annotate mercurial/exchange.py @ 26623:5a95fe44121d

clonebundles: support for seeding clones from pre-generated bundles

Cloning can be an expensive operation for servers because the server
generates a bundle from existing repository data at request time. For
a large repository like mozilla-central, this consumes 4+ minutes
of CPU time on the server. It also results in significant network
utilization. Multiplied by hundreds or even thousands of clients and
the ensuing load can result in difficulties scaling the Mercurial server.

Despite generation of bundles being deterministic until the next
changeset is added, the generation of bundles to service a clone request
is not cached. Each clone thus performs redundant work. This is
wasteful.

This patch introduces the "clonebundles" extension and related
client-side functionality to help alleviate this deficiency. The
client-side feature is behind an experimental flag and is not enabled by
default.

It works as follows:

1) Server operator generates a bundle and makes it available on a
   server (likely HTTP).
2) Server operator defines the URL of a bundle file in a
   .hg/clonebundles.manifest file.
3) Client `hg clone`ing sees the server is advertising bundle URLs.
4) Client fetches and applies the advertised bundle.
5) Client performs equivalent of `hg pull` to fetch changes made since
   the bundle was created.

Essentially, the server performs the expensive work of generating a
bundle once and all subsequent clones fetch a static file from
somewhere. Scaling static file serving is a much more manageable
problem than scaling a Python application like Mercurial. Assuming your
repository grows less than 1% per day, the end result is 99+% of CPU
and network load from clones is eliminated, allowing Mercurial servers
to scale more easily. Serving static files also means data can be
transferred to clients as fast as they can consume it, rather than as
fast as servers can generate it. This makes clones faster.

Mozilla has implemented similar functionality of this patch on
hg.mozilla.org using a custom extension. We are hosting bundle files in
Amazon S3 and CloudFront (a CDN) and have successfully offloaded
>1 TB/day in data transfer from hg.mozilla.org, freeing up significant
bandwidth and CPU resources. The positive impact has been stellar and
I believe it has proved its value to be included in Mercurial core. I
feel it is important for the client-side support to be enabled in core
by default because it means that clients will get faster, more reliable
clones and will enable server operators to reduce load without
requiring any client-side configuration changes (assuming clients are
up to date, of course).

The scope of this feature is narrowly and specifically tailored to
cloning, despite "serve pulls from pre-generated bundles" being a valid
and useful feature. I would eventually like for Mercurial servers to
support transferring *all* repository data via statically hosted files.
You could imagine a server that siphons all pushed data to bundle files
and instructs clients to apply a stream of bundles to reconstruct all
repository data. This feature, while useful and powerful, is
significantly more work to implement because it requires the server
component have awareness of discovery and a mapping of which changesets
are in which files. Full, clone bundles, by contrast, are much simpler.

The wire protocol command is named "clonebundles" instead of something
more generic like "staticbundles" to leave the door open for a new, more
powerful and more generic server-side component with minimal backwards
compatibility implications. The name "bundleclone" is used by Mozilla's
extension and would cause problems since there are subtle differences
in Mozilla's extension.

Mozilla's experience with this idea has taught us that some form of
"content negotiation" is required. Not all clients will support all
bundle formats or even URLs (advanced TLS requirements, etc). To ensure
the highest uptake possible, a server needs to advertise multiple
versions of bundles and clients need to be able to choose the most
appropriate from that list one. The "attributes" in each
server-advertised entry facilitate this filtering and sorting. Their
use will become apparent in subsequent patches.

Initial inspiration and credit for the idea of cloning from static files
belongs to Augie Fackler and his "lookaside clone" extension proof of
concept.

# exchange.py - utility to exchange data between repos.
#
# Copyright 2005-2007 Matt Mackall <[e-mail]>
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.

from i18n import _
from node import hex, nullid
import errno, urllib, urllib2
import util, scmutil, changegroup, base85, error
import discovery, phases, obsolete, bookmarks as bookmod, bundle2, pushkey
import lock as lockmod
import streamclone
import tags
import url as urlmod

def readbundle(ui, fh, fname, vfs=None):
    header = changegroup.readexactly(fh, 4)

    alg = None
    if not fname:
        fname = "stream"
        if not header.startswith('HG') and header.startswith('\0'):
            fh = changegroup.headerlessfixup(fh, header)
            header = "HG10"
            alg = 'UN'
    elif vfs:
        fname = vfs.join(fname)

    magic, version = header[0:2], header[2:4]

    if magic != 'HG':
        raise error.Abort(_('%s: not a Mercurial bundle') % fname)
    if version == '10':
        if alg is None:
            alg = changegroup.readexactly(fh, 2)
        return changegroup.cg1unpacker(fh, alg)
    elif version.startswith('2'):
        return bundle2.getunbundler(ui, fh, magicstring=magic + version)
    else:
        raise error.Abort(_('%s: unknown bundle version %s') % (fname, version))

def buildobsmarkerspart(bundler, markers):
    """add an obsmarker part to the bundler with <markers>

    No part is created if markers is empty.
    Raises ValueError if the bundler doesn't support any known obsmarker format.
    """
    if markers:
        remoteversions = bundle2.obsmarkersversion(bundler.capabilities)
        version = obsolete.commonversion(remoteversions)
        if version is None:
            raise ValueError('bundler do not support common obsmarker format')
        stream = obsolete.encodemarkers(markers, True, version=version)
        return bundler.newpart('obsmarkers', data=stream)
    return None

def _canusebundle2(op):
    """return true if a pull/push can use bundle2

    Feel free to nuke this function when we drop the experimental option"""
    return (op.repo.ui.configbool('experimental', 'bundle2-exp', True)
            and op.remote.capable('bundle2'))


class pushoperation(object):
    """A object that represent a single push operation

    It purpose is to carry push related state and very common operation.

    A new should be created at the beginning of each push and discarded
    afterward.
    """

    def __init__(self, repo, remote, force=False, revs=None, newbranch=False,
                 bookmarks=()):
        # repo we push from
        self.repo = repo
        self.ui = repo.ui
        # repo we push to
        self.remote = remote
        # force option provided
        self.force = force
        # revs to be pushed (None is "all")
        self.revs = revs
        # bookmark explicitly pushed
        self.bookmarks = bookmarks
        # allow push of new branch
        self.newbranch = newbranch
        # did a local lock get acquired?
        self.locallocked = None
        # step already performed
        # (used to check what steps have been already performed through bundle2)
        self.stepsdone = set()
        # Integer version of the changegroup push result
        # - None means nothing to push
        # - 0 means HTTP error
        # - 1 means we pushed and remote head count is unchanged *or*
        #   we have outgoing changesets but refused to push
        # - other values as described by addchangegroup()
        self.cgresult = None
        # Boolean value for the bookmark push
        self.bkresult = None
        # discover.outgoing object (contains common and outgoing data)
        self.outgoing = None
        # all remote heads before the push
        self.remoteheads = None
        # testable as a boolean indicating if any nodes are missing locally.
        self.incoming = None
        # phases changes that must be pushed along side the changesets
        self.outdatedphases = None
        # phases changes that must be pushed if changeset push fails
        self.fallbackoutdatedphases = None
        # outgoing obsmarkers
        self.outobsmarkers = set()
        # outgoing bookmarks
        self.outbookmarks = []
        # transaction manager
        self.trmanager = None
        # map { pushkey partid -> callback handling failure}
        # used to handle exception from mandatory pushkey part failure
        self.pkfailcb = {}

