view tests/test-histedit-fold-non-commute.t @ 26623:5a95fe44121d

clonebundles: support for seeding clones from pre-generated bundles

Cloning can be an expensive operation for servers because the server
generates a bundle from existing repository data at request time. For
a large repository like mozilla-central, this consumes 4+ minutes
of CPU time on the server. It also results in significant network
utilization. Multiplied by hundreds or even thousands of clients and
the ensuing load can result in difficulties scaling the Mercurial server.

Despite generation of bundles being deterministic until the next
changeset is added, the generation of bundles to service a clone request
is not cached. Each clone thus performs redundant work. This is
wasteful.

This patch introduces the "clonebundles" extension and related
client-side functionality to help alleviate this deficiency. The
client-side feature is behind an experimental flag and is not enabled by
default.

It works as follows:

1) Server operator generates a bundle and makes it available on a
   server (likely HTTP).
2) Server operator defines the URL of a bundle file in a
   .hg/clonebundles.manifest file.
3) Client `hg clone`ing sees the server is advertising bundle URLs.
4) Client fetches and applies the advertised bundle.
5) Client performs equivalent of `hg pull` to fetch changes made since
   the bundle was created.

Essentially, the server performs the expensive work of generating a
bundle once and all subsequent clones fetch a static file from
somewhere. Scaling static file serving is a much more manageable
problem than scaling a Python application like Mercurial. Assuming your
repository grows less than 1% per day, the end result is 99+% of CPU
and network load from clones is eliminated, allowing Mercurial servers
to scale more easily. Serving static files also means data can be
transferred to clients as fast as they can consume it, rather than as
fast as servers can generate it. This makes clones faster.

Mozilla has implemented similar functionality of this patch on
hg.mozilla.org using a custom extension. We are hosting bundle files in
Amazon S3 and CloudFront (a CDN) and have successfully offloaded
>1 TB/day in data transfer from hg.mozilla.org, freeing up significant
bandwidth and CPU resources. The positive impact has been stellar and
I believe it has proved its value to be included in Mercurial core. I
feel it is important for the client-side support to be enabled in core
by default because it means that clients will get faster, more reliable
clones and will enable server operators to reduce load without
requiring any client-side configuration changes (assuming clients are
up to date, of course).

The scope of this feature is narrowly and specifically tailored to
cloning, despite "serve pulls from pre-generated bundles" being a valid
and useful feature. I would eventually like for Mercurial servers to
support transferring *all* repository data via statically hosted files.
You could imagine a server that siphons all pushed data to bundle files
and instructs clients to apply a stream of bundles to reconstruct all
repository data. This feature, while useful and powerful, is
significantly more work to implement because it requires the server
component have awareness of discovery and a mapping of which changesets
are in which files. Full, clone bundles, by contrast, are much simpler.

The wire protocol command is named "clonebundles" instead of something
more generic like "staticbundles" to leave the door open for a new, more
powerful and more generic server-side component with minimal backwards
compatibility implications. The name "bundleclone" is used by Mozilla's
extension and would cause problems since there are subtle differences
in Mozilla's extension.

Mozilla's experience with this idea has taught us that some form of
"content negotiation" is required. Not all clients will support all
bundle formats or even URLs (advanced TLS requirements, etc). To ensure
the highest uptake possible, a server needs to advertise multiple
versions of bundles and clients need to be able to choose the most
appropriate from that list one. The "attributes" in each
server-advertised entry facilitate this filtering and sorting. Their
use will become apparent in subsequent patches.

Initial inspiration and credit for the idea of cloning from static files
belongs to Augie Fackler and his "lookaside clone" extension proof of
concept.

  $ . "$TESTDIR/histedit-helpers.sh"

  $ cat >> $HGRCPATH <<EOF
  > [extensions]
  > histedit=
  > EOF

  $ initrepo ()
  > {
  >     hg init $1
  >     cd $1
  >     for x in a b c d e f ; do
  >         echo $x$x$x$x$x > $x
  >         hg add $x
  >     done
  >     hg ci -m 'Initial commit'
  >     for x in a b c d e f ; do
  >         echo $x > $x
  >         hg ci -m $x
  >     done
  >     echo 'I can haz no commute' > e
  >     hg ci -m 'does not commute with e'
  >     cd ..
  > }

  $ initrepo r
  $ cd r
Initial generation of the command files

  $ EDITED="$TESTTMP/editedhistory"
  $ hg log --template 'pick {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 3 >> $EDITED
  $ hg log --template 'pick {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 4 >> $EDITED
  $ hg log --template 'fold {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 7 >> $EDITED
  $ hg log --template 'pick {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 5 >> $EDITED
  $ hg log --template 'pick {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 6 >> $EDITED
  $ cat $EDITED
  pick 65a9a84f33fd 3 c
  pick 00f1c5383965 4 d
  fold 39522b764e3d 7 does not commute with e
  pick 7b4e2f4b7bcd 5 e
  pick 500cac37a696 6 f

log before edit
  $ hg log --graph
  @  changeset:   7:39522b764e3d
  |  tag:         tip
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     does not commute with e
  |
  o  changeset:   6:500cac37a696
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     f
  |
  o  changeset:   5:7b4e2f4b7bcd
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     e
  |
  o  changeset:   4:00f1c5383965
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     d
  |
  o  changeset:   3:65a9a84f33fd
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     c
  |
  o  changeset:   2:da6535b52e45
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     b
  |
  o  changeset:   1:c1f09da44841
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     a
  |
  o  changeset:   0:1715188a53c7
     user:        test
     date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
     summary:     Initial commit
  

edit the history
  $ hg histedit 3 --commands $EDITED 2>&1 | fixbundle
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  merging e
  warning: conflicts while merging e! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  Fix up the change and run hg histedit --continue

fix up
  $ echo 'I can haz no commute' > e
  $ hg resolve --mark e
  (no more unresolved files)
  $ cat > cat.py <<EOF
  > import sys
  > print open(sys.argv[1]).read()
  > print
  > print
  > EOF
  $ HGEDITOR="python cat.py" hg histedit --continue 2>&1 | fixbundle | grep -v '2 files removed'
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  d
  ***
  does not commute with e
  
