view tests/test-merge-types.t @ 40326:fed697fa1734

sqlitestore: file storage backend using SQLite

This commit provides an extension which uses SQLite to store file
data (as opposed to revlogs).

As the inline documentation describes, there are still several
aspects to the extension that are incomplete. But it's a start.
The extension does support basic clone, checkout, and commit
workflows, which makes it suitable for simple use cases.

One notable missing feature is support for "bundlerepos." This is
probably responsible for the most test failures when the extension
is activated as part of the test suite.

All revision data is stored in SQLite. Data is stored as zstd
compressed chunks (default if zstd is available), zlib compressed
chunks (default if zstd is not available), or raw chunks (if
configured or if a compressed delta is not smaller than the raw
delta). This makes things very similar to revlogs.

Unlike revlogs, the extension doesn't yet enforce a limit on delta
chain length. This is an obvious limitation and should be addressed.
This is somewhat mitigated by the use of zstd, which is much faster
than zlib to decompress.

There is a dedicated table for storing deltas. Deltas are stored
by the SHA-1 hash of their uncompressed content. The "fileindex" table
has columns that reference the delta for each revision and the base
delta that delta should be applied against. A recursive SQL query
is used to resolve the delta chain along with the delta data.

By storing deltas by hash, we are able to de-duplicate delta storage!
With revlogs, the same deltas in different revlogs would result in
duplicate storage of that delta. In this scheme, inserting the
duplicate delta is a no-op and delta chains simply reference the
existing delta.

When initially implementing this extension, I did not have
content-indexed deltas and deltas could be duplicated across files
(just like revlogs). When I implemented content-indexed deltas, the
size of the SQLite database for a full clone of mozilla-unified
dropped:

before: 2,554,261,504 bytes
after:  2,488,754,176 bytes

Surprisingly, this is still larger than the bytes size of revlog
files:

revlog files: 2,104,861,230 bytes
du -b:        2,254,381,614

I would have expected storage to be smaller since we're not limiting
delta chain length and since we're using zstd instead of zlib. I
suspect the SQLite indexes and per-column overhead account for the
bulk of the differences. (Keep in mind that revlog uses a 64-byte
packed struct for revision index data and deltas are stored without
padding. Aside from the 12 unused bytes in the 32 byte node field,
revlogs are pretty efficient.) Another source of overhead is file
name storage. With revlogs, file names are stored in the filesystem.
But with SQLite, we need to store file names in the database. This is
roughly equivalent to the size of the fncache file, which for the
mozilla-unified repository is ~34MB.

Since the SQLite database isn't append-only and since delta chains
can reference any delta, this opens some interesting possibilities.
For example, we could store deltas in reverse, such that fulltexts
are stored for newer revisions and deltas are applied to reconstruct
older revisions. This is likely a more optimal storage strategy for
version control, as new data tends to be more frequently accessed
than old data. We would obviously need wire protocol support for
transferring revision data from newest to oldest. And we would
probably need some kind of mechanism for "re-encoding" stores. But
it should be doable.

This extension is very much experimental quality. There are a handful
of features that don't work. It probably isn't suitable for day-to-day
use. But it could be used in limited cases (e.g. read-only checkouts
like in CI). And it is also a good proving ground for alternate
storage backends. As we continue to define interfaces for all things
storage, it will be useful to have a viable alternate storage backend
to see how things shake out in practice.

test-storage.py passes on Python 2 and introduces no new test failures on
Python 3. Having the storage-level unit tests has proved to be insanely
useful when developing this extension. Those tests caught numerous bugs
during development and I'm convinced this style of testing is the way
forward for ensuring alternate storage backends work as intended. Of
course, test coverage isn't close to what it needs to be. But it is
a start. And what coverage we have gives me confidence that basic store
functionality is implemented properly.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D4928

#require symlink execbit

  $ tellmeabout() {
  > if [ -h $1 ]; then
  >     echo $1 is a symlink:
  >     $TESTDIR/readlink.py $1
  > elif [ -x $1 ]; then
  >     echo $1 is an executable file with content:
  >     cat $1
  > else
  >     echo $1 is a plain file with content:
  >     cat $1
  > fi
  > }

  $ hg init test1
  $ cd test1

  $ echo a > a
  $ hg ci -Aqmadd
  $ chmod +x a
  $ hg ci -mexecutable

  $ hg up -q 0
  $ rm a
  $ ln -s symlink a
  $ hg ci -msymlink
  created new head

Symlink is local parent, executable is other:

  $ hg merge --debug
    searching for copies back to rev 1
  resolving manifests
   branchmerge: True, force: False, partial: False
   ancestor: c334dc3be0da, local: 521a1e40188f+, remote: 3574f3e69b1c
   preserving a for resolve of a
   a: versions differ -> m (premerge)
  picked tool ':merge' for a (binary False symlink True changedelete False)
  merging a
  my a@521a1e40188f+ other a@3574f3e69b1c ancestor a@c334dc3be0da
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for a
  warning: conflicts while merging a! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]