    @util.propertycache
    def futureheads(self):
        """future remote heads if the changeset push succeeds"""
        return self.outgoing.missingheads

    @util.propertycache
    def fallbackheads(self):
        """future remote heads if the changeset push fails"""
        if self.revs is None:
            # not target to push, all common are relevant
            return self.outgoing.commonheads
        unfi = self.repo.unfiltered()
        # I want cheads = heads(::missingheads and ::commonheads)
        # (missingheads is revs with secret changeset filtered out)
        #
        # This can be expressed as:
        #     cheads = ( (missingheads and ::commonheads)
        #              + (commonheads and ::missingheads))"
        #              )
        #
        # while trying to push we already computed the following:
        #     common = (::commonheads)
        #     missing = ((commonheads::missingheads) - commonheads)
        #
        # We can pick:
        # * missingheads part of common (::commonheads)
        common = self.outgoing.common
        nm = self.repo.changelog.nodemap
        cheads = [node for node in self.revs if nm[node] in common]
        # and
        # * commonheads parents on missing
        revset = unfi.set('%ln and parents(roots(%ln))',
                         self.outgoing.commonheads,
                         self.outgoing.missing)
        cheads.extend(c.node() for c in revset)
        return cheads

    @property
    def commonheads(self):
        """set of all common heads after changeset bundle push"""
        if self.cgresult:
            return self.futureheads
        else:
            return self.fallbackheads

# mapping of message used when pushing bookmark
bookmsgmap = {'update': (_("updating bookmark %s\n"),
                         _('updating bookmark %s failed!\n')),
              'export': (_("exporting bookmark %s\n"),
                         _('exporting bookmark %s failed!\n')),
              'delete': (_("deleting remote bookmark %s\n"),
                         _('deleting remote bookmark %s failed!\n')),
              }


def push(repo, remote, force=False, revs=None, newbranch=False, bookmarks=()):
    '''Push outgoing changesets (limited by revs) from a local
    repository to remote. Return an integer:
      - None means nothing to push
      - 0 means HTTP error
      - 1 means we pushed and remote head count is unchanged *or*
        we have outgoing changesets but refused to push
      - other values as described by addchangegroup()
    '''
    pushop = pushoperation(repo, remote, force, revs, newbranch, bookmarks)
    if pushop.remote.local():
        missing = (set(pushop.repo.requirements)
                   - pushop.remote.local().supported)
        if missing:
            msg = _("required features are not"
                    " supported in the destination:"
                    " %s") % (', '.join(sorted(missing)))
            raise error.Abort(msg)

    # there are two ways to push to remote repo:
    #
    # addchangegroup assumes local user can lock remote
    # repo (local filesystem, old ssh servers).
    #
    # unbundle assumes local user cannot lock remote repo (new ssh
    # servers, http servers).

    if not pushop.remote.canpush():
        raise error.Abort(_("destination does not support push"))
    # get local lock as we might write phase data
    localwlock = locallock = None
    try:
        # bundle2 push may receive a reply bundle touching bookmarks or other
        # things requiring the wlock. Take it now to ensure proper ordering.
        maypushback = pushop.ui.configbool('experimental', 'bundle2.pushback')
        if _canusebundle2(pushop) and maypushback:
            localwlock = pushop.repo.wlock()
        locallock = pushop.repo.lock()
        pushop.locallocked = True
    except IOError as err:
        pushop.locallocked = False
        if err.errno != errno.EACCES:
            raise
        # source repo cannot be locked.
        # We do not abort the push, but just disable the local phase
        # synchronisation.
        msg = 'cannot lock source repository: %s\n' % err
        pushop.ui.debug(msg)
    try:
        if pushop.locallocked:
            pushop.trmanager = transactionmanager(repo,
                                                  'push-response',
                                                  pushop.remote.url())
        pushop.repo.checkpush(pushop)
        lock = None
        unbundle = pushop.remote.capable('unbundle')
        if not unbundle:
            lock = pushop.remote.lock()
        try:
            _pushdiscovery(pushop)
            if _canusebundle2(pushop):
                _pushbundle2(pushop)
            _pushchangeset(pushop)
            _pushsyncphase(pushop)
            _pushobsolete(pushop)
            _pushbookmark(pushop)
        finally:
            if lock is not None:
                lock.release()
        if pushop.trmanager:
            pushop.trmanager.close()
    finally:
        if pushop.trmanager:
            pushop.trmanager.release()
        if locallock is not None:
            locallock.release()
        if localwlock is not None:
            localwlock.release()

    return pushop

# list of steps to perform discovery before push
pushdiscoveryorder = []

# Mapping between step name and function
#
# This exists to help extensions wrap steps if necessary
pushdiscoverymapping = {}

def pushdiscovery(stepname):
    """decorator for function performing discovery before push

    The function is added to the step -> function mapping and appended to the
    list of steps.  Beware that decorated function will be added in order (this
    may matter).

    You can only use this decorator for a new step, if you want to wrap a step
    from an extension, change the pushdiscovery dictionary directly."""
    def dec(func):
        assert stepname not in pushdiscoverymapping
        pushdiscoverymapping[stepname] = func
        pushdiscoveryorder.append(stepname)
        return func
    return dec

def _pushdiscovery(pushop):
    """Run all discovery steps"""
    for stepname in pushdiscoveryorder:
        step = pushdiscoverymapping[stepname]
        step(pushop)

@pushdiscovery('changeset')
def _pushdiscoverychangeset(pushop):
    """discover the changeset that need to be pushed"""
    fci = discovery.findcommonincoming
    commoninc = fci(pushop.repo, pushop.remote, force=pushop.force)
    common, inc, remoteheads = commoninc
    fco = discovery.findcommonoutgoing
    outgoing = fco(pushop.repo, pushop.remote, onlyheads=pushop.revs,
                   commoninc=commoninc, force=pushop.force)
    pushop.outgoing = outgoing
    pushop.remoteheads = remoteheads
    pushop.incoming = inc

@pushdiscovery('phase')
def _pushdiscoveryphase(pushop):
    """discover the phase that needs to be pushed

    (computed for both success and failure case for changesets push)"""
    outgoing = pushop.outgoing
    unfi = pushop.repo.unfiltered()
    remotephases = pushop.remote.listkeys('phases')
    publishing = remotephases.get('publishing', False)
    if (pushop.ui.configbool('ui', '_usedassubrepo', False)
        and remotephases    # server supports phases
        and not pushop.outgoing.missing # no changesets to be pushed
        and publishing):
        # When:
        # - this is a subrepo push
        # - and remote support phase
        # - and no changeset are to be pushed
        # - and remote is publishing
        # We may be in issue 3871 case!
        # We drop the possible phase synchronisation done by
        # courtesy to publish changesets possibly locally draft
        # on the remote.
        remotephases = {'publishing': 'True'}
    ana = phases.analyzeremotephases(pushop.repo,
                                     pushop.fallbackheads,
                                     remotephases)
    pheads, droots = ana
    extracond = ''
    if not publishing:
        extracond = ' and public()'
    revset = 'heads((%%ln::%%ln) %s)' % extracond
    # Get the list of all revs draft on remote by public here.
    # XXX Beware that revset break if droots is not strictly
    # XXX root we may want to ensure it is but it is costly
    fallback = list(unfi.set(revset, droots, pushop.fallbackheads))
    if not outgoing.missing:
        future = fallback
    else:
        # adds changeset we are going to push as draft
        #
        # should not be necessary for publishing server, but because of an
        # issue fixed in xxxxx we have to do it anyway.
        fdroots = list(unfi.set('roots(%ln  + %ln::)',
                       outgoing.missing, droots))
        fdroots = [f.node() for f in fdroots]
        future = list(unfi.set(revset, fdroots, pushop.futureheads))
    pushop.outdatedphases = future
    pushop.fallbackoutdatedphases = fallback

