view tests/test-push-http-bundle1.t @ 26623:5a95fe44121d

clonebundles: support for seeding clones from pre-generated bundles

Cloning can be an expensive operation for servers because the server
generates a bundle from existing repository data at request time. For
a large repository like mozilla-central, this consumes 4+ minutes
of CPU time on the server. It also results in significant network
utilization. Multiplied by hundreds or even thousands of clients and
the ensuing load can result in difficulties scaling the Mercurial server.

Despite generation of bundles being deterministic until the next
changeset is added, the generation of bundles to service a clone request
is not cached. Each clone thus performs redundant work. This is
wasteful.

This patch introduces the "clonebundles" extension and related
client-side functionality to help alleviate this deficiency. The
client-side feature is behind an experimental flag and is not enabled by
default.

It works as follows:

1) Server operator generates a bundle and makes it available on a
   server (likely HTTP).
2) Server operator defines the URL of a bundle file in a
   .hg/clonebundles.manifest file.
3) Client `hg clone`ing sees the server is advertising bundle URLs.
4) Client fetches and applies the advertised bundle.
5) Client performs equivalent of `hg pull` to fetch changes made since
   the bundle was created.

Essentially, the server performs the expensive work of generating a
bundle once and all subsequent clones fetch a static file from
somewhere. Scaling static file serving is a much more manageable
problem than scaling a Python application like Mercurial. Assuming your
repository grows less than 1% per day, the end result is 99+% of CPU
and network load from clones is eliminated, allowing Mercurial servers
to scale more easily. Serving static files also means data can be
transferred to clients as fast as they can consume it, rather than as
fast as servers can generate it. This makes clones faster.

Mozilla has implemented similar functionality of this patch on
hg.mozilla.org using a custom extension. We are hosting bundle files in
Amazon S3 and CloudFront (a CDN) and have successfully offloaded
>1 TB/day in data transfer from hg.mozilla.org, freeing up significant
bandwidth and CPU resources. The positive impact has been stellar and
I believe it has proved its value to be included in Mercurial core. I
feel it is important for the client-side support to be enabled in core
by default because it means that clients will get faster, more reliable
clones and will enable server operators to reduce load without
requiring any client-side configuration changes (assuming clients are
up to date, of course).

The scope of this feature is narrowly and specifically tailored to
cloning, despite "serve pulls from pre-generated bundles" being a valid
and useful feature. I would eventually like for Mercurial servers to
support transferring *all* repository data via statically hosted files.
You could imagine a server that siphons all pushed data to bundle files
and instructs clients to apply a stream of bundles to reconstruct all
repository data. This feature, while useful and powerful, is
significantly more work to implement because it requires the server
component have awareness of discovery and a mapping of which changesets
are in which files. Full, clone bundles, by contrast, are much simpler.

The wire protocol command is named "clonebundles" instead of something
more generic like "staticbundles" to leave the door open for a new, more
powerful and more generic server-side component with minimal backwards
compatibility implications. The name "bundleclone" is used by Mozilla's
extension and would cause problems since there are subtle differences
in Mozilla's extension.

Mozilla's experience with this idea has taught us that some form of
"content negotiation" is required. Not all clients will support all
bundle formats or even URLs (advanced TLS requirements, etc). To ensure
the highest uptake possible, a server needs to advertise multiple
versions of bundles and clients need to be able to choose the most
appropriate from that list one. The "attributes" in each
server-advertised entry facilitate this filtering and sorting. Their
use will become apparent in subsequent patches.

Initial inspiration and credit for the idea of cloning from static files
belongs to Augie Fackler and his "lookaside clone" extension proof of
concept.

#require killdaemons

This test checks behavior related to bundle1 that changed or is likely
to change with bundle2. Feel free to factor out any part of the test
which does not need to exist to keep bundle1 working.