  $ tellmeabout a
  a is a symlink:
  a -> symlink
  $ hg resolve a --tool internal:other
  (no more unresolved files)
  $ tellmeabout a
  a is an executable file with content:
  a
  $ hg st
  M a
  ? a.orig

Symlink is other parent, executable is local:

  $ hg update -C 1
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

  $ hg merge --debug --tool :union
    searching for copies back to rev 1
  resolving manifests
   branchmerge: True, force: False, partial: False
   ancestor: c334dc3be0da, local: 3574f3e69b1c+, remote: 521a1e40188f
   preserving a for resolve of a
   a: versions differ -> m (premerge)
  picked tool ':union' for a (binary False symlink True changedelete False)
  merging a
  my a@3574f3e69b1c+ other a@521a1e40188f ancestor a@c334dc3be0da
  warning: internal :union cannot merge symlinks for a
  warning: conflicts while merging a! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]

  $ tellmeabout a
  a is an executable file with content:
  a

  $ hg update -C 1
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

  $ hg merge --debug --tool :merge3
    searching for copies back to rev 1
  resolving manifests
   branchmerge: True, force: False, partial: False
   ancestor: c334dc3be0da, local: 3574f3e69b1c+, remote: 521a1e40188f
   preserving a for resolve of a
   a: versions differ -> m (premerge)
  picked tool ':merge3' for a (binary False symlink True changedelete False)
  merging a
  my a@3574f3e69b1c+ other a@521a1e40188f ancestor a@c334dc3be0da
  warning: internal :merge3 cannot merge symlinks for a
  warning: conflicts while merging a! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]

  $ tellmeabout a
  a is an executable file with content:
  a

  $ hg update -C 1
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

  $ hg merge --debug --tool :merge-local
    searching for copies back to rev 1
  resolving manifests
   branchmerge: True, force: False, partial: False
   ancestor: c334dc3be0da, local: 3574f3e69b1c+, remote: 521a1e40188f
   preserving a for resolve of a
   a: versions differ -> m (premerge)
  picked tool ':merge-local' for a (binary False symlink True changedelete False)
  merging a
  my a@3574f3e69b1c+ other a@521a1e40188f ancestor a@c334dc3be0da
  warning: internal :merge-local cannot merge symlinks for a
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]

  $ tellmeabout a
  a is an executable file with content:
  a

  $ hg update -C 1
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved

  $ hg merge --debug --tool :merge-other
    searching for copies back to rev 1
  resolving manifests
   branchmerge: True, force: False, partial: False
   ancestor: c334dc3be0da, local: 3574f3e69b1c+, remote: 521a1e40188f
   preserving a for resolve of a
   a: versions differ -> m (premerge)
  picked tool ':merge-other' for a (binary False symlink True changedelete False)
  merging a
  my a@3574f3e69b1c+ other a@521a1e40188f ancestor a@c334dc3be0da
  warning: internal :merge-other cannot merge symlinks for a
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]

  $ tellmeabout a
  a is an executable file with content:
  a

Update to link without local change should get us a symlink (issue3316):

  $ hg up -C 0
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  $ hg up
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  updated to "521a1e40188f: symlink"
  1 other heads for branch "default"
  $ hg st
  ? a.orig

Update to link with local change should cause a merge prompt (issue3200):

  $ hg up -Cq 0
  $ echo data > a
  $ HGMERGE= hg up -y --debug
    searching for copies back to rev 2
  resolving manifests
   branchmerge: False, force: False, partial: False
   ancestor: c334dc3be0da, local: c334dc3be0da+, remote: 521a1e40188f
   preserving a for resolve of a
   a: versions differ -> m (premerge)
  (couldn't find merge tool hgmerge|tool hgmerge can't handle symlinks) (re)
  no tool found to merge a
  picked tool ':prompt' for a (binary False symlink True changedelete False)
  keep (l)ocal [working copy], take (o)ther [destination], or leave (u)nresolved for a? u
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges
  updated to "521a1e40188f: symlink"
  1 other heads for branch "default"
  [1]
  $ hg diff --git
  diff --git a/a b/a
  old mode 120000
  new mode 100644
  --- a/a
  +++ b/a
  @@ -1,1 +1,1 @@
  -symlink
  \ No newline at end of file
  +data


Test only 'l' change - happens rarely, except when recovering from situations
where that was what happened.

  $ hg init test2
  $ cd test2
  $ printf base > f
  $ hg ci -Aqm0
  $ echo file > f
  $ echo content >> f
  $ hg ci -qm1
  $ hg up -qr0
  $ rm f
  $ ln -s base f
  $ hg ci -qm2
  $ hg merge
  merging f
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for f
  warning: conflicts while merging f! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]
  $ tellmeabout f
  f is a symlink:
  f -> base

  $ hg up -Cqr1
  $ hg merge
  merging f
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for f
  warning: conflicts while merging f! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]
  $ tellmeabout f
  f is a plain file with content:
  file
  content

  $ cd ..