@pushdiscovery('obsmarker')
def _pushdiscoveryobsmarkers(pushop):
    if (obsolete.isenabled(pushop.repo, obsolete.exchangeopt)
        and pushop.repo.obsstore
        and 'obsolete' in pushop.remote.listkeys('namespaces')):
        repo = pushop.repo
        # very naive computation, that can be quite expensive on big repo.
        # However: evolution is currently slow on them anyway.
        nodes = (c.node() for c in repo.set('::%ln', pushop.futureheads))
        pushop.outobsmarkers = pushop.repo.obsstore.relevantmarkers(nodes)

@pushdiscovery('bookmarks')
def _pushdiscoverybookmarks(pushop):
    ui = pushop.ui
    repo = pushop.repo.unfiltered()
    remote = pushop.remote
    ui.debug("checking for updated bookmarks\n")
    ancestors = ()
    if pushop.revs:
        revnums = map(repo.changelog.rev, pushop.revs)
        ancestors = repo.changelog.ancestors(revnums, inclusive=True)
    remotebookmark = remote.listkeys('bookmarks')

    explicit = set(pushop.bookmarks)

    comp = bookmod.compare(repo, repo._bookmarks, remotebookmark, srchex=hex)
    addsrc, adddst, advsrc, advdst, diverge, differ, invalid, same = comp
    for b, scid, dcid in advsrc:
        if b in explicit:
            explicit.remove(b)
        if not ancestors or repo[scid].rev() in ancestors:
            pushop.outbookmarks.append((b, dcid, scid))
    # search added bookmark
    for b, scid, dcid in addsrc:
        if b in explicit:
            explicit.remove(b)
            pushop.outbookmarks.append((b, '', scid))
    # search for overwritten bookmark
    for b, scid, dcid in advdst + diverge + differ:
        if b in explicit:
            explicit.remove(b)
            pushop.outbookmarks.append((b, dcid, scid))
    # search for bookmark to delete
    for b, scid, dcid in adddst:
        if b in explicit:
            explicit.remove(b)
            # treat as "deleted locally"
            pushop.outbookmarks.append((b, dcid, ''))
    # identical bookmarks shouldn't get reported
    for b, scid, dcid in same:
        if b in explicit:
            explicit.remove(b)

    if explicit:
        explicit = sorted(explicit)
        # we should probably list all of them
        ui.warn(_('bookmark %s does not exist on the local '
                  'or remote repository!\n') % explicit[0])
        pushop.bkresult = 2

    pushop.outbookmarks.sort()

def _pushcheckoutgoing(pushop):
    outgoing = pushop.outgoing
    unfi = pushop.repo.unfiltered()
    if not outgoing.missing:
        # nothing to push
        scmutil.nochangesfound(unfi.ui, unfi, outgoing.excluded)
        return False
    # something to push
    if not pushop.force:
        # if repo.obsstore == False --> no obsolete
        # then, save the iteration
        if unfi.obsstore:
            # this message are here for 80 char limit reason
            mso = _("push includes obsolete changeset: %s!")
            mst = {"unstable": _("push includes unstable changeset: %s!"),
                   "bumped": _("push includes bumped changeset: %s!"),
                   "divergent": _("push includes divergent changeset: %s!")}
            # If we are to push if there is at least one
            # obsolete or unstable changeset in missing, at
            # least one of the missinghead will be obsolete or
            # unstable. So checking heads only is ok
            for node in outgoing.missingheads:
                ctx = unfi[node]
                if ctx.obsolete():
                    raise error.Abort(mso % ctx)
                elif ctx.troubled():
                    raise error.Abort(mst[ctx.troubles()[0]] % ctx)

        # internal config: bookmarks.pushing
        newbm = pushop.ui.configlist('bookmarks', 'pushing')
        discovery.checkheads(unfi, pushop.remote, outgoing,
                             pushop.remoteheads,
                             pushop.newbranch,
                             bool(pushop.incoming),
                             newbm)
    return True

# List of names of steps to perform for an outgoing bundle2, order matters.
b2partsgenorder = []

# Mapping between step name and function
#
# This exists to help extensions wrap steps if necessary
b2partsgenmapping = {}

def b2partsgenerator(stepname, idx=None):
    """decorator for function generating bundle2 part

    The function is added to the step -> function mapping and appended to the
    list of steps.  Beware that decorated functions will be added in order
    (this may matter).

    You can only use this decorator for new steps, if you want to wrap a step
    from an extension, attack the b2partsgenmapping dictionary directly."""
    def dec(func):
        assert stepname not in b2partsgenmapping
        b2partsgenmapping[stepname] = func
        if idx is None:
            b2partsgenorder.append(stepname)
        else:
            b2partsgenorder.insert(idx, stepname)
        return func
    return dec

def _pushb2ctxcheckheads(pushop, bundler):
    """Generate race condition checking parts

    Exists as an indepedent function to aid extensions
    """
    if not pushop.force:
        bundler.newpart('check:heads', data=iter(pushop.remoteheads))

@b2partsgenerator('changeset')
def _pushb2ctx(pushop, bundler):
    """handle changegroup push through bundle2

    addchangegroup result is stored in the ``pushop.cgresult`` attribute.
    """
    if 'changesets' in pushop.stepsdone:
        return
    pushop.stepsdone.add('changesets')
    # Send known heads to the server for race detection.
    if not _pushcheckoutgoing(pushop):
        return
    pushop.repo.prepushoutgoinghooks(pushop.repo,
                                     pushop.remote,
                                     pushop.outgoing)

    _pushb2ctxcheckheads(pushop, bundler)

    b2caps = bundle2.bundle2caps(pushop.remote)
    version = None
    cgversions = b2caps.get('changegroup')
    if not cgversions:  # 3.1 and 3.2 ship with an empty value
        cg = changegroup.getlocalchangegroupraw(pushop.repo, 'push',
                                                pushop.outgoing)
    else:
        cgversions = [v for v in cgversions if v in changegroup.packermap]
        if not cgversions:
            raise ValueError(_('no common changegroup version'))
        version = max(cgversions)
        cg = changegroup.getlocalchangegroupraw(pushop.repo, 'push',
                                                pushop.outgoing,
                                                version=version)
    cgpart = bundler.newpart('changegroup', data=cg)
    if version is not None:
        cgpart.addparam('version', version)
    def handlereply(op):
        """extract addchangegroup returns from server reply"""
        cgreplies = op.records.getreplies(cgpart.id)
        assert len(cgreplies['changegroup']) == 1
        pushop.cgresult = cgreplies['changegroup'][0]['return']
    return handlereply