  
  
  HG: Enter commit message.  Lines beginning with 'HG:' are removed.
  HG: Leave message empty to abort commit.
  HG: --
  HG: user: test
  HG: branch 'default'
  HG: changed d
  HG: changed e
  
  
  
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  merging e
  warning: conflicts while merging e! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  Fix up the change and run hg histedit --continue

just continue this time
  $ hg revert -r 'p1()' e
  $ hg resolve --mark e
  (no more unresolved files)
  $ hg histedit --continue 2>&1 | fixbundle
  7b4e2f4b7bcd: empty changeset
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

log after edit
  $ hg log --graph
  @  changeset:   5:d9cf42e54966
  |  tag:         tip
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     f
  |
  o  changeset:   4:10486af2e984
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     d
  |
  o  changeset:   3:65a9a84f33fd
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     c
  |
  o  changeset:   2:da6535b52e45
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     b
  |
  o  changeset:   1:c1f09da44841
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     a
  |
  o  changeset:   0:1715188a53c7
     user:        test
     date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
     summary:     Initial commit
  

contents of e
  $ hg cat e
  I can haz no commute

manifest
  $ hg manifest
  a
  b
  c
  d
  e
  f

  $ cd ..

Repeat test using "roll", not "fold". "roll" folds in changes but drops message

  $ initrepo r2
  $ cd r2

Initial generation of the command files

  $ EDITED="$TESTTMP/editedhistory.2"
  $ hg log --template 'pick {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 3 >> $EDITED
  $ hg log --template 'pick {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 4 >> $EDITED
  $ hg log --template 'roll {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 7 >> $EDITED
  $ hg log --template 'pick {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 5 >> $EDITED
  $ hg log --template 'pick {node|short} {rev} {desc}\n' -r 6 >> $EDITED
  $ cat $EDITED
  pick 65a9a84f33fd 3 c
  pick 00f1c5383965 4 d
  roll 39522b764e3d 7 does not commute with e
  pick 7b4e2f4b7bcd 5 e
  pick 500cac37a696 6 f

log before edit
  $ hg log --graph
  @  changeset:   7:39522b764e3d
  |  tag:         tip
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     does not commute with e
  |
  o  changeset:   6:500cac37a696
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     f
  |
  o  changeset:   5:7b4e2f4b7bcd
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     e
  |
  o  changeset:   4:00f1c5383965
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     d
  |
  o  changeset:   3:65a9a84f33fd
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     c
  |
  o  changeset:   2:da6535b52e45
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     b
  |
  o  changeset:   1:c1f09da44841
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     a
  |
  o  changeset:   0:1715188a53c7
     user:        test
     date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
     summary:     Initial commit
  

edit the history
  $ hg histedit 3 --commands $EDITED 2>&1 | fixbundle
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  merging e
  warning: conflicts while merging e! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  Fix up the change and run hg histedit --continue

fix up
  $ echo 'I can haz no commute' > e
  $ hg resolve --mark e
  (no more unresolved files)
  $ hg histedit --continue 2>&1 | fixbundle | grep -v '2 files removed'
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  merging e
  warning: conflicts while merging e! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  Fix up the change and run hg histedit --continue

just continue this time
  $ hg revert -r 'p1()' e
  $ hg resolve --mark e
  (no more unresolved files)
  $ hg histedit --continue 2>&1 | fixbundle
  7b4e2f4b7bcd: empty changeset
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

log after edit
  $ hg log --graph
  @  changeset:   5:e7c4f5d4eb75
  |  tag:         tip
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     f
  |
  o  changeset:   4:803d1bb561fc
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     d
  |
  o  changeset:   3:65a9a84f33fd
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     c
  |
  o  changeset:   2:da6535b52e45
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     b
  |
  o  changeset:   1:c1f09da44841
  |  user:        test
  |  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  |  summary:     a
  |
  o  changeset:   0:1715188a53c7
     user:        test
     date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
     summary:     Initial commit
  

contents of e
  $ hg cat e
  I can haz no commute

manifest
  $ hg manifest
  a
  b
  c
  d
  e
  f

description is taken from rollup target commit

  $ hg log --debug --rev 4
  changeset:   4:803d1bb561fceac3129ec778db9da249a3106fc3
  phase:       draft
  parent:      3:65a9a84f33fdeb1ad5679b3941ec885d2b24027b
  parent:      -1:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
  manifest:    4:b068a323d969f22af1296ec6a5ea9384cef437ac
  user:        test
  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
  files:       d e
  extra:       branch=default
  extra:       histedit_source=00f1c53839651fa5c76d423606811ea5455a79d0,39522b764e3d26103f08bd1fa2ccd3e3d7dbcf4e
  description:
  d
  
  

done with repo r2

  $ cd ..