view tests/test-status-color.t @ 35190:bd8875b6473c

run-tests: mechanism to report exceptions during test execution Sometimes when running tests you introduce a ton of exceptions. The most extreme example of this is running Mercurial with Python 3, which currently spews thousands of exceptions when running the test harness. This commit adds an opt-in feature to run-tests.py to aggregate exceptions encountered by `hg` when running tests. When --exceptions is used, the test harness enables the "logexceptions" extension in the test environment. This extension wraps the Mercurial function to handle exceptions and writes information about the exception to a random filename in a directory defined by the test harness via an environment variable. At the end of the test harness, these files are parsed, aggregated, and a list of all unique Mercurial frames triggering exceptions is printed in order of frequency. This feature is intended to aid Python 3 development. I've only really tested it on Python 3. There is no shortage of improvements that could be made. e.g. we could write a separate file containing the exception report - maybe even an HTML report. We also don't capture which tests demonstrate the exceptions, so there's no turnkey way to test whether a code change made an exception disappear. Perfect is the enemy of good. I think the current patch is useful enough to land. Whoever uses it can send patches to imprve its usefulness. Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D1477
author Gregory Szorc <gregory.szorc@gmail.com>
date Mon, 20 Nov 2017 23:02:32 -0800
parents d4805a5e7e70
children 8feef8ef8389
line wrap: on
line source

  $ cat <<EOF >> $HGRCPATH
  > [ui]
  > color = always
  > [color]
  > mode = ansi
  > EOF
Terminfo codes compatibility fix
  $ echo "color.none=0" >> $HGRCPATH

  $ hg init repo1
  $ cd repo1
  $ mkdir a b a/1 b/1 b/2
  $ touch in_root a/in_a b/in_b a/1/in_a_1 b/1/in_b_1 b/2/in_b_2

hg status in repo root:

  $ hg status
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/in_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/in_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_root\x1b[0m (esc)

  $ hg status --color=debug
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|a/1/in_a_1]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|a/in_a]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|b/1/in_b_1]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|b/2/in_b_2]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|b/in_b]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|in_root]
HGPLAIN disables color
  $ HGPLAIN=1 hg status --color=debug
  ? a/1/in_a_1
  ? a/in_a
  ? b/1/in_b_1
  ? b/2/in_b_2
  ? b/in_b
  ? in_root
HGPLAINEXCEPT=color does not disable color
  $ HGPLAINEXCEPT=color hg status --color=debug
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|a/1/in_a_1]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|a/in_a]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|b/1/in_b_1]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|b/2/in_b_2]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|b/in_b]
  [status.unknown|? ][status.unknown|in_root]

hg status with template
  $ hg status -T "{label('red', path)}\n" --color=debug
  [red|a/1/in_a_1]
  [red|a/in_a]
  [red|b/1/in_b_1]
  [red|b/2/in_b_2]
  [red|b/in_b]
  [red|in_root]

hg status . in repo root:

  $ hg status .
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/in_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/in_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_root\x1b[0m (esc)

  $ hg status --cwd a
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/in_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/in_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_root\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd a .
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd a ..
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../b/1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../b/2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../b/in_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../in_root\x1b[0m (esc)

  $ hg status --cwd b
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/in_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/in_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_root\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd b .
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd b ..
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../a/1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../a/in_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../in_root\x1b[0m (esc)

  $ hg status --cwd a/1
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/in_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/in_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_root\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd a/1 .
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd a/1 ..
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../in_a\x1b[0m (esc)

  $ hg status --cwd b/1
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/in_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/in_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_root\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd b/1 .
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd b/1 ..
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../in_b\x1b[0m (esc)

  $ hg status --cwd b/2
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/1/in_a_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4ma/in_a\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/2/in_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4mb/in_b\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_root\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd b/2 .
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ hg status --cwd b/2 ..
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../1/in_b_1\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4min_b_2\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4m../in_b\x1b[0m (esc)

Make sure --color=never works
  $ hg status --color=never
  ? a/1/in_a_1
  ? a/in_a
  ? b/1/in_b_1
  ? b/2/in_b_2
  ? b/in_b
  ? in_root

Make sure ui.formatted=False works
  $ hg status --color=auto --config ui.formatted=False
  ? a/1/in_a_1
  ? a/in_a
  ? b/1/in_b_1
  ? b/2/in_b_2
  ? b/in_b
  ? in_root

  $ cd ..