@b2partsgenerator('phase')
def _pushb2phases(pushop, bundler):
    """handle phase push through bundle2"""
    if 'phases' in pushop.stepsdone:
        return
    b2caps = bundle2.bundle2caps(pushop.remote)
    if not 'pushkey' in b2caps:
        return
    pushop.stepsdone.add('phases')
    part2node = []

    def handlefailure(pushop, exc):
        targetid = int(exc.partid)
        for partid, node in part2node:
            if partid == targetid:
                raise error.Abort(_('updating %s to public failed') % node)

    enc = pushkey.encode
    for newremotehead in pushop.outdatedphases:
        part = bundler.newpart('pushkey')
        part.addparam('namespace', enc('phases'))
        part.addparam('key', enc(newremotehead.hex()))
        part.addparam('old', enc(str(phases.draft)))
        part.addparam('new', enc(str(phases.public)))
        part2node.append((part.id, newremotehead))
        pushop.pkfailcb[part.id] = handlefailure

    def handlereply(op):
        for partid, node in part2node:
            partrep = op.records.getreplies(partid)
            results = partrep['pushkey']
            assert len(results) <= 1
            msg = None
            if not results:
                msg = _('server ignored update of %s to public!\n') % node
            elif not int(results[0]['return']):
                msg = _('updating %s to public failed!\n') % node
            if msg is not None:
                pushop.ui.warn(msg)
    return handlereply

@b2partsgenerator('obsmarkers')
def _pushb2obsmarkers(pushop, bundler):
    if 'obsmarkers' in pushop.stepsdone:
        return
    remoteversions = bundle2.obsmarkersversion(bundler.capabilities)
    if obsolete.commonversion(remoteversions) is None:
        return
    pushop.stepsdone.add('obsmarkers')
    if pushop.outobsmarkers:
        markers = sorted(pushop.outobsmarkers)
        buildobsmarkerspart(bundler, markers)

@b2partsgenerator('bookmarks')
def _pushb2bookmarks(pushop, bundler):
    """handle bookmark push through bundle2"""
    if 'bookmarks' in pushop.stepsdone:
        return
    b2caps = bundle2.bundle2caps(pushop.remote)
    if 'pushkey' not in b2caps:
        return
    pushop.stepsdone.add('bookmarks')
    part2book = []
    enc = pushkey.encode

    def handlefailure(pushop, exc):
        targetid = int(exc.partid)
        for partid, book, action in part2book:
            if partid == targetid:
                raise error.Abort(bookmsgmap[action][1].rstrip() % book)
        # we should not be called for part we did not generated
        assert False

    for book, old, new in pushop.outbookmarks:
        part = bundler.newpart('pushkey')
        part.addparam('namespace', enc('bookmarks'))
        part.addparam('key', enc(book))
        part.addparam('old', enc(old))
        part.addparam('new', enc(new))
        action = 'update'
        if not old:
            action = 'export'
        elif not new:
            action = 'delete'
        part2book.append((part.id, book, action))
        pushop.pkfailcb[part.id] = handlefailure

    def handlereply(op):
        ui = pushop.ui
        for partid, book, action in part2book:
            partrep = op.records.getreplies(partid)
            results = partrep['pushkey']
            assert len(results) <= 1
            if not results:
                pushop.ui.warn(_('server ignored bookmark %s update\n') % book)
            else:
                ret = int(results[0]['return'])
                if ret:
                    ui.status(bookmsgmap[action][0] % book)
                else:
                    ui.warn(bookmsgmap[action][1] % book)
                    if pushop.bkresult is not None:
                        pushop.bkresult = 1
    return handlereply


def _pushbundle2(pushop):
    """push data to the remote using bundle2

    The only currently supported type of data is changegroup but this will
    evolve in the future."""
    bundler = bundle2.bundle20(pushop.ui, bundle2.bundle2caps(pushop.remote))
    pushback = (pushop.trmanager
                and pushop.ui.configbool('experimental', 'bundle2.pushback'))

    # create reply capability
    capsblob = bundle2.encodecaps(bundle2.getrepocaps(pushop.repo,
                                                      allowpushback=pushback))
    bundler.newpart('replycaps', data=capsblob)
    replyhandlers = []
    for partgenname in b2partsgenorder:
        partgen = b2partsgenmapping[partgenname]
        ret = partgen(pushop, bundler)
        if callable(ret):
            replyhandlers.append(ret)
    # do not push if nothing to push
    if bundler.nbparts <= 1:
        return
    stream = util.chunkbuffer(bundler.getchunks())
    try:
        try:
            reply = pushop.remote.unbundle(stream, ['force'], 'push')
        except error.BundleValueError as exc:
            raise error.Abort('missing support for %s' % exc)
        try:
            trgetter = None
            if pushback:
                trgetter = pushop.trmanager.transaction
            op = bundle2.processbundle(pushop.repo, reply, trgetter)
        except error.BundleValueError as exc:
            raise error.Abort('missing support for %s' % exc)
    except error.PushkeyFailed as exc:
        partid = int(exc.partid)
        if partid not in pushop.pkfailcb:
            raise
        pushop.pkfailcb[partid](pushop, exc)
    for rephand in replyhandlers:
        rephand(op)

def _pushchangeset(pushop):
    """Make the actual push of changeset bundle to remote repo"""
    if 'changesets' in pushop.stepsdone:
        return
    pushop.stepsdone.add('changesets')
    if not _pushcheckoutgoing(pushop):
        return
    pushop.repo.prepushoutgoinghooks(pushop.repo,
                                     pushop.remote,
                                     pushop.outgoing)
    outgoing = pushop.outgoing
    unbundle = pushop.remote.capable('unbundle')
    # TODO: get bundlecaps from remote
    bundlecaps = None
    # create a changegroup from local
    if pushop.revs is None and not (outgoing.excluded
                            or pushop.repo.changelog.filteredrevs):
        # push everything,
        # use the fast path, no race possible on push
        bundler = changegroup.cg1packer(pushop.repo, bundlecaps)
        cg = changegroup.getsubset(pushop.repo,
                                   outgoing,
                                   bundler,
                                   'push',
                                   fastpath=True)
    else:
        cg = changegroup.getlocalchangegroup(pushop.repo, 'push', outgoing,
                                        bundlecaps)

    # apply changegroup to remote
    if unbundle:
        # local repo finds heads on server, finds out what
        # revs it must push. once revs transferred, if server
        # finds it has different heads (someone else won
        # commit/push race), server aborts.
        if pushop.force:
            remoteheads = ['force']
        else:
            remoteheads = pushop.remoteheads
        # ssh: return remote's addchangegroup()
        # http: return remote's addchangegroup() or 0 for error
        pushop.cgresult = pushop.remote.unbundle(cg, remoteheads,
                                            pushop.repo.url())
    else:
        # we return an integer indicating remote head count
        # change
        pushop.cgresult = pushop.remote.addchangegroup(cg, 'push',
                                                       pushop.repo.url())

def _pushsyncphase(pushop):
    """synchronise phase information locally and remotely"""
    cheads = pushop.commonheads
    # even when we don't push, exchanging phase data is useful
    remotephases = pushop.remote.listkeys('phases')
    if (pushop.ui.configbool('ui', '_usedassubrepo', False)
        and remotephases    # server supports phases
        and pushop.cgresult is None # nothing was pushed
        and remotephases.get('publishing', False)):
        # When:
        # - this is a subrepo push
        # - and remote support phase
        # - and no changeset was pushed
        # - and remote is publishing
        # We may be in issue 3871 case!
        # We drop the possible phase synchronisation done by
        # courtesy to publish changesets possibly locally draft
        # on the remote.
        remotephases = {'publishing': 'True'}
    if not remotephases: # old server or public only reply from non-publishing
        _localphasemove(pushop, cheads)
        # don't push any phase data as there is nothing to push
    else:
        ana = phases.analyzeremotephases(pushop.repo, cheads,
                                         remotephases)
        pheads, droots = ana
        ### Apply remote phase on local
        if remotephases.get('publishing', False):
            _localphasemove(pushop, cheads)
        else: # publish = False
            _localphasemove(pushop, pheads)
            _localphasemove(pushop, cheads, phases.draft)
        ### Apply local phase on remote

        if pushop.cgresult:
            if 'phases' in pushop.stepsdone:
                # phases already pushed though bundle2
                return
            outdated = pushop.outdatedphases
        else:
            outdated = pushop.fallbackoutdatedphases

        pushop.stepsdone.add('phases')

