view tests/test-obsolete-tag-cache.t @ 35569:964212780daf

rust: implementation of `hg`

This commit provides a mostly-working implementation of the
`hg` script in Rust along with scaffolding to support Rust in
the repository.

If you are familiar with Rust, the contents of the added rust/
directory should be pretty straightforward. We create an "hgcli"
package that implements a binary application to run Mercurial.
The output of this package is an "hg" binary.

Our Rust `hg` (henceforth "rhg") essentially is a port of the existing
`hg` Python script. The main difference is the creation of the embedded
CPython interpreter is handled by the binary itself instead of relying
on the shebang. In that sense, rhg is more similar to the "exe wrapper"
we currently use on Windows. However, unlike the exe wrapper, rhg does
not call the `hg` Python script. Instead, it uses the CPython APIs to
import mercurial modules and call appropriate functions. The amount of
code here is surprisingly small.

It is my intent to replace the existing C-based exe wrapper with rhg.
Preferably in the next Mercurial release. This should be achievable -
at least for some Mercurial distributions. The future/timeline for
rhg on other platforms is less clear. We already ship a hg.exe on
Windows. So if we get the quirks with Rust worked out, shipping a
Rust-based hg.exe should hopefully not be too contentious.

Now onto the implementation.

We're using python27-sys and the cpython crates for talking to the
CPython API. We currently don't use too much functionality of the
cpython crate and could have probably cut it out. However, it does
provide a reasonable abstraction over unsafe {} CPython function
calls. While we still have our fair share of those, at least we're
not dealing with too much refcounting, error checking, etc. So I
think the use of the cpython crate is justified. Plus, there is
not-yet-implemented functionality that could benefit from cpython. I
see our use of this crate only increasing.

The cpython and python27-sys crates are not without their issues.
The cpython crate didn't seem to account for the embedding use case
in its design. Instead, it seems to assume that you are building
a Python extension. It is making some questionable decisions around
certain CPython APIs. For example, it insists that
PyEval_ThreadsInitialized() is called and that the Python code
likely isn't the main thread in the underlying application. It
is also missing some functionality that is important for embedded
use cases (such as exporting the path to the Python interpreter
from its build script). After spending several hours trying to
wrangle python27-sys and cpython, I gave up and forked the project
on GitHub. Our Cargo.toml tracks this fork. I'm optimistic that
the upstream project will accept our contributions and we can
eventually unfork.

There is a non-trivial amount of code in our custom Cargo build
script. Our build.rs (which is called as part of building the hgcli
crate):

* Validates that the Python interpreter that was detected by the
  python27-sys crate provides a shared library (we only support
  shared library linking at this time - although this restriction
  could be loosened).
* Validates that the Python is built with UCS-4 support. This ensures
  maximum Unicode compatibility.
* Exports variables to the crate build allowing the built crate to e.g.
  find the path to the Python interpreter.

The produced rhg should be considered alpha quality. There are several
known deficiencies. Many of these are documented with inline TODOs.

Probably the biggest limitation of rhg is that it assumes it is
running from the ./rust/target/<target> directory of a source
distribution. So, rhg is currently not very practical for real-world
use. But, if you can `cargo build` it, running the binary *should*
yield a working Mercurial CLI.

In order to support using rhg with the test harness, we needed to hack
up run-tests.py so the path to Mercurial's Python files is set properly.
The change is extremely hacky and is only intended to be a stop-gap
until the test harness gains first-class support for installing rhg.
This will likely occur after we support running rhg outside the
source directory.

Despite its officially alpha quality, rhg copes extremely well with
the test harness (at least on Linux). Using
`run-tests.py --with-hg ../rust/target/debug/hg`, I only encounter
the following failures:

* test-run-tests.t -- Warnings emitted about using an unexpected
  Mercurial library. This is due to the hacky nature of setting the
  Python directory when run-tests.py detected rhg.
* test-devel-warnings.t -- Expected stack trace missing frame for `hg`
  (This is expected since we no longer have an `hg` script!)
* test-convert.t -- Test running `$PYTHON "$BINDIR"/hg`, which obviously
  assumes `hg` is a Python script.
* test-merge-tools.t -- Same assumption about `hg` being executable with
  Python.
* test-http-bad-server.t -- Seeing exit code 255 instead of 1 around
  line 358.
* test-blackbox.t -- Exit code 255 instead of 1.
* test-basic.t -- Exit code 255 instead of 1.

