRCPATH <<EOF
  > [extensions]
  > convert =
  > EOF

  $ hg init a

Add

  $ echo a > a/a
  $ mkdir -p a/d1/d2
  $ echo b > a/d1/d2/b
  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '0 0' -A -m 'add a file'
  adding a
  adding d1/d2/b

Modify

  $ svn-safe-append.py a a/a
  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '1 0' -m 'modify a file'
  $ hg --cwd a tip -q
  1:e0e2b8a9156b

  $ hg convert -d svn a
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn repository 'a-hg'
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  1 add a file
  0 modify a file
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 2
   2 1 test d1
   2 1 test d1/d2 (glob)
   2 1 test d1/d2/b (glob)
   2 2 test .
   2 2 test a
  revision: 2
  author: test
  msg: modify a file
   M /a
  revision: 1
  author: test
  msg: add a file
   A /a
   A /d1
   A /d1/d2
   A /d1/d2/b
  $ ls a a-hg-wc
  a:
  a
  d1
  
  a-hg-wc:
  a
  d1
  $ cmp a/a a-hg-wc/a

Rename

  $ hg --cwd a mv a b
  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '2 0' -m 'rename a file'
  $ hg --cwd a tip -q
  2:eb5169441d43

  $ hg convert -d svn a
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  0 rename a file
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 1
   3 1 test d1
   3 1 test d1/d2 (glob)
   3 1 test d1/d2/b (glob)
   3 3 test .
   3 3 test b
  revision: 3
  author: test
  msg: rename a file
   D /a
   A /b (from /a@2)
  $ ls a a-hg-wc
  a:
  b
  d1
  
  a-hg-wc:
  b
  d1

Copy

  $ hg --cwd a cp b c

  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '3 0' -m 'copy a file'
  $ hg --cwd a tip -q
  3:60effef6ab48

  $ hg convert -d svn a
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  0 copy a file
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 1
   4 1 test d1
   4 1 test d1/d2 (glob)
   4 1 test d1/d2/b (glob)
   4 3 test b
   4 4 test .
   4 4 test c
  revision: 4
  author: test
  msg: copy a file
   A /c (from /b@3)
  $ ls a a-hg-wc
  a:
  b
  c
  d1
  
  a-hg-wc:
  b
  c
  d1

  $ hg --cwd a rm b

Remove

  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '4 0' -m 'remove a file'
  $ hg --cwd a tip -q
  4:87bbe3013fb6

  $ hg convert -d svn a
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  0 remove a file
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 1
   5 1 test d1
   5 1 test d1/d2 (glob)
   5 1 test d1/d2/b (glob)
   5 4 test c
   5 5 test .
  revision: 5
  author: test
  msg: remove a file
   D /b
  $ ls a a-hg-wc
  a:
  c
  d1
  
  a-hg-wc:
  c
  d1

Executable

#if execbit
  $ chmod +x a/c
#else
  $ echo fake >> a/c
#endif
  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '5 0' -m 'make a file executable'
#if execbit
  $ hg --cwd a tip -q
  5:ff42e473c340
#else
  $ hg --cwd a tip -q
  5:817a700c8cf1
#endif

  $ hg convert -d svn a
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  0 make a file executable
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 1
   6 1 test d1
   6 1 test d1/d2 (glob)
   6 1 test d1/d2/b (glob)
   6 6 test .
   6 6 test c
  revision: 6
  author: test
  msg: make a file executable
   M /c
#if execbit
  $ test -x a-hg-wc/c
#endif

#if symlink

Symlinks

  $ ln -s a/missing a/link
  $ hg --cwd a commit -Am 'add symlink'
  adding link
  $ hg --cwd a mv link newlink
  $ hg --cwd a commit -m 'move symlink'
  $ hg convert -d svn a a-svnlink
  initializing svn repository 'a-svnlink'
  initializing svn working copy 'a-svnlink-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  7 add a file
  6 modify a file
  5 rename a file
  4 copy a file
  3 remove a file
  2 make a file executable
  1 add symlink
  0 move symlink
  $ svnupanddisplay a-svnlink-wc 1
   8 1 test d1
   8 1 test d1/d2
   8 1 test d1/d2/b
   8 6 test c
   8 8 test .
   8 8 test newlink
  revision: 8
  author: test
  msg: move symlink
   D /link
   A /newlink (from /link@7)

Make sure our changes don't affect the rest of the test cases

  $ hg --cwd a up 5
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 1 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ hg --cwd a --config extensions.strip= strip -r 6
  saved backup bundle to $TESTTMP/a/.hg/strip-backup/bd4f7b7a7067-ed505e42-backup.hg (glob)

