view tests/test-util.py @ 44950:f9734b2d59cc

py3: make stdout line-buffered if connected to a TTY

Status messages that are to be shown on the terminal should be written to the
file descriptor before anything further is done, to keep the user updated.

One common way to achieve this is to make stdout line-buffered if it is
connected to a TTY. This is done on Python 2 (except on Windows, where libc,
which the CPython 2 streams depend on, does not properly support this).

Python 3 rolls it own I/O streams. On Python 3, buffered binary streams can't be
set line-buffered. The previous code (added in 227ba1afcb65) incorrectly
assumed that on Python 3, pycompat.stdout (sys.stdout.buffer) is already
line-buffered. However the interpreter initializes it with a block-buffered
stream or an unbuffered stream (when the -u option or the PYTHONUNBUFFERED
environment variable is set), never with a line-buffered stream.

One example where the current behavior is unacceptable is when running
`hg pull https://www.mercurial-scm.org/repo/hg` on Python 3, where the line
"pulling from https://www.mercurial-scm.org/repo/hg" does not appear on the
terminal before the hg process blocks while waiting for the server.

Various approaches to fix this problem are possible, including:

1. Weaken the contract of procutil.stdout to not give any guarantees about
   buffering behavior. In this case, users of procutil.stdout need to be
   changed to do enough flushes. In particular,
  1. either ui must insert enough flushes for ui.write() and friends, or
  2. ui.write() and friends get split into flushing and fully buffered
     methods, or
  3. users of ui.write() and friends must flush explicitly.
2. Make stdout unbuffered.
3. Make stdout line-buffered. Since Python 3 does not natively support that for
   binary streams, we must implement it ourselves.

(2.) is problematic because using unbuffered I/O changes the performance
characteristics significantly compared to line-buffered (which is used on
Python 2) and this would be a regression.

(1.2.) and (1.3) are a substantial amount of work. It’s unclear whether the
added complexity would be justified, given that raw performance doesn’t matter
that much when writing to a terminal much faster than the user could read it.

(1.1.) pushes complexity into the ui class instead of separating the concern of
how stdout is buffered. Other users of procutil.stdout would still need to take
care of the flushes.

This patch implements (3.). The general performance considerations are very
similar to (1.1.). The extra method invocation and method forwarding add a
little more overhead if the class is used. In exchange, it doesn’t add overhead
if not used.


For the benchmarks, I compared the previous implementation (incorrect on Python
3), (1.1.), (3.) and (2.). The command was chosen so that the streams were
configured as if they were writing to a TTY, but actually write to a pager,
which is also the default:
HGRCPATH=/dev/null python3 ./hg --cwd ~/vcs/mozilla-central --time --pager yes --config pager.pager='cat > /dev/null' status --all

previous:
time: real 7.880 secs (user 7.290+0.050 sys 0.580+0.170)
time: real 7.830 secs (user 7.220+0.070 sys 0.590+0.140)
time: real 7.800 secs (user 7.210+0.050 sys 0.570+0.170)

(1.1.) using Yuya Nishihara’s patch:
time: real 9.860 secs (user 8.670+0.350 sys 1.160+0.830)
time: real 9.540 secs (user 8.430+0.370 sys 1.100+0.770)
time: real 9.830 secs (user 8.630+0.370 sys 1.180+0.840)

(3.) using this patch:
time: real 9.580 secs (user 8.480+0.350 sys 1.090+0.770)
time: real 9.670 secs (user 8.480+0.330 sys 1.170+0.860)
time: real 9.640 secs (user 8.500+0.350 sys 1.130+0.810)

(2.) using a previous patch by me:
time: real 10.480 secs (user 8.850+0.720 sys 1.590+1.500)
time: real 10.490 secs (user 8.750+0.750 sys 1.710+1.470)
time: real 10.240 secs (user 8.600+0.700 sys 1.590+1.510)


As expected, there’s no difference on Python 2, as exactly the same code paths
are used:

previous:
time: real 6.950 secs (user 5.870+0.330 sys 1.070+0.770)
time: real 7.040 secs (user 6.040+0.360 sys 0.980+0.750)
time: real 7.070 secs (user 5.950+0.360 sys 1.100+0.760)

this patch:
time: real 7.010 secs (user 5.900+0.390 sys 1.070+0.730)
time: real 7.000 secs (user 5.850+0.350 sys 1.120+0.760)
time: real 7.000 secs (user 5.790+0.380 sys 1.170+0.710)