        # filter heads already turned public by the push
        outdated = [c for c in outdated if c.node() not in pheads]
        # fallback to independent pushkey command
        for newremotehead in outdated:
            r = pushop.remote.pushkey('phases',
                                      newremotehead.hex(),
                                      str(phases.draft),
                                      str(phases.public))
            if not r:
                pushop.ui.warn(_('updating %s to public failed!\n')
                               % newremotehead)

def _localphasemove(pushop, nodes, phase=phases.public):
    """move <nodes> to <phase> in the local source repo"""
    if pushop.trmanager:
        phases.advanceboundary(pushop.repo,
                               pushop.trmanager.transaction(),
                               phase,
                               nodes)
    else:
        # repo is not locked, do not change any phases!
        # Informs the user that phases should have been moved when
        # applicable.
        actualmoves = [n for n in nodes if phase < pushop.repo[n].phase()]
        phasestr = phases.phasenames[phase]
        if actualmoves:
            pushop.ui.status(_('cannot lock source repo, skipping '
                               'local %s phase update\n') % phasestr)

def _pushobsolete(pushop):
    """utility function to push obsolete markers to a remote"""
    if 'obsmarkers' in pushop.stepsdone:
        return
    repo = pushop.repo
    remote = pushop.remote
    pushop.stepsdone.add('obsmarkers')
    if pushop.outobsmarkers:
        pushop.ui.debug('try to push obsolete markers to remote\n')
        rslts = []
        remotedata = obsolete._pushkeyescape(sorted(pushop.outobsmarkers))
        for key in sorted(remotedata, reverse=True):
            # reverse sort to ensure we end with dump0
            data = remotedata[key]
            rslts.append(remote.pushkey('obsolete', key, '', data))
        if [r for r in rslts if not r]:
            msg = _('failed to push some obsolete markers!\n')
            repo.ui.warn(msg)

def _pushbookmark(pushop):
    """Update bookmark position on remote"""
    if pushop.cgresult == 0 or 'bookmarks' in pushop.stepsdone:
        return
    pushop.stepsdone.add('bookmarks')
    ui = pushop.ui
    remote = pushop.remote

    for b, old, new in pushop.outbookmarks:
        action = 'update'
        if not old:
            action = 'export'
        elif not new:
            action = 'delete'
        if remote.pushkey('bookmarks', b, old, new):
            ui.status(bookmsgmap[action][0] % b)
        else:
            ui.warn(bookmsgmap[action][1] % b)
            # discovery can have set the value form invalid entry
            if pushop.bkresult is not None:
                pushop.bkresult = 1

class pulloperation(object):
    """A object that represent a single pull operation

    It purpose is to carry pull related state and very common operation.

    A new should be created at the beginning of each pull and discarded
    afterward.
    """

    def __init__(self, repo, remote, heads=None, force=False, bookmarks=(),
                 remotebookmarks=None, streamclonerequested=None):
        # repo we pull into
        self.repo = repo
        # repo we pull from
        self.remote = remote
        # revision we try to pull (None is "all")
        self.heads = heads
        # bookmark pulled explicitly
        self.explicitbookmarks = bookmarks
        # do we force pull?
        self.force = force
        # whether a streaming clone was requested
        self.streamclonerequested = streamclonerequested
        # transaction manager
        self.trmanager = None
        # set of common changeset between local and remote before pull
        self.common = None
        # set of pulled head
        self.rheads = None
        # list of missing changeset to fetch remotely
        self.fetch = None
        # remote bookmarks data
        self.remotebookmarks = remotebookmarks
        # result of changegroup pulling (used as return code by pull)
        self.cgresult = None
        # list of step already done
        self.stepsdone = set()

    @util.propertycache
    def pulledsubset(self):
        """heads of the set of changeset target by the pull"""
        # compute target subset
        if self.heads is None:
            # We pulled every thing possible
            # sync on everything common
            c = set(self.common)
            ret = list(self.common)
            for n in self.rheads:
                if n not in c:
                    ret.append(n)
            return ret
        else:
            # We pulled a specific subset
            # sync on this subset
            return self.heads

    @util.propertycache
    def canusebundle2(self):
        return _canusebundle2(self)

    @util.propertycache
    def remotebundle2caps(self):
        return bundle2.bundle2caps(self.remote)

    def gettransaction(self):
        # deprecated; talk to trmanager directly
        return self.trmanager.transaction()

class transactionmanager(object):
    """An object to manage the life cycle of a transaction

    It creates the transaction on demand and calls the appropriate hooks when
    closing the transaction."""
    def __init__(self, repo, source, url):
        self.repo = repo
        self.source = source
        self.url = url
        self._tr = None

    def transaction(self):
        """Return an open transaction object, constructing if necessary"""
        if not self._tr:
            trname = '%s\n%s' % (self.source, util.hidepassword(self.url))
            self._tr = self.repo.transaction(trname)
            self._tr.hookargs['source'] = self.source
            self._tr.hookargs['url'] = self.url
        return self._tr

    def close(self):
        """close transaction if created"""
        if self._tr is not None:
            self._tr.close()

    def release(self):
        """release transaction if created"""
        if self._tr is not None:
            self._tr.release()

def pull(repo, remote, heads=None, force=False, bookmarks=(), opargs=None,
         streamclonerequested=None):
    """Fetch repository data from a remote.

    This is the main function used to retrieve data from a remote repository.

    ``repo`` is the local repository to clone into.
    ``remote`` is a peer instance.
    ``heads`` is an iterable of revisions we want to pull. ``None`` (the
    default) means to pull everything from the remote.
    ``bookmarks`` is an iterable of bookmarks requesting to be pulled. By
    default, all remote bookmarks are pulled.
    ``opargs`` are additional keyword arguments to pass to ``pulloperation``
    initialization.
    ``streamclonerequested`` is a boolean indicating whether a "streaming
    clone" is requested. A "streaming clone" is essentially a raw file copy
    of revlogs from the server. This only works when the local repository is
    empty. The default value of ``None`` means to respect the server
    configuration for preferring stream clones.

