view tests/hghave @ 44118:f81c17ec303c

hgdemandimport: apply lazy module loading to sys.meta_path finders

Python's `sys.meta_path` finders are the primary objects whose job it
is to find a module at import time. When `import` is called, Python
iterates objects in this list and calls `o.find_spec(...)` to find
a `ModuleSpec` (or None if the module couldn't be found by that
finder). If no meta path finder can find a module, import fails.

One of the default meta path finders is `PathFinder`. Its job is to
import modules from the filesystem and is probably the most important
importer. This finder looks at `sys.path` and `sys.path_hooks` to do
its job.

The `ModuleSpec` returned by `MetaPathImporter.find_spec()` has a
`loader` attribute, which defines the concrete module loader to use.
`sys.path_hooks` is a hook point for teaching `PathFinder` to
instantiate custom loader types.

Previously, we injected a custom `sys.path_hook` that told `PathFinder`
to wrap the default loaders with a loader that creates a module object
that is lazy.

This approach worked. But its main limitation was that it only applied
to the `PathFinder` meta path importer. There are other meta path
importers that are registered. And in the case of PyOxidizer loading
modules from memory, `PathFinder` doesn't come into play since
PyOxidizer's own meta path importer was handling all imports.

This commit changes our approach to lazy module loading by proxying
all meta path importers. Specifically, we overload the `find_spec()`
method to swap in a wrapped loader on the `ModuleSpec` before it
is returned. The end result of this is all meta path importers should
be lazy.

As much as I would have loved to utilize .__class__ manipulation to
achieve this, some meta path importers are implemented in C/Rust
in such a way that they cannot be monkeypatched. This is why we
use __getattribute__ to define a proxy.

Also, this change could theoretically open us up to regressions in
meta path importers whose loader is creating module objects which
can't be monkeypatched. But I'm not aware of any of these in the
wild. So I think we'll be safe.

According to hyperfine, this change yields a decent startup time win of
5-6ms:

```
Benchmark #1: ~/.pyenv/versions/3.6.10/bin/python ./hg version
  Time (mean ± σ):      86.8 ms ±   0.5 ms    [User: 78.0 ms, System: 8.7 ms]
  Range (min … max):    86.0 ms …  89.1 ms    50 runs

  Time (mean ± σ):      81.1 ms ±   2.7 ms    [User: 74.5 ms, System: 6.5 ms]
  Range (min … max):    77.8 ms …  90.5 ms    50 runs

Benchmark #2: ~/.pyenv/versions/3.7.6/bin/python ./hg version
  Time (mean ± σ):      78.9 ms ±   0.6 ms    [User: 70.2 ms, System: 8.7 ms]
  Range (min … max):    78.1 ms …  81.2 ms    50 runs

  Time (mean ± σ):      73.4 ms ±   0.6 ms    [User: 65.3 ms, System: 8.0 ms]
  Range (min … max):    72.4 ms …  75.7 ms    50 runs

Benchmark #3: ~/.pyenv/versions/3.8.1/bin/python ./hg version
  Time (mean ± σ):      78.1 ms ±   0.6 ms    [User: 70.2 ms, System: 7.9 ms]
  Range (min … max):    77.4 ms …  80.9 ms    50 runs

  Time (mean ± σ):      72.1 ms ±   0.4 ms    [User: 64.4 ms, System: 7.6 ms]
  Range (min … max):    71.4 ms …  74.1 ms    50 runs
```

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D7954

#!/usr/bin/env python
"""Test the running system for features availability. Exit with zero
if all features are there, non-zero otherwise. If a feature name is
prefixed with "no-", the absence of feature is tested.
"""

from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function

import hghave
import optparse
import os
import sys

checks = hghave.checks


def list_features():
    for name, feature in sorted(checks.items()):
        desc = feature[1]
        print(name + ':', desc)


def test_features():
    failed = 0
    for name, feature in checks.items():
        check, _ = feature
        try:
            check()
        except Exception as e:
            print("feature %s failed:  %s" % (name, e))
            failed += 1
    return failed


parser = optparse.OptionParser("%prog [options] [features]")
parser.add_option(
    "--test-features", action="store_true", help="test available features"
)
parser.add_option(
    "--list-features", action="store_true", help="list available features"
)


def _loadaddon():
    if 'TESTDIR' in os.environ:
        # loading from '.' isn't needed, because `hghave` should be
        # running at TESTTMP in this case
        path = os.environ['TESTDIR']
    else:
        path = '.'

    if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, 'hghaveaddon.py')):
        return

    sys.path.insert(0, path)
    try:
        import hghaveaddon

        assert hghaveaddon  # silence pyflakes
    except BaseException as inst:
        sys.stderr.write(
            'failed to import hghaveaddon.py from %r: %s\n' % (path, inst)
        )
        sys.exit(2)
    sys.path.pop(0)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    options, args = parser.parse_args()
    _loadaddon()
    if options.list_features:
        list_features()
        sys.exit(0)

    if options.test_features:
        sys.exit(test_features())

    hghave.require(args)