  $ hg init repo2
  $ cd repo2
  $ touch modified removed deleted ignored
  $ echo "^ignored$" > .hgignore
  $ hg ci -A -m 'initial checkin'
  adding .hgignore
  adding deleted
  adding modified
  adding removed
  $ hg log --color=debug
  [log.changeset changeset.draft|changeset:   0:389aef86a55e]
  [log.tag|tag:         tip]
  [log.user|user:        test]
  [log.date|date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000]
  [log.summary|summary:     initial checkin]
  
  $ hg log -Tcompact --color=debug
  [log.changeset changeset.draft|0][tip]   [log.node|389aef86a55e]   [log.date|1970-01-01 00:00 +0000]   [log.user|test]
    [ui.note log.description|initial checkin]
  
Labels on empty strings should not be displayed, labels on custom
templates should be.

  $ hg log --color=debug -T '{label("my.label",author)}\n{label("skipped.label","")}'
  [my.label|test]
  $ touch modified added unknown ignored
  $ hg add added
  $ hg remove removed
  $ rm deleted

hg status:

  $ hg status
  \x1b[0;32;1mA \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1madded\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;31;1mR \x1b[0m\x1b[0;31;1mremoved\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;36;1;4m! \x1b[0m\x1b[0;36;1;4mdeleted\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4munknown\x1b[0m (esc)

hg status modified added removed deleted unknown never-existed ignored:

  $ hg status modified added removed deleted unknown never-existed ignored
  never-existed: * (glob)
  \x1b[0;32;1mA \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1madded\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;31;1mR \x1b[0m\x1b[0;31;1mremoved\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;36;1;4m! \x1b[0m\x1b[0;36;1;4mdeleted\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4munknown\x1b[0m (esc)

  $ hg copy modified copied

hg status -C:

  $ hg status -C
  \x1b[0;32;1mA \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1madded\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;32;1mA \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1mcopied\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;0m  modified\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;31;1mR \x1b[0m\x1b[0;31;1mremoved\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;36;1;4m! \x1b[0m\x1b[0;36;1;4mdeleted\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4munknown\x1b[0m (esc)

hg status -A:

  $ hg status -A
  \x1b[0;32;1mA \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1madded\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;32;1mA \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1mcopied\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;0m  modified\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;31;1mR \x1b[0m\x1b[0;31;1mremoved\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;36;1;4m! \x1b[0m\x1b[0;36;1;4mdeleted\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4munknown\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;30;1mI \x1b[0m\x1b[0;30;1mignored\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;0mC \x1b[0m\x1b[0;0m.hgignore\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;0mC \x1b[0m\x1b[0;0mmodified\x1b[0m (esc)


hg status -A (with terminfo color):

#if tic

  $ mkdir "$TESTTMP/terminfo"
  $ TERMINFO="$TESTTMP/terminfo" tic "$TESTDIR/hgterm.ti"
  $ TERM=hgterm TERMINFO="$TESTTMP/terminfo" hg status --config color.mode=terminfo -A
  \x1b[30m\x1b[32m\x1b[1mA \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[32m\x1b[1madded\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[32m\x1b[1mA \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[32m\x1b[1mcopied\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[30m  modified\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[31m\x1b[1mR \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[31m\x1b[1mremoved\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[36m\x1b[1m\x1b[4m! \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[36m\x1b[1m\x1b[4mdeleted\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[35m\x1b[1m\x1b[4m? \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[35m\x1b[1m\x1b[4munknown\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[1mI \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[1mignored\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[30mC \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[30m.hgignore\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[30mC \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[30mmodified\x1b[30m (esc)

The user can define effects with raw terminfo codes:

  $ cat <<EOF >> $HGRCPATH
  > # Completely bogus code for dim
  > terminfo.dim = \E[88m
  > # We can override what's in the terminfo database, too
  > terminfo.bold = \E[2m
  > EOF
  $ TERM=hgterm TERMINFO="$TESTTMP/terminfo" hg status --config color.mode=terminfo --config color.status.clean=dim -A
  \x1b[30m\x1b[32m\x1b[2mA \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[32m\x1b[2madded\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[32m\x1b[2mA \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[32m\x1b[2mcopied\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[30m  modified\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[31m\x1b[2mR \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[31m\x1b[2mremoved\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[36m\x1b[2m\x1b[4m! \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[36m\x1b[2m\x1b[4mdeleted\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[35m\x1b[2m\x1b[4m? \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[35m\x1b[2m\x1b[4munknown\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[2mI \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[2mignored\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[88mC \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[88m.hgignore\x1b[30m (esc)
  \x1b[30m\x1b[88mC \x1b[30m\x1b[30m\x1b[88mmodified\x1b[30m (esc)