Test removed 'x' flag merged with change to symlink

  $ hg init test3
  $ cd test3
  $ echo f > f
  $ chmod +x f
  $ hg ci -Aqm0
  $ chmod -x f
  $ hg ci -qm1
  $ hg up -qr0
  $ rm f
  $ ln -s dangling f
  $ hg ci -qm2
  $ hg merge
  merging f
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for f
  warning: conflicts while merging f! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]
  $ tellmeabout f
  f is a symlink:
  f -> dangling

  $ hg up -Cqr1
  $ hg merge
  merging f
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for f
  warning: conflicts while merging f! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  0 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 1 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]
  $ tellmeabout f
  f is a plain file with content:
  f

Test removed 'x' flag merged with content change - both ways

  $ hg up -Cqr0
  $ echo change > f
  $ hg ci -qm3
  $ hg merge -r1
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  (branch merge, don't forget to commit)
  $ tellmeabout f
  f is a plain file with content:
  change

  $ hg up -qCr1
  $ hg merge -r3
  1 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
  (branch merge, don't forget to commit)
  $ tellmeabout f
  f is a plain file with content:
  change

  $ cd ..

Test merge with no common ancestor:
a: just different
b: x vs -, different (cannot calculate x, cannot ask merge tool)
c: x vs -, same (cannot calculate x, merge tool is no good)
d: x vs l, different
e: x vs l, same
f: - vs l, different
g: - vs l, same
h: l vs l, different
(where same means the filelog entry is shared and there thus is an ancestor!)

  $ hg init test4
  $ cd test4
  $ echo 0 > 0
  $ hg ci -Aqm0

  $ echo 1 > a
  $ echo 1 > b
  $ chmod +x b
  $ echo 1 > bx
  $ chmod +x bx
  $ echo x > c
  $ chmod +x c
  $ echo 1 > d
  $ chmod +x d
  $ printf x > e
  $ chmod +x e
  $ echo 1 > f
  $ printf x > g
  $ ln -s 1 h
  $ hg ci -qAm1

  $ hg up -qr0
  $ echo 2 > a
  $ echo 2 > b
  $ echo 2 > bx
  $ chmod +x bx
  $ echo x > c
  $ ln -s 2 d
  $ ln -s x e
  $ ln -s 2 f
  $ ln -s x g
  $ ln -s 2 h
  $ hg ci -Aqm2

  $ hg merge
  merging a
  warning: cannot merge flags for b without common ancestor - keeping local flags
  merging b
  merging bx
  warning: cannot merge flags for c without common ancestor - keeping local flags
  merging d
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for d
  warning: conflicts while merging d! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  merging f
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for f
  warning: conflicts while merging f! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  merging h
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for h
  warning: conflicts while merging h! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  warning: conflicts while merging a! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  warning: conflicts while merging b! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  warning: conflicts while merging bx! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  3 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 6 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]
  $ hg resolve -l
  U a
  U b
  U bx
  U d
  U f
  U h
  $ tellmeabout a
  a is a plain file with content:
  <<<<<<< working copy: 0c617753b41b - test: 2
  2
  =======
  1
  >>>>>>> merge rev:    2e60aa20b912 - test: 1
  $ tellmeabout b
  b is a plain file with content:
  <<<<<<< working copy: 0c617753b41b - test: 2
  2
  =======
  1
  >>>>>>> merge rev:    2e60aa20b912 - test: 1
  $ tellmeabout c
  c is a plain file with content:
  x
  $ tellmeabout d
  d is a symlink:
  d -> 2
  $ tellmeabout e
  e is a symlink:
  e -> x
  $ tellmeabout f
  f is a symlink:
  f -> 2
  $ tellmeabout g
  g is a symlink:
  g -> x
  $ tellmeabout h
  h is a symlink:
  h -> 2

  $ hg up -Cqr1
  $ hg merge
  merging a
  warning: cannot merge flags for b without common ancestor - keeping local flags
  merging b
  merging bx
  warning: cannot merge flags for c without common ancestor - keeping local flags
  merging d
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for d
  warning: conflicts while merging d! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  merging f
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for f
  warning: conflicts while merging f! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  merging h
  warning: internal :merge cannot merge symlinks for h
  warning: conflicts while merging h! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  warning: conflicts while merging a! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  warning: conflicts while merging b! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  warning: conflicts while merging bx! (edit, then use 'hg resolve --mark')
  3 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 6 files unresolved
  use 'hg resolve' to retry unresolved file merges or 'hg merge --abort' to abandon
  [1]
  $ tellmeabout a
  a is a plain file with content:
  <<<<<<< working copy: 2e60aa20b912 - test: 1
  1
  =======
  2
  >>>>>>> merge rev:    0c617753b41b - test: 2
  $ tellmeabout b
  b is an executable file with content:
  <<<<<<< working copy: 2e60aa20b912 - test: 1
  1
  =======
  2
  >>>>>>> merge rev:    0c617753b41b - test: 2
  $ tellmeabout c
  c is an executable file with content:
  x
  $ tellmeabout d
  d is an executable file with content:
  1
  $ tellmeabout e
  e is an executable file with content:
  x (no-eol)
  $ tellmeabout f
  f is a plain file with content:
  1
  $ tellmeabout g
  g is a plain file with content:
  x (no-eol)
  $ tellmeabout h
  h is a symlink:
  h -> 1

  $ cd ..