    Returns the ``pulloperation`` created for this pull.
    """
    if opargs is None:
        opargs = {}
    pullop = pulloperation(repo, remote, heads, force, bookmarks=bookmarks,
                           streamclonerequested=streamclonerequested, **opargs)
    if pullop.remote.local():
        missing = set(pullop.remote.requirements) - pullop.repo.supported
        if missing:
            msg = _("required features are not"
                    " supported in the destination:"
                    " %s") % (', '.join(sorted(missing)))
            raise error.Abort(msg)

    lock = pullop.repo.lock()
    try:
        pullop.trmanager = transactionmanager(repo, 'pull', remote.url())
        streamclone.maybeperformlegacystreamclone(pullop)
        # This should ideally be in _pullbundle2(). However, it needs to run
        # before discovery to avoid extra work.
        _maybeapplyclonebundle(pullop)
        _pulldiscovery(pullop)
        if pullop.canusebundle2:
            _pullbundle2(pullop)
        _pullchangeset(pullop)
        _pullphase(pullop)
        _pullbookmarks(pullop)
        _pullobsolete(pullop)
        pullop.trmanager.close()
    finally:
        pullop.trmanager.release()
        lock.release()

    return pullop

# list of steps to perform discovery before pull
pulldiscoveryorder = []

# Mapping between step name and function
#
# This exists to help extensions wrap steps if necessary
pulldiscoverymapping = {}

def pulldiscovery(stepname):
    """decorator for function performing discovery before pull

    The function is added to the step -> function mapping and appended to the
    list of steps.  Beware that decorated function will be added in order (this
    may matter).

    You can only use this decorator for a new step, if you want to wrap a step
    from an extension, change the pulldiscovery dictionary directly."""
    def dec(func):
        assert stepname not in pulldiscoverymapping
        pulldiscoverymapping[stepname] = func
        pulldiscoveryorder.append(stepname)
        return func
    return dec

def _pulldiscovery(pullop):
    """Run all discovery steps"""
    for stepname in pulldiscoveryorder:
        step = pulldiscoverymapping[stepname]
        step(pullop)

@pulldiscovery('b1:bookmarks')
def _pullbookmarkbundle1(pullop):
    """fetch bookmark data in bundle1 case

    If not using bundle2, we have to fetch bookmarks before changeset
    discovery to reduce the chance and impact of race conditions."""
    if pullop.remotebookmarks is not None:
        return
    if pullop.canusebundle2 and 'listkeys' in pullop.remotebundle2caps:
        # all known bundle2 servers now support listkeys, but lets be nice with
        # new implementation.
        return
    pullop.remotebookmarks = pullop.remote.listkeys('bookmarks')


@pulldiscovery('changegroup')
def _pulldiscoverychangegroup(pullop):
    """discovery phase for the pull

    Current handle changeset discovery only, will change handle all discovery
    at some point."""
    tmp = discovery.findcommonincoming(pullop.repo,
                                       pullop.remote,
                                       heads=pullop.heads,
                                       force=pullop.force)
    common, fetch, rheads = tmp
    nm = pullop.repo.unfiltered().changelog.nodemap
    if fetch and rheads:
        # If a remote heads in filtered locally, lets drop it from the unknown
        # remote heads and put in back in common.
        #
        # This is a hackish solution to catch most of "common but locally
        # hidden situation".  We do not performs discovery on unfiltered
        # repository because it end up doing a pathological amount of round
        # trip for w huge amount of changeset we do not care about.
        #
        # If a set of such "common but filtered" changeset exist on the server
        # but are not including a remote heads, we'll not be able to detect it,
        scommon = set(common)
        filteredrheads = []
        for n in rheads:
            if n in nm:
                if n not in scommon:
                    common.append(n)
            else:
                filteredrheads.append(n)
        if not filteredrheads:
            fetch = []
        rheads = filteredrheads
    pullop.common = common
    pullop.fetch = fetch
    pullop.rheads = rheads

def _pullbundle2(pullop):
    """pull data using bundle2

    For now, the only supported data are changegroup."""
    kwargs = {'bundlecaps': caps20to10(pullop.repo)}

    streaming, streamreqs = streamclone.canperformstreamclone(pullop)

    # pulling changegroup
    pullop.stepsdone.add('changegroup')

    kwargs['common'] = pullop.common
    kwargs['heads'] = pullop.heads or pullop.rheads
    kwargs['cg'] = pullop.fetch
    if 'listkeys' in pullop.remotebundle2caps:
        kwargs['listkeys'] = ['phase']
        if pullop.remotebookmarks is None:
            # make sure to always includes bookmark data when migrating
            # `hg incoming --bundle` to using this function.
            kwargs['listkeys'].append('bookmarks')
    if streaming:
        pullop.repo.ui.status(_('streaming all changes\n'))
    elif not pullop.fetch:
        pullop.repo.ui.status(_("no changes found\n"))
        pullop.cgresult = 0
    else:
        if pullop.heads is None and list(pullop.common) == [nullid]:
            pullop.repo.ui.status(_("requesting all changes\n"))
    if obsolete.isenabled(pullop.repo, obsolete.exchangeopt):
        remoteversions = bundle2.obsmarkersversion(pullop.remotebundle2caps)
        if obsolete.commonversion(remoteversions) is not None:
            kwargs['obsmarkers'] = True
            pullop.stepsdone.add('obsmarkers')
    _pullbundle2extraprepare(pullop, kwargs)
    bundle = pullop.remote.getbundle('pull', **kwargs)
    try:
        op = bundle2.processbundle(pullop.repo, bundle, pullop.gettransaction)
    except error.BundleValueError as exc:
        raise error.Abort('missing support for %s' % exc)

    if pullop.fetch:
        results = [cg['return'] for cg in op.records['changegroup']]
        pullop.cgresult = changegroup.combineresults(results)

    # processing phases change
    for namespace, value in op.records['listkeys']:
        if namespace == 'phases':
            _pullapplyphases(pullop, value)

    # processing bookmark update
    for namespace, value in op.records['listkeys']:
        if namespace == 'bookmarks':
            pullop.remotebookmarks = value

    # bookmark data were either already there or pulled in the bundle
    if pullop.remotebookmarks is not None:
        _pullbookmarks(pullop)

def _pullbundle2extraprepare(pullop, kwargs):
    """hook function so that extensions can extend the getbundle call"""
    pass

def _pullchangeset(pullop):
    """pull changeset from unbundle into the local repo"""
    # We delay the open of the transaction as late as possible so we
    # don't open transaction for nothing or you break future useful
    # rollback call
    if 'changegroup' in pullop.stepsdone:
        return
    pullop.stepsdone.add('changegroup')
    if not pullop.fetch:
        pullop.repo.ui.status(_("no changes found\n"))
        pullop.cgresult = 0
        return
    pullop.gettransaction()
    if pullop.heads is None and list(pullop.common) == [nullid]:
        pullop.repo.ui.status(_("requesting all changes\n"))
    elif pullop.heads is None and pullop.remote.capable('changegroupsubset'):
        # issue1320, avoid a race if remote changed after discovery
        pullop.heads = pullop.rheads

    if pullop.remote.capable('getbundle'):
        # TODO: get bundlecaps from remote
        cg = pullop.remote.getbundle('pull', common=pullop.common,
                                     heads=pullop.heads or pullop.rheads)
    elif pullop.heads is None:
        cg = pullop.remote.changegroup(pullop.fetch, 'pull')
    elif not pullop.remote.capable('changegroupsubset'):
        raise error.Abort(_("partial pull cannot be done because "
                           "other repository doesn't support "
                           "changegroupsubset."))
    else:
        cg = pullop.remote.changegroupsubset(pullop.fetch, pullop.heads, 'pull')
    pullop.cgresult = changegroup.addchangegroup(pullop.repo, cg, 'pull',
                                                 pullop.remote.url())

def _pullphase(pullop):
    # Get remote phases data from remote
    if 'phases' in pullop.stepsdone:
        return
    remotephases = pullop.remote.listkeys('phases')
    _pullapplyphases(pullop, remotephases)

def _pullapplyphases(pullop, remotephases):
    """apply phase movement from observed remote state"""
    if 'phases' in pullop.stepsdone:
        return
    pullop.stepsdone.add('phases')
    publishing = bool(remotephases.get('publishing', False))
    if remotephases and not publishing:
        # remote is new and unpublishing
        pheads, _dr = phases.analyzeremotephases(pullop.repo,
                                                 pullop.pulledsubset,
                                                 remotephases)
        dheads = pullop.pulledsubset
    else:
        # Remote is old or publishing all common changesets
        # should be seen as public
        pheads = pullop.pulledsubset
        dheads = []
    unfi = pullop.repo.unfiltered()
    phase = unfi._phasecache.phase
    rev = unfi.changelog.nodemap.get
    public = phases.public
    draft = phases.draft