#endif


  $ echo "^ignoreddir$" > .hgignore
  $ mkdir ignoreddir
  $ touch ignoreddir/file

hg status ignoreddir/file:

  $ hg status ignoreddir/file

hg status -i ignoreddir/file:

  $ hg status -i ignoreddir/file
  \x1b[0;30;1mI \x1b[0m\x1b[0;30;1mignoreddir/file\x1b[0m (esc)
  $ cd ..

check 'status -q' and some combinations

  $ hg init repo3
  $ cd repo3
  $ touch modified removed deleted ignored
  $ echo "^ignored$" > .hgignore
  $ hg commit -A -m 'initial checkin'
  adding .hgignore
  adding deleted
  adding modified
  adding removed
  $ touch added unknown ignored
  $ hg add added
  $ echo "test" >> modified
  $ hg remove removed
  $ rm deleted
  $ hg copy modified copied

test unknown color

  $ hg --config color.status.modified=periwinkle status
  ignoring unknown color/effect 'periwinkle' (configured in color.status.modified)
  ignoring unknown color/effect 'periwinkle' (configured in color.status.modified)
  ignoring unknown color/effect 'periwinkle' (configured in color.status.modified)
  M modified
  \x1b[0;32;1mA \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1madded\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;32;1mA \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1mcopied\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;31;1mR \x1b[0m\x1b[0;31;1mremoved\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;36;1;4m! \x1b[0m\x1b[0;36;1;4mdeleted\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;35;1;4m? \x1b[0m\x1b[0;35;1;4munknown\x1b[0m (esc)

Run status with 2 different flags.
Check if result is the same or different.
If result is not as expected, raise error

  $ assert() {
  >     hg status $1 > ../a
  >     hg status $2 > ../b
  >     if diff ../a ../b > /dev/null; then
  >         out=0
  >     else
  >         out=1
  >     fi
  >     if [ $3 -eq 0 ]; then
  >         df="same"
  >     else
  >         df="different"
  >     fi
  >     if [ $out -ne $3 ]; then
  >         echo "Error on $1 and $2, should be $df."
  >     fi
  > }

assert flag1 flag2 [0-same | 1-different]

  $ assert "-q" "-mard"      0
  $ assert "-A" "-marduicC"  0
  $ assert "-qA" "-mardcC"   0
  $ assert "-qAui" "-A"      0
  $ assert "-qAu" "-marducC" 0
  $ assert "-qAi" "-mardicC" 0
  $ assert "-qu" "-u"        0
  $ assert "-q" "-u"         1
  $ assert "-m" "-a"         1
  $ assert "-r" "-d"         1
  $ cd ..

test 'resolve -l'

  $ hg init repo4
  $ cd repo4
  $ echo "file a" > a
  $ echo "file b" > b
  $ hg add a b
  $ hg commit -m "initial"
  $ echo "file a change 1" > a
  $ echo "file b change 1" > b
  $ hg commit -m "head 1"
  $ hg update 0
  2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ echo "file a change 2" > a
  $ echo "file b change 2" > b
  $ hg commit -m "head 2"
  created new head
  $ hg merge
  merging a
  merging b
  warning: conflicts while merging a! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  warning: conflicts while merging b! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 2 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg update -C .' to abandon
  [1]
  $ hg resolve -m b

hg resolve with one unresolved, one resolved:

  $ hg resolve -l
  \x1b[0;31;1mU \x1b[0m\x1b[0;31;1ma\x1b[0m (esc)
  \x1b[0;32;1mR \x1b[0m\x1b[0;32;1mb\x1b[0m (esc)

color coding of error message with current availability of curses

  $ hg unknowncommand > /dev/null
  hg: unknown command 'unknowncommand'
  [255]

color coding of error message without curses

  $ echo 'raise ImportError' > curses.py
  $ PYTHONPATH=`pwd`:$PYTHONPATH hg unknowncommand > /dev/null
  hg: unknown command 'unknowncommand'
  [255]

  $ cd ..