annotate mercurial/url.py @ 13848:b2798c1defff

url: be stricter about detecting schemes

While the URL parser is very forgiving about what characters are
allowed in each component, it's useful to be strict about the scheme
so we don't accidentally interpret local paths with colons as URLs.

This restricts schemes to containing alphanumeric characters, dashes,
pluses, and dots (as specified in RFC 2396).

# url.py - HTTP handling for mercurial
#
# Copyright 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Matt Mackall <[e-mail]>
# Copyright 2006, 2007 Alexis S. L. Carvalho <[e-mail]>
# Copyright 2006 Vadim Gelfer <[e-mail]>
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.

import urllib, urllib2, httplib, os, socket, cStringIO, re
import __builtin__
from i18n import _
import keepalive, util

class url(object):
    """Reliable URL parser.

    This parses URLs and provides attributes for the following
    components:

    <scheme>://<user>:<passwd>@<host>:<port>/<path>?<query>#<fragment>

    Missing components are set to None. The only exception is
    fragment, which is set to '' if present but empty.

    If parsefragment is False, fragment is included in query. If
    parsequery is False, query is included in path. If both are
    False, both fragment and query are included in path.

    See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt for more information.

    Note that for backward compatibility reasons, bundle URLs do not
    take host names. That means 'bundle://../' has a path of '../'.

    Examples:

    >>> url('http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt')
    <url scheme: 'http', host: 'www.ietf.org', path: 'rfc/rfc2396.txt'>
    >>> url('ssh://[::1]:2200//home/joe/repo')
    <url scheme: 'ssh', host: '[::1]', port: '2200', path: '/home/joe/repo'>
    >>> url('file:///home/joe/repo')
    <url scheme: 'file', path: '/home/joe/repo'>
    >>> url('bundle:foo')
    <url scheme: 'bundle', path: 'foo'>
    >>> url('bundle://../foo')
    <url scheme: 'bundle', path: '../foo'>
    >>> url('c:\\\\foo\\\\bar')
    <url path: 'c:\\\\foo\\\\bar'>

    Authentication credentials:

    >>> url('ssh://joe:xyz@x/repo')
    <url scheme: 'ssh', user: 'joe', passwd: 'xyz', host: 'x', path: 'repo'>
    >>> url('ssh://joe@x/repo')
    <url scheme: 'ssh', user: 'joe', host: 'x', path: 'repo'>

    Query strings and fragments:

    >>> url('http://host/a?b#c')
    <url scheme: 'http', host: 'host', path: 'a', query: 'b', fragment: 'c'>
    >>> url('http://host/a?b#c', parsequery=False, parsefragment=False)
    <url scheme: 'http', host: 'host', path: 'a?b#c'>
    """

    _safechars = "!~*'()+"
    _safepchars = "/!~*'()+"
    _matchscheme = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9+.\-]+:').match

    def __init__(self, path, parsequery=True, parsefragment=True):
        # We slowly chomp away at path until we have only the path left
        self.scheme = self.user = self.passwd = self.host = None
        self.port = self.path = self.query = self.fragment = None
        self._localpath = True
        self._hostport = ''
        self._origpath = path

        # special case for Windows drive letters
        if hasdriveletter(path):
            self.path = path
            return

        # For compatibility reasons, we can't handle bundle paths as
        # normal URLS
        if path.startswith('bundle:'):
            self.scheme = 'bundle'
            path = path[7:]
            if path.startswith('//'):
                path = path[2:]
            self.path = path
            return

        if self._matchscheme(path):
            parts = path.split(':', 1)
            if parts[0]:
                self.scheme, path = parts
                self._localpath = False

        if not path:
            path = None
            if self._localpath:
                self.path = ''
                return
        else:
            if parsefragment and '#' in path:
                path, self.fragment = path.split('#', 1)
                if not path:
                    path = None
            if self._localpath:
                self.path = path
                return

            if parsequery and '?' in path:
                path, self.query = path.split('?', 1)
                if not path:
                    path = None
                if not self.query:
                    self.query = None

            # // is required to specify a host/authority
            if path and path.startswith('//'):
                parts = path[2:].split('/', 1)
                if len(parts) > 1:
                    self.host, path = parts
                    path = path
                else:
                    self.host = parts[0]
                    path = None
                if not self.host:
                    self.host = None
                    if path:
                        path = '/' + path

            if self.host and '@' in self.host:
                self.user, self.host = self.host.rsplit('@', 1)
                if ':' in self.user:
                    self.user, self.passwd = self.user.split(':', 1)
                if not self.host:
                    self.host = None