# unit tests for mercuril.util utilities
from __future__ import absolute_import

import contextlib
import itertools
import unittest

from mercurial import pycompat, util, utils


@contextlib.contextmanager
def mocktimer(incr=0.1, *additional_targets):
    """Replaces util.timer and additional_targets with a mock

    The timer starts at 0. On each call the time incremented by the value
    of incr. If incr is an iterable, then the time is incremented by the
    next value from that iterable, looping in a cycle when reaching the end.

    additional_targets must be a sequence of (object, attribute_name) tuples;
    the mock is set with setattr(object, attribute_name, mock).

    """
    time = [0]
    try:
        incr = itertools.cycle(incr)
    except TypeError:
        incr = itertools.repeat(incr)

    def timer():
        time[0] += next(incr)
        return time[0]

    # record original values
    orig = util.timer
    additional_origs = [(o, a, getattr(o, a)) for o, a in additional_targets]

    # mock out targets
    util.timer = timer
    for obj, attr in additional_targets:
        setattr(obj, attr, timer)

    try:
        yield
    finally:
        # restore originals
        util.timer = orig
        for args in additional_origs:
            setattr(*args)


# attr.s default factory for util.timedstats.start binds the timer we
# need to mock out.
_start_default = (util.timedcmstats.start.default, 'factory')


@contextlib.contextmanager
def capturestderr():
    """Replace utils.procutil.stderr with a pycompat.bytesio instance

    The instance is made available as the return value of __enter__.

    This contextmanager is reentrant.

    """
    orig = utils.procutil.stderr
    utils.procutil.stderr = pycompat.bytesio()
    try:
        yield utils.procutil.stderr
    finally:
        utils.procutil.stderr = orig


class timedtests(unittest.TestCase):
    def testtimedcmstatsstr(self):
        stats = util.timedcmstats()
        self.assertEqual(str(stats), '<unknown>')
        self.assertEqual(bytes(stats), b'<unknown>')
        stats.elapsed = 12.34
        self.assertEqual(str(stats), pycompat.sysstr(util.timecount(12.34)))
        self.assertEqual(bytes(stats), util.timecount(12.34))

    def testtimedcmcleanexit(self):
        # timestamps 1, 4, elapsed time of 4 - 1 = 3
        with mocktimer([1, 3], _start_default):
            with util.timedcm('pass') as stats:
                # actual context doesn't matter
                pass

        self.assertEqual(stats.start, 1)
        self.assertEqual(stats.elapsed, 3)
        self.assertEqual(stats.level, 1)

    def testtimedcmnested(self):
        # timestamps 1, 3, 6, 10, elapsed times of 6 - 3 = 3 and 10 - 1 = 9
        with mocktimer([1, 2, 3, 4], _start_default):
            with util.timedcm('outer') as outer_stats:
                with util.timedcm('inner') as inner_stats:
                    # actual context doesn't matter
                    pass

        self.assertEqual(outer_stats.start, 1)
        self.assertEqual(outer_stats.elapsed, 9)
        self.assertEqual(outer_stats.level, 1)

        self.assertEqual(inner_stats.start, 3)
        self.assertEqual(inner_stats.elapsed, 3)
        self.assertEqual(inner_stats.level, 2)

    def testtimedcmexception(self):
        # timestamps 1, 4, elapsed time of 4 - 1 = 3
        with mocktimer([1, 3], _start_default):
            try:
                with util.timedcm('exceptional') as stats:
                    raise ValueError()
            except ValueError:
                pass

        self.assertEqual(stats.start, 1)
        self.assertEqual(stats.elapsed, 3)
        self.assertEqual(stats.level, 1)

    def testtimeddecorator(self):
        @util.timed
        def testfunc(callcount=1):
            callcount -= 1
            if callcount:
                testfunc(callcount)

        # timestamps 1, 2, 3, 4, elapsed time of 3 - 2 = 1 and 4 - 1 = 3
        with mocktimer(1, _start_default):
            with capturestderr() as out:
                testfunc(2)

        self.assertEqual(
            out.getvalue(),
            (b'    testfunc: 1.000 s\n' b'  testfunc: 3.000 s\n'),
        )


if __name__ == '__main__':
    import silenttestrunner

    silenttestrunner.main(__name__)