    # exclude changesets already public locally and update the others
    pheads = [pn for pn in pheads if phase(unfi, rev(pn)) > public]
    if pheads:
        tr = pullop.gettransaction()
        phases.advanceboundary(pullop.repo, tr, public, pheads)

    # exclude changesets already draft locally and update the others
    dheads = [pn for pn in dheads if phase(unfi, rev(pn)) > draft]
    if dheads:
        tr = pullop.gettransaction()
        phases.advanceboundary(pullop.repo, tr, draft, dheads)

def _pullbookmarks(pullop):
    """process the remote bookmark information to update the local one"""
    if 'bookmarks' in pullop.stepsdone:
        return
    pullop.stepsdone.add('bookmarks')
    repo = pullop.repo
    remotebookmarks = pullop.remotebookmarks
    bookmod.updatefromremote(repo.ui, repo, remotebookmarks,
                             pullop.remote.url(),
                             pullop.gettransaction,
                             explicit=pullop.explicitbookmarks)

def _pullobsolete(pullop):
    """utility function to pull obsolete markers from a remote

    The `gettransaction` is function that return the pull transaction, creating
    one if necessary. We return the transaction to inform the calling code that
    a new transaction have been created (when applicable).

    Exists mostly to allow overriding for experimentation purpose"""
    if 'obsmarkers' in pullop.stepsdone:
        return
    pullop.stepsdone.add('obsmarkers')
    tr = None
    if obsolete.isenabled(pullop.repo, obsolete.exchangeopt):
        pullop.repo.ui.debug('fetching remote obsolete markers\n')
        remoteobs = pullop.remote.listkeys('obsolete')
        if 'dump0' in remoteobs:
            tr = pullop.gettransaction()
            for key in sorted(remoteobs, reverse=True):
                if key.startswith('dump'):
                    data = base85.b85decode(remoteobs[key])
                    pullop.repo.obsstore.mergemarkers(tr, data)
            pullop.repo.invalidatevolatilesets()
    return tr

def caps20to10(repo):
    """return a set with appropriate options to use bundle20 during getbundle"""
    caps = set(['HG20'])
    capsblob = bundle2.encodecaps(bundle2.getrepocaps(repo))
    caps.add('bundle2=' + urllib.quote(capsblob))
    return caps

# List of names of steps to perform for a bundle2 for getbundle, order matters.
getbundle2partsorder = []

# Mapping between step name and function
#
# This exists to help extensions wrap steps if necessary
getbundle2partsmapping = {}

def getbundle2partsgenerator(stepname, idx=None):
    """decorator for function generating bundle2 part for getbundle

    The function is added to the step -> function mapping and appended to the
    list of steps.  Beware that decorated functions will be added in order
    (this may matter).

    You can only use this decorator for new steps, if you want to wrap a step
    from an extension, attack the getbundle2partsmapping dictionary directly."""
    def dec(func):
        assert stepname not in getbundle2partsmapping
        getbundle2partsmapping[stepname] = func
        if idx is None:
            getbundle2partsorder.append(stepname)
        else:
            getbundle2partsorder.insert(idx, stepname)
        return func
    return dec

def getbundle(repo, source, heads=None, common=None, bundlecaps=None,
              **kwargs):
    """return a full bundle (with potentially multiple kind of parts)

    Could be a bundle HG10 or a bundle HG20 depending on bundlecaps
    passed. For now, the bundle can contain only changegroup, but this will
    changes when more part type will be available for bundle2.

    This is different from changegroup.getchangegroup that only returns an HG10
    changegroup bundle. They may eventually get reunited in the future when we
    have a clearer idea of the API we what to query different data.

    The implementation is at a very early stage and will get massive rework
    when the API of bundle is refined.
    """
    # bundle10 case
    usebundle2 = False
    if bundlecaps is not None:
        usebundle2 = any((cap.startswith('HG2') for cap in bundlecaps))
    if not usebundle2:
        if bundlecaps and not kwargs.get('cg', True):
            raise ValueError(_('request for bundle10 must include changegroup'))

        if kwargs:
            raise ValueError(_('unsupported getbundle arguments: %s')
                             % ', '.join(sorted(kwargs.keys())))
        return changegroup.getchangegroup(repo, source, heads=heads,
                                          common=common, bundlecaps=bundlecaps)

    # bundle20 case
    b2caps = {}
    for bcaps in bundlecaps:
        if bcaps.startswith('bundle2='):
            blob = urllib.unquote(bcaps[len('bundle2='):])
            b2caps.update(bundle2.decodecaps(blob))
    bundler = bundle2.bundle20(repo.ui, b2caps)

    kwargs['heads'] = heads
    kwargs['common'] = common

    for name in getbundle2partsorder:
        func = getbundle2partsmapping[name]
        func(bundler, repo, source, bundlecaps=bundlecaps, b2caps=b2caps,
             **kwargs)

    return util.chunkbuffer(bundler.getchunks())

@getbundle2partsgenerator('changegroup')
def _getbundlechangegrouppart(bundler, repo, source, bundlecaps=None,
                              b2caps=None, heads=None, common=None, **kwargs):
    """add a changegroup part to the requested bundle"""
    cg = None
    if kwargs.get('cg', True):
        # build changegroup bundle here.
        version = None
        cgversions = b2caps.get('changegroup')
        getcgkwargs = {}
        if cgversions:  # 3.1 and 3.2 ship with an empty value
            cgversions = [v for v in cgversions if v in changegroup.packermap]
            if not cgversions:
                raise ValueError(_('no common changegroup version'))
            version = getcgkwargs['version'] = max(cgversions)
        outgoing = changegroup.computeoutgoing(repo, heads, common)
        cg = changegroup.getlocalchangegroupraw(repo, source, outgoing,
                                                bundlecaps=bundlecaps,
                                                **getcgkwargs)

    if cg:
        part = bundler.newpart('changegroup', data=cg)
        if version is not None:
            part.addparam('version', version)
        part.addparam('nbchanges', str(len(outgoing.missing)), mandatory=False)

@getbundle2partsgenerator('listkeys')
def _getbundlelistkeysparts(bundler, repo, source, bundlecaps=None,
                            b2caps=None, **kwargs):
    """add parts containing listkeys namespaces to the requested bundle"""
    listkeys = kwargs.get('listkeys', ())
    for namespace in listkeys:
        part = bundler.newpart('listkeys')
        part.addparam('namespace', namespace)
        keys = repo.listkeys(namespace).items()
        part.data = pushkey.encodekeys(keys)

@getbundle2partsgenerator('obsmarkers')
def _getbundleobsmarkerpart(bundler, repo, source, bundlecaps=None,
                            b2caps=None, heads=None, **kwargs):
    """add an obsolescence markers part to the requested bundle"""
    if kwargs.get('obsmarkers', False):
        if heads is None:
            heads = repo.heads()
        subset = [c.node() for c in repo.set('::%ln', heads)]
        markers = repo.obsstore.relevantmarkers(subset)
        markers = sorted(markers)
        buildobsmarkerspart(bundler, markers)

@getbundle2partsgenerator('hgtagsfnodes')
def _getbundletagsfnodes(bundler, repo, source, bundlecaps=None,
                         b2caps=None, heads=None, common=None,
                         **kwargs):
    """Transfer the .hgtags filenodes mapping.