            # Don't split on colons in IPv6 addresses without ports
            if (self.host and ':' in self.host and
                not (self.host.startswith('[') and self.host.endswith(']'))):
                self._hostport = self.host
                self.host, self.port = self.host.rsplit(':', 1)
                if not self.host:
                    self.host = None

            if (self.host and self.scheme == 'file' and
                self.host not in ('localhost', '127.0.0.1', '[::1]')):
                raise util.Abort(_('file:// URLs can only refer to localhost'))

        self.path = path

        for a in ('user', 'passwd', 'host', 'port',
                  'path', 'query', 'fragment'):
            v = getattr(self, a)
            if v is not None:
                setattr(self, a, urllib.unquote(v))

    def __repr__(self):
        attrs = []
        for a in ('scheme', 'user', 'passwd', 'host', 'port', 'path',
                  'query', 'fragment'):
            v = getattr(self, a)
            if v is not None:
                attrs.append('%s: %r' % (a, v))
        return '<url %s>' % ', '.join(attrs)

    def __str__(self):
        """Join the URL's components back into a URL string.

        Examples:

        >>> str(url('http://user:pw@host:80/?foo#bar'))
        'http://user:pw@host:80/?foo#bar'
        >>> str(url('ssh://user:pw@[::1]:2200//home/joe#'))
        'ssh://user:pw@[::1]:2200//home/joe#'
        >>> str(url('http://localhost:80//'))
        'http://localhost:80//'
        >>> str(url('http://localhost:80/'))
        'http://localhost:80/'
        >>> str(url('http://localhost:80'))
        'http://localhost:80/'
        >>> str(url('bundle:foo'))
        'bundle:foo'
        >>> str(url('bundle://../foo'))
        'bundle:../foo'
        >>> str(url('path'))
        'path'
        """
        if self._localpath:
            s = self.path
            if self.scheme == 'bundle':
                s = 'bundle:' + s
            if self.fragment:
                s += '#' + self.fragment
            return s

        s = self.scheme + ':'
        if (self.user or self.passwd or self.host or
            self.scheme and not self.path):
            s += '//'
        if self.user:
            s += urllib.quote(self.user, safe=self._safechars)
        if self.passwd:
            s += ':' + urllib.quote(self.passwd, safe=self._safechars)
        if self.user or self.passwd:
            s += '@'
        if self.host:
            if not (self.host.startswith('[') and self.host.endswith(']')):
                s += urllib.quote(self.host)
            else:
                s += self.host
        if self.port:
            s += ':' + urllib.quote(self.port)
        if self.host:
            s += '/'
        if self.path:
            s += urllib.quote(self.path, safe=self._safepchars)
        if self.query:
            s += '?' + urllib.quote(self.query, safe=self._safepchars)
        if self.fragment is not None:
            s += '#' + urllib.quote(self.fragment, safe=self._safepchars)
        return s

    def authinfo(self):
        user, passwd = self.user, self.passwd
        try:
            self.user, self.passwd = None, None
            s = str(self)
        finally:
            self.user, self.passwd = user, passwd
        if not self.user:
            return (s, None)
        return (s, (None, (str(self), self.host),
                    self.user, self.passwd or ''))

    def localpath(self):
        if self.scheme == 'file' or self.scheme == 'bundle':
            path = self.path or '/'
            # For Windows, we need to promote hosts containing drive
            # letters to paths with drive letters.
            if hasdriveletter(self._hostport):
                path = self._hostport + '/' + self.path
            elif self.host is not None and self.path:
                path = '/' + path
            # We also need to handle the case of file:///C:/, which
            # should return C:/, not /C:/.
            elif hasdriveletter(path):
                # Strip leading slash from paths with drive names
                return path[1:]
            return path
        return self._origpath

def hasscheme(path):
    return bool(url(path).scheme)

def hasdriveletter(path):
    return path[1:2] == ':' and path[0:1].isalpha()

def localpath(path):
    return url(path, parsequery=False, parsefragment=False).localpath()

def hidepassword(u):
    '''hide user credential in a url string'''
    u = url(u)
    if u.passwd:
        u.passwd = '***'
    return str(u)

def removeauth(u):
    '''remove all authentication information from a url string'''
    u = url(u)
    u.user = u.passwd = None
    return str(u)

def netlocsplit(netloc):
    '''split [user[:passwd]@]host[:port] into 4-tuple.'''