  $ cat << EOF >> $HGRCPATH
  > [experimental]
  > # This test is dedicated to interaction through old bundle
  > bundle2-exp = False
  > EOF

  $ hg init test
  $ cd test
  $ echo a > a
  $ hg ci -Ama
  adding a
  $ cd ..
  $ hg clone test test2
  updating to branch default
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ cd test2
  $ echo a >> a
  $ hg ci -mb
  $ req() {
  >     hg serve -p $HGPORT -d --pid-file=hg.pid -E errors.log
  >     cat hg.pid >> $DAEMON_PIDS
  >     hg --cwd ../test2 push http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  >     exitstatus=$?
  >     killdaemons.py
  >     echo % serve errors
  >     cat errors.log
  >     return $exitstatus
  > }
  $ cd ../test

expect ssl error

  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  abort: HTTP Error 403: ssl required
  % serve errors
  [255]

expect authorization error

  $ echo '[web]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'push_ssl = false' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  abort: authorization failed
  % serve errors
  [255]

expect authorization error: must have authorized user

  $ echo 'allow_push = unperson' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  abort: authorization failed
  % serve errors
  [255]

expect success

  $ echo 'allow_push = *' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo '[hooks]' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo "changegroup = printenv.py changegroup 0" >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo "pushkey = printenv.py pushkey 0" >> .hg/hgrc
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  remote: adding changesets
  remote: adding manifests
  remote: adding file changes
  remote: added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  remote: changegroup hook: HG_NODE=ba677d0156c1196c1a699fa53f390dcfc3ce3872 HG_SOURCE=serve HG_TXNID=TXN:* HG_URL=remote:http:127.0.0.1: (glob)
  % serve errors
  $ hg rollback
  repository tip rolled back to revision 0 (undo serve)

expect success, server lacks the httpheader capability

  $ CAP=httpheader
  $ . "$TESTDIR/notcapable"
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  remote: adding changesets
  remote: adding manifests
  remote: adding file changes
  remote: added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  remote: changegroup hook: HG_NODE=ba677d0156c1196c1a699fa53f390dcfc3ce3872 HG_SOURCE=serve HG_TXNID=TXN:* HG_URL=remote:http:127.0.0.1: (glob)
  % serve errors
  $ hg rollback
  repository tip rolled back to revision 0 (undo serve)

expect success, server lacks the unbundlehash capability

  $ CAP=unbundlehash
  $ . "$TESTDIR/notcapable"
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  remote: adding changesets
  remote: adding manifests
  remote: adding file changes
  remote: added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  remote: changegroup hook: HG_NODE=ba677d0156c1196c1a699fa53f390dcfc3ce3872 HG_SOURCE=serve HG_TXNID=TXN:* HG_URL=remote:http:127.0.0.1: (glob)
  % serve errors
  $ hg rollback
  repository tip rolled back to revision 0 (undo serve)

expect success, pre-d1b16a746db6 server supports the unbundle capability, but
has no parameter

  $ cat <<EOF > notcapable-unbundleparam.py
  > from mercurial import extensions, httppeer
  > def capable(orig, self, name):
  >     if name == 'unbundle':
  >         return True
  >     return orig(self, name)
  > def uisetup(ui):
  >     extensions.wrapfunction(httppeer.httppeer, 'capable', capable)
  > EOF
  $ cp $HGRCPATH $HGRCPATH.orig
  $ cat <<EOF >> $HGRCPATH
  > [extensions]
  > notcapable-unbundleparam = `pwd`/notcapable-unbundleparam.py
  > EOF
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  remote: adding changesets
  remote: adding manifests
  remote: adding file changes
  remote: added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  remote: changegroup hook: * (glob)
  % serve errors
  $ hg rollback
  repository tip rolled back to revision 0 (undo serve)
  $ mv $HGRCPATH.orig $HGRCPATH

expect push success, phase change failure

  $ cat > .hg/hgrc <<EOF
  > [web]
  > push_ssl = false
  > allow_push = *
  > [hooks]
  > prepushkey = printenv.py prepushkey 1
  > EOF
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  remote: adding changesets
  remote: adding manifests
  remote: adding file changes
  remote: added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files
  % serve errors

expect phase change success

  $ echo "prepushkey = printenv.py prepushkey 0" >> .hg/hgrc
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  no changes found
  % serve errors
  [1]
  $ hg rollback
  repository tip rolled back to revision 0 (undo serve)

expect authorization error: all users denied

  $ echo '[web]' > .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'push_ssl = false' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ echo 'deny_push = *' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  abort: authorization failed
  % serve errors
  [255]

expect authorization error: some users denied, users must be authenticated

  $ echo 'deny_push = unperson' >> .hg/hgrc
  $ req
  pushing to http://localhost:$HGPORT/
  searching for changes
  abort: authorization failed
  % serve errors
  [255]

  $ cd ..