view mercurial/pvec.py @ 38103:a2f83661f721

state: import the file to write state files from evolve extension

The current way of writing state files is very obscure with each state file
having it's own format to store state files. There is no centralized way to
write state files in a good format. Moreover the current state files are not
extensible, you cannot add more data to store in state files in reliable ways.

To solve the problem, I wrote my own serialization and deserialization format,
looked into existing formats like Protobuf, MessagePack, JSON but CBOR looks
very promising and is suggested by people in the community.

The current interface to store state files is to directly write data in files
when things abort. Using the class imported by this commit, we can create
objects which has a dict like interface and can store data on the object and
store it on the file when things abort.

The evolve extension is using the state file for `evolve`, `grab` commands and
using it for resolution of orphaness, phase-divergence and content-divergence.

The file is moved from changeset e4ac2e2c2086f977afa35e23a62f849e9305a225 of the
evolve extension which is also tagged as 7.3.0.
The following changes are made to the file while moving to core:

  * import util from current directory as this file in mercurial/ now
  * make cmdstate class extend object
  * removed mutable default value for opts in cmdstate.__init__
  * some doc changes to replace out of core things with in-core ones

evolve extension can be found at https://bitbucket.org/marmoute/mutable-history

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D2591

# pvec.py - probabilistic vector clocks for Mercurial
#
# Copyright 2012 Matt Mackall <[e-mail]>
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.

'''
A "pvec" is a changeset property based on the theory of vector clocks
that can be compared to discover relatedness without consulting a
graph. This can be useful for tasks like determining how a
disconnected patch relates to a repository.

Currently a pvec consist of 448 bits, of which 24 are 'depth' and the
remainder are a bit vector. It is represented as a 70-character base85
string.

Construction:

- a root changeset has a depth of 0 and a bit vector based on its hash
- a normal commit has a changeset where depth is increased by one and
  one bit vector bit is flipped based on its hash
- a merge changeset pvec is constructed by copying changes from one pvec into
  the other to balance its depth

Properties:

- for linear changes, difference in depth is always <= hamming distance
- otherwise, changes are probably divergent
- when hamming distance is < 200, we can reliably detect when pvecs are near

Issues:

- hamming distance ceases to work over distances of ~ 200
- detecting divergence is less accurate when the common ancestor is very close
  to either revision or total distance is high
- this could probably be improved by modeling the relation between
  delta and hdist

Uses:

- a patch pvec can be used to locate the nearest available common ancestor for
  resolving conflicts
- ordering of patches can be established without a DAG
- two head pvecs can be compared to determine whether push/pull/merge is needed
  and approximately how many changesets are involved
- can be used to find a heuristic divergence measure between changesets on
  different branches
'''

from __future__ import absolute_import

from .node import nullrev
from . import (
    util,
)

_size = 448 # 70 chars b85-encoded
_bytes = _size / 8
_depthbits = 24
_depthbytes = _depthbits / 8
_vecbytes = _bytes - _depthbytes
_vecbits = _vecbytes * 8
_radius = (_vecbits - 30) / 2 # high probability vectors are related

def _bin(bs):
    '''convert a bytestring to a long'''
    v = 0
    for b in bs:
        v = v * 256 + ord(b)
    return v

def _str(v, l):
    bs = ""
    for p in xrange(l):
        bs = chr(v & 255) + bs
        v >>= 8
    return bs

def _split(b):
    '''depth and bitvec'''
    return _bin(b[:_depthbytes]), _bin(b[_depthbytes:])

def _join(depth, bitvec):
    return _str(depth, _depthbytes) + _str(bitvec, _vecbytes)

def _hweight(x):
    c = 0
    while x:
        if x & 1:
            c += 1
        x >>= 1
    return c
_htab = [_hweight(x) for x in xrange(256)]

def _hamming(a, b):
    '''find the hamming distance between two longs'''
    d = a ^ b
    c = 0
    while d:
        c += _htab[d & 0xff]
        d >>= 8
    return c

def _mergevec(x, y, c):
    # Ideally, this function would be x ^ y ^ ancestor, but finding
    # ancestors is a nuisance. So instead we find the minimal number
    # of changes to balance the depth and hamming distance

    d1, v1 = x
    d2, v2 = y
    if d1 < d2:
        d1, d2, v1, v2 = d2, d1, v2, v1

    hdist = _hamming(v1, v2)
    ddist = d1 - d2
    v = v1
    m = v1 ^ v2 # mask of different bits
    i = 1

    if hdist > ddist:
        # if delta = 10 and hdist = 100, then we need to go up 55 steps
        # to the ancestor and down 45
        changes = (hdist - ddist + 1) / 2
    else:
        # must make at least one change
        changes = 1
    depth = d1 + changes

    # copy changes from v2
    if m:
        while changes:
            if m & i:
                v ^= i
                changes -= 1
            i <<= 1
    else:
        v = _flipbit(v, c)

    return depth, v

def _flipbit(v, node):
    # converting bit strings to longs is slow
    bit = (hash(node) & 0xffffffff) % _vecbits
    return v ^ (1<<bit)

def ctxpvec(ctx):
    '''construct a pvec for ctx while filling in the cache'''
    r = ctx.repo()
    if not util.safehasattr(r, "_pveccache"):
        r._pveccache = {}
    pvc = r._pveccache
    if ctx.rev() not in pvc:
        cl = r.changelog
        for n in xrange(ctx.rev() + 1):
            if n not in pvc:
                node = cl.node(n)
                p1, p2 = cl.parentrevs(n)
                if p1 == nullrev:
                    # start with a 'random' vector at root
                    pvc[n] = (0, _bin((node * 3)[:_vecbytes]))
                elif p2 == nullrev:
                    d, v = pvc[p1]
                    pvc[n] = (d + 1, _flipbit(v, node))
                else:
                    pvc[n] = _mergevec(pvc[p1], pvc[p2], node)
    bs = _join(*pvc[ctx.rev()])
    return pvec(util.b85encode(bs))

class pvec(object):
    def __init__(self, hashorctx):
        if isinstance(hashorctx, str):
            self._bs = hashorctx
            self._depth, self._vec = _split(util.b85decode(hashorctx))
        else:
            self._vec = ctxpvec(hashorctx)

    def __str__(self):
        return self._bs

    def __eq__(self, b):
        return self._vec == b._vec and self._depth == b._depth

    def __lt__(self, b):
        delta = b._depth - self._depth
        if delta < 0:
            return False # always correct
        if _hamming(self._vec, b._vec) > delta:
            return False
        return True

    def __gt__(self, b):
        return b < self

    def __or__(self, b):
        delta = abs(b._depth - self._depth)
        if _hamming(self._vec, b._vec) <= delta:
            return False
        return True

    def __sub__(self, b):
        if self | b:
            raise ValueError("concurrent pvecs")
        return self._depth - b._depth

    def distance(self, b):
        d = abs(b._depth - self._depth)
        h = _hamming(self._vec, b._vec)
        return max(d, h)

    def near(self, b):
        dist = abs(b.depth - self._depth)
        if dist > _radius or _hamming(self._vec, b._vec) > _radius:
            return False