    a = netloc.find('@')
    if a == -1:
        user, passwd = None, None
    else:
        userpass, netloc = netloc[:a], netloc[a + 1:]
        c = userpass.find(':')
        if c == -1:
            user, passwd = urllib.unquote(userpass), None
        else:
            user = urllib.unquote(userpass[:c])
            passwd = urllib.unquote(userpass[c + 1:])
    c = netloc.find(':')
    if c == -1:
        host, port = netloc, None
    else:
        host, port = netloc[:c], netloc[c + 1:]
    return host, port, user, passwd

def netlocunsplit(host, port, user=None, passwd=None):
    '''turn host, port, user, passwd into [user[:passwd]@]host[:port].'''
    if port:
        hostport = host + ':' + port
    else:
        hostport = host
    if user:
        quote = lambda s: urllib.quote(s, safe='')
        if passwd:
            userpass = quote(user) + ':' + quote(passwd)
        else:
            userpass = quote(user)
        return userpass + '@' + hostport
    return hostport

def readauthforuri(ui, uri):
    # Read configuration
    config = dict()
    for key, val in ui.configitems('auth'):
        if '.' not in key:
            ui.warn(_("ignoring invalid [auth] key '%s'\n") % key)
            continue
        group, setting = key.rsplit('.', 1)
        gdict = config.setdefault(group, dict())
        if setting in ('username', 'cert', 'key'):
            val = util.expandpath(val)
        gdict[setting] = val

    # Find the best match
    scheme, hostpath = uri.split('://', 1)
    bestlen = 0
    bestauth = None
    for group, auth in config.iteritems():
        prefix = auth.get('prefix')
        if not prefix:
            continue
        p = prefix.split('://', 1)
        if len(p) > 1:
            schemes, prefix = [p[0]], p[1]
        else:
            schemes = (auth.get('schemes') or 'https').split()
        if (prefix == '*' or hostpath.startswith(prefix)) and \
            len(prefix) > bestlen and scheme in schemes:
            bestlen = len(prefix)
            bestauth = group, auth
    return bestauth

_safe = ('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
         'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
         '0123456789' '_.-/')
_safeset = None
_hex = None
def quotepath(path):
    '''quote the path part of a URL

    This is similar to urllib.quote, but it also tries to avoid
    quoting things twice (inspired by wget):

    >>> quotepath('abc def')
    'abc%20def'
    >>> quotepath('abc%20def')
    'abc%20def'
    >>> quotepath('abc%20 def')
    'abc%20%20def'
    >>> quotepath('abc def%20')
    'abc%20def%20'
    >>> quotepath('abc def%2')
    'abc%20def%252'
    >>> quotepath('abc def%')
    'abc%20def%25'
    '''
    global _safeset, _hex
    if _safeset is None:
        _safeset = set(_safe)
        _hex = set('abcdefABCDEF0123456789')
    l = list(path)
    for i in xrange(len(l)):
        c = l[i]
        if (c == '%' and i + 2 < len(l) and
            l[i + 1] in _hex and l[i + 2] in _hex):
            pass
        elif c not in _safeset:
            l[i] = '%%%02X' % ord(c)
    return ''.join(l)

class passwordmgr(urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm):
    def __init__(self, ui):
        urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm.__init__(self)
        self.ui = ui

    def find_user_password(self, realm, authuri):
        authinfo = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm.find_user_password(
            self, realm, authuri)
        user, passwd = authinfo
        if user and passwd:
            self._writedebug(user, passwd)
            return (user, passwd)

        if not user:
            res = readauthforuri(self.ui, authuri)
            if res:
                group, auth = res
                user, passwd = auth.get('username'), auth.get('password')
                self.ui.debug("using auth.%s.* for authentication\n" % group)
        if not user or not passwd:
            if not self.ui.interactive():
                raise util.Abort(_('http authorization required'))

            self.ui.write(_("http authorization required\n"))
            self.ui.write(_("realm: %s\n") % realm)
            if user:
                self.ui.write(_("user: %s\n") % user)
            else:
                user = self.ui.prompt(_("user:"), default=None)

            if not passwd:
                passwd = self.ui.getpass()

        self.add_password(realm, authuri, user, passwd)
        self._writedebug(user, passwd)
        return (user, passwd)