    Only values for heads in this bundle will be transferred.

    The part data consists of pairs of 20 byte changeset node and .hgtags
    filenodes raw values.
    """
    # Don't send unless:
    # - changeset are being exchanged,
    # - the client supports it.
    if not (kwargs.get('cg', True) and 'hgtagsfnodes' in b2caps):
        return

    outgoing = changegroup.computeoutgoing(repo, heads, common)

    if not outgoing.missingheads:
        return

    cache = tags.hgtagsfnodescache(repo.unfiltered())
    chunks = []

    # .hgtags fnodes are only relevant for head changesets. While we could
    # transfer values for all known nodes, there will likely be little to
    # no benefit.
    #
    # We don't bother using a generator to produce output data because
    # a) we only have 40 bytes per head and even esoteric numbers of heads
    # consume little memory (1M heads is 40MB) b) we don't want to send the
    # part if we don't have entries and knowing if we have entries requires
    # cache lookups.
    for node in outgoing.missingheads:
        # Don't compute missing, as this may slow down serving.
        fnode = cache.getfnode(node, computemissing=False)
        if fnode is not None:
            chunks.extend([node, fnode])

    if chunks:
        bundler.newpart('hgtagsfnodes', data=''.join(chunks))

def check_heads(repo, their_heads, context):
    """check if the heads of a repo have been modified

    Used by peer for unbundling.
    """
    heads = repo.heads()
    heads_hash = util.sha1(''.join(sorted(heads))).digest()
    if not (their_heads == ['force'] or their_heads == heads or
            their_heads == ['hashed', heads_hash]):
        # someone else committed/pushed/unbundled while we
        # were transferring data
        raise error.PushRaced('repository changed while %s - '
                              'please try again' % context)

def unbundle(repo, cg, heads, source, url):
    """Apply a bundle to a repo.

    this function makes sure the repo is locked during the application and have
    mechanism to check that no push race occurred between the creation of the
    bundle and its application.

    If the push was raced as PushRaced exception is raised."""
    r = 0
    # need a transaction when processing a bundle2 stream
    # [wlock, lock, tr] - needs to be an array so nested functions can modify it
    lockandtr = [None, None, None]
    recordout = None
    # quick fix for output mismatch with bundle2 in 3.4
    captureoutput = repo.ui.configbool('experimental', 'bundle2-output-capture',
                                       False)
    if url.startswith('remote:http:') or url.startswith('remote:https:'):
        captureoutput = True
    try:
        check_heads(repo, heads, 'uploading changes')
        # push can proceed
        if util.safehasattr(cg, 'params'):
            r = None
            try:
                def gettransaction():
                    if not lockandtr[2]:
                        lockandtr[0] = repo.wlock()
                        lockandtr[1] = repo.lock()
                        lockandtr[2] = repo.transaction(source)
                        lockandtr[2].hookargs['source'] = source
                        lockandtr[2].hookargs['url'] = url
                        lockandtr[2].hookargs['bundle2'] = '1'
                    return lockandtr[2]

                # Do greedy locking by default until we're satisfied with lazy
                # locking.
                if not repo.ui.configbool('experimental', 'bundle2lazylocking'):
                    gettransaction()

                op = bundle2.bundleoperation(repo, gettransaction,
                                             captureoutput=captureoutput)
                try:
                    op = bundle2.processbundle(repo, cg, op=op)
                finally:
                    r = op.reply
                    if captureoutput and r is not None:
                        repo.ui.pushbuffer(error=True, subproc=True)
                        def recordout(output):
                            r.newpart('output', data=output, mandatory=False)
                if lockandtr[2] is not None:
                    lockandtr[2].close()
            except BaseException as exc:
                exc.duringunbundle2 = True
                if captureoutput and r is not None:
                    parts = exc._bundle2salvagedoutput = r.salvageoutput()
                    def recordout(output):
                        part = bundle2.bundlepart('output', data=output,
                                                  mandatory=False)
                        parts.append(part)
                raise
        else:
            lockandtr[1] = repo.lock()
            r = changegroup.addchangegroup(repo, cg, source, url)
    finally:
        lockmod.release(lockandtr[2], lockandtr[1], lockandtr[0])
        if recordout is not None:
            recordout(repo.ui.popbuffer())
    return r

def _maybeapplyclonebundle(pullop):
    """Apply a clone bundle from a remote, if possible."""

    repo = pullop.repo
    remote = pullop.remote

    if not repo.ui.configbool('experimental', 'clonebundles', False):
        return

    if pullop.heads:
        return

    if not remote.capable('clonebundles'):
        return

    res = remote._call('clonebundles')
    entries = parseclonebundlesmanifest(res)

    # TODO filter entries by supported features.
    # TODO sort entries by user preferences.

    if not entries:
        repo.ui.note(_('no clone bundles available on remote; '
                       'falling back to regular clone\n'))
        return

    url = entries[0]['URL']
    repo.ui.status(_('applying clone bundle from %s\n') % url)
    if trypullbundlefromurl(repo.ui, repo, url):
        repo.ui.status(_('finished applying clone bundle\n'))
    # Bundle failed.
    #
    # We abort by default to avoid the thundering herd of
    # clients flooding a server that was expecting expensive
    # clone load to be offloaded.
    elif repo.ui.configbool('ui', 'clonebundlefallback', False):
        repo.ui.warn(_('falling back to normal clone\n'))
    else:
        raise error.Abort(_('error applying bundle'),
                          hint=_('consider contacting the server '
                                 'operator if this error persists'))

def parseclonebundlesmanifest(s):
    """Parses the raw text of a clone bundles manifest.

    Returns a list of dicts. The dicts have a ``URL`` key corresponding
    to the URL and other keys are the attributes for the entry.
    """
    m = []
    for line in s.splitlines():
        fields = line.split()
        if not fields:
            continue
        attrs = {'URL': fields[0]}
        for rawattr in fields[1:]:
            key, value = rawattr.split('=', 1)
            attrs[urllib.unquote(key)] = urllib.unquote(value)

        m.append(attrs)

    return m

def trypullbundlefromurl(ui, repo, url):
    """Attempt to apply a bundle from a URL."""
    lock = repo.lock()
    try:
        tr = repo.transaction('bundleurl')
        try:
            try:
                fh = urlmod.open(ui, url)
                cg = readbundle(ui, fh, 'stream')
                changegroup.addchangegroup(repo, cg, 'clonebundles', url)
                tr.close()
                return True
            except urllib2.HTTPError as e:
                ui.warn(_('HTTP error fetching bundle: %s\n') % str(e))
            except urllib2.URLError as e:
                ui.warn(_('error fetching bundle: %s\n') % e.reason)

            return False
        finally:
            tr.release()
    finally:
        lock.release()