It certainly looks like we have a bug around exit code handling. I
don't think it is severe enough to hold up review and landing of this
initial implementation. Perfect is the enemy of good.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D1581

  $ cat >> $HGRCPATH << EOF
  > [extensions]
  > blackbox=
  > rebase=
  > mock=$TESTDIR/mockblackbox.py
  > 
  > [experimental]
  > evolution.createmarkers=True
  > EOF

Create a repo with some tags

  $ hg init repo
  $ cd repo
  $ echo initial > foo
  $ hg -q commit -A -m initial
  $ hg tag -m 'test tag' test1
  $ echo first > first
  $ hg -q commit -A -m first
  $ hg tag -m 'test2 tag' test2
  $ hg -q up -r 0
  $ echo newhead > newhead
  $ hg commit -A -m newhead
  adding newhead
  created new head
  $ hg tag -m 'test head 2 tag' head2

  $ hg log -G -T '{rev}:{node|short} {tags} {desc}\n'
  @  5:2942a772f72a tip test head 2 tag
  |
  o  4:042eb6bfcc49 head2 newhead
  |
  | o  3:c3cb30f2d2cd  test2 tag
  | |
  | o  2:d75775ffbc6b test2 first
  | |
  | o  1:5f97d42da03f  test tag
  |/
  o  0:55482a6fb4b1 test1 initial
  

Trigger tags cache population by doing something that accesses tags info

  $ hg tags
  tip                                5:2942a772f72a
  head2                              4:042eb6bfcc49
  test2                              2:d75775ffbc6b
  test1                              0:55482a6fb4b1

  $ cat .hg/cache/tags2-visible
  5 2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6
  042eb6bfcc4909bad84a1cbf6eb1ddf0ab587d41 head2
  55482a6fb4b1881fa8f746fd52cf6f096bb21c89 test1
  d75775ffbc6bca1794d300f5571272879bd280da test2

Hiding a non-tip changeset should change filtered hash and cause tags recompute

  $ hg debugobsolete -d '0 0' c3cb30f2d2cd0aae008cc91a07876e3c5131fd22 -u dummyuser
  obsoleted 1 changesets

  $ hg tags
  tip                                5:2942a772f72a
  head2                              4:042eb6bfcc49
  test1                              0:55482a6fb4b1

  $ cat .hg/cache/tags2-visible
  5 2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 f34fbc9a9769ba9eff5aff3d008a6b49f85c08b1
  042eb6bfcc4909bad84a1cbf6eb1ddf0ab587d41 head2
  55482a6fb4b1881fa8f746fd52cf6f096bb21c89 test1

  $ hg blackbox -l 5
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> tags
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> 2/2 cache hits/lookups in * seconds (glob)
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> writing .hg/cache/tags2-visible with 2 tags
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> tags exited 0 after * seconds (glob)
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> blackbox -l 5

Hiding another changeset should cause the filtered hash to change

  $ hg debugobsolete -d '0 0' d75775ffbc6bca1794d300f5571272879bd280da -u dummyuser
  obsoleted 1 changesets
  $ hg debugobsolete -d '0 0' 5f97d42da03fd56f3b228b03dfe48af5c0adf75b -u dummyuser
  obsoleted 1 changesets

  $ hg tags
  tip                                5:2942a772f72a
  head2                              4:042eb6bfcc49

  $ cat .hg/cache/tags2-visible
  5 2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 2fce1eec33263d08a4d04293960fc73a555230e4
  042eb6bfcc4909bad84a1cbf6eb1ddf0ab587d41 head2

  $ hg blackbox -l 5
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> tags
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> 1/1 cache hits/lookups in * seconds (glob)
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> writing .hg/cache/tags2-visible with 1 tags
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> tags exited 0 after * seconds (glob)
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> blackbox -l 5

Resolving tags on an unfiltered repo writes a separate tags cache

  $ hg --hidden tags
  tip                                5:2942a772f72a
  head2                              4:042eb6bfcc49
  test2                              2:d75775ffbc6b
  test1                              0:55482a6fb4b1

  $ cat .hg/cache/tags2
  5 2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6
  042eb6bfcc4909bad84a1cbf6eb1ddf0ab587d41 head2
  55482a6fb4b1881fa8f746fd52cf6f096bb21c89 test1
  d75775ffbc6bca1794d300f5571272879bd280da test2

  $ hg blackbox -l 5
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> --hidden tags
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> 2/2 cache hits/lookups in * seconds (glob)
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> writing .hg/cache/tags2 with 3 tags
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> --hidden tags exited 0 after * seconds (glob)
  1970/01/01 00:00:00 bob @2942a772f72a444bef4bef13874d515f50fa27b6 (5000)> blackbox -l 5