#endif

Convert with --full adds and removes files that didn't change

  $ touch a/f
  $ hg -R a ci -Aqmf
  $ echo "rename c d" > filemap
  $ hg convert -d svn a --filemap filemap --full
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  0 f
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 1
   7 7 test .
   7 7 test d
   7 7 test f
  revision: 7
  author: test
  msg: f
   D /c
   A /d
   D /d1
   A /f

  $ rm -rf a a-hg a-hg-wc


Executable in new directory

  $ hg init a

  $ mkdir a/d1
  $ echo a > a/d1/a
#if execbit
  $ chmod +x a/d1/a
#else
  $ echo fake >> a/d1/a
#endif
  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '0 0' -A -m 'add executable file in new directory'
  adding d1/a

  $ hg convert -d svn a
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn repository 'a-hg'
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  0 add executable file in new directory
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 1
   1 1 test .
   1 1 test d1
   1 1 test d1/a (glob)
  revision: 1
  author: test
  msg: add executable file in new directory
   A /d1
   A /d1/a
#if execbit
  $ test -x a-hg-wc/d1/a
#endif

Copy to new directory

  $ mkdir a/d2
  $ hg --cwd a cp d1/a d2/a
  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '1 0' -A -m 'copy file to new directory'

  $ hg convert -d svn a
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  0 copy file to new directory
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 1
   2 1 test d1
   2 1 test d1/a (glob)
   2 2 test .
   2 2 test d2
   2 2 test d2/a (glob)
  revision: 2
  author: test
  msg: copy file to new directory
   A /d2
   A /d2/a (from /d1/a@1)

Branchy history

  $ hg init b
  $ echo base > b/b
  $ hg --cwd b ci -d '0 0' -Ambase
  adding b

  $ svn-safe-append.py left-1 b/b
  $ echo left-1 > b/left-1
  $ hg --cwd b ci -d '1 0' -Amleft-1
  adding left-1

  $ svn-safe-append.py left-2 b/b
  $ echo left-2 > b/left-2
  $ hg --cwd b ci -d '2 0' -Amleft-2
  adding left-2

  $ hg --cwd b up 0
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 2 files removed, 0 files unresolved

  $ svn-safe-append.py right-1 b/b
  $ echo right-1 > b/right-1
  $ hg --cwd b ci -d '3 0' -Amright-1
  adding right-1
  created new head

  $ svn-safe-append.py right-2 b/b
  $ echo right-2 > b/right-2
  $ hg --cwd b ci -d '4 0' -Amright-2
  adding right-2

  $ hg --cwd b up -C 2
  3 files updated, 0 files merged, 2 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ hg --cwd b merge
  merging b
  warning: conflicts while merging b! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg update -C .' to abandon
  [1]
  $ hg --cwd b revert -r 2 b
  $ hg --cwd b resolve -m b
  (no more unresolved files)
  $ hg --cwd b ci -d '5 0' -m 'merge'

Expect 4 changes

  $ hg convert -d svn b
  assuming destination b-hg
  initializing svn repository 'b-hg'
  initializing svn working copy 'b-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  5 base
  4 left-1
  3 left-2
  2 right-1
  1 right-2
  0 merge

  $ svnupanddisplay b-hg-wc 0
   4 2 test left-1
   4 3 test b
   4 3 test left-2
   4 4 test .
   4 4 test right-1
   4 4 test right-2
  revision: 4
  author: test
  msg: merge
   A /right-1
   A /right-2
  revision: 3
  author: test
  msg: left-2
   M /b
   A /left-2
  revision: 2
  author: test
  msg: left-1
   M /b
   A /left-1
  revision: 1
  author: test
  msg: base
   A /b

Tags are not supported, but must not break conversion

  $ rm -rf a a-hg a-hg-wc
  $ hg init a
  $ echo a > a/a
  $ hg --cwd a ci -d '0 0' -A -m 'Add file a'
  adding a
  $ hg --cwd a tag -d '1 0' -m 'Tagged as v1.0' v1.0

  $ hg convert -d svn a
  assuming destination a-hg
  initializing svn repository 'a-hg'
  initializing svn working copy 'a-hg-wc'
  scanning source...
  sorting...
  converting...
  1 Add file a
  0 Tagged as v1.0
  writing Subversion tags is not yet implemented
  $ svnupanddisplay a-hg-wc 2
   2 1 test a
   2 2 test .
   2 2 test .hgtags
  revision: 2
  author: test
  msg: Tagged as v1.0
   A /.hgtags
  revision: 1
  author: test
  msg: Add file a
   A /a
  $ rm -rf a a-hg a-hg-wc