    def _writedebug(self, user, passwd):
        msg = _('http auth: user %s, password %s\n')
        self.ui.debug(msg % (user, passwd and '*' * len(passwd) or 'not set'))

class proxyhandler(urllib2.ProxyHandler):
    def __init__(self, ui):
        proxyurl = ui.config("http_proxy", "host") or os.getenv('http_proxy')
        # XXX proxyauthinfo = None

        if proxyurl:
            # proxy can be proper url or host[:port]
            if not (proxyurl.startswith('http:') or
                    proxyurl.startswith('https:')):
                proxyurl = 'http://' + proxyurl + '/'
            proxy = url(proxyurl)
            if not proxy.user:
                proxy.user = ui.config("http_proxy", "user")
                proxy.passwd = ui.config("http_proxy", "passwd")

            # see if we should use a proxy for this url
            no_list = ["localhost", "127.0.0.1"]
            no_list.extend([p.lower() for
                            p in ui.configlist("http_proxy", "no")])
            no_list.extend([p.strip().lower() for
                            p in os.getenv("no_proxy", '').split(',')
                            if p.strip()])
            # "http_proxy.always" config is for running tests on localhost
            if ui.configbool("http_proxy", "always"):
                self.no_list = []
            else:
                self.no_list = no_list

            proxyurl = str(proxy)
            proxies = {'http': proxyurl, 'https': proxyurl}
            ui.debug('proxying through http://%s:%s\n' %
                      (proxy.host, proxy.port))
        else:
            proxies = {}

        # urllib2 takes proxy values from the environment and those
        # will take precedence if found, so drop them
        for env in ["HTTP_PROXY", "http_proxy", "no_proxy"]:
            try:
                if env in os.environ:
                    del os.environ[env]
            except OSError:
                pass

        urllib2.ProxyHandler.__init__(self, proxies)
        self.ui = ui

    def proxy_open(self, req, proxy, type_):
        host = req.get_host().split(':')[0]
        if host in self.no_list:
            return None

        # work around a bug in Python < 2.4.2
        # (it leaves a "\n" at the end of Proxy-authorization headers)
        baseclass = req.__class__
        class _request(baseclass):
            def add_header(self, key, val):
                if key.lower() == 'proxy-authorization':
                    val = val.strip()
                return baseclass.add_header(self, key, val)
        req.__class__ = _request

        return urllib2.ProxyHandler.proxy_open(self, req, proxy, type_)

class httpsendfile(object):
    """This is a wrapper around the objects returned by python's "open".

    Its purpose is to send file-like objects via HTTP and, to do so, it
    defines a __len__ attribute to feed the Content-Length header.
    """

    def __init__(self, ui, *args, **kwargs):
        # We can't just "self._data = open(*args, **kwargs)" here because there
        # is an "open" function defined in this module that shadows the global
        # one
        self.ui = ui
        self._data = __builtin__.open(*args, **kwargs)
        self.seek = self._data.seek
        self.close = self._data.close
        self.write = self._data.write
        self._len = os.fstat(self._data.fileno()).st_size
        self._pos = 0
        self._total = len(self) / 1024 * 2

    def read(self, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            ret = self._data.read(*args, **kwargs)
        except EOFError:
            self.ui.progress(_('sending'), None)
        self._pos += len(ret)
        # We pass double the max for total because we currently have
        # to send the bundle twice in the case of a server that
        # requires authentication. Since we can't know until we try
        # once whether authentication will be required, just lie to
        # the user and maybe the push succeeds suddenly at 50%.
        self.ui.progress(_('sending'), self._pos / 1024,
                         unit=_('kb'), total=self._total)
        return ret

    def __len__(self):
        return self._len

def _gen_sendfile(orgsend):
    def _sendfile(self, data):
        # send a file
        if isinstance(data, httpsendfile):
            # if auth required, some data sent twice, so rewind here
            data.seek(0)
            for chunk in util.filechunkiter(data):
                orgsend(self, chunk)
        else:
            orgsend(self, data)
    return _sendfile

has_https = hasattr(urllib2, 'HTTPSHandler')
if has_https:
    try:
        # avoid using deprecated/broken FakeSocket in python 2.6
        import ssl
        _ssl_wrap_socket = ssl.wrap_socket
        CERT_REQUIRED = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
    except ImportError:
        CERT_REQUIRED = 2

        def _ssl_wrap_socket(sock, key_file, cert_file,
                             cert_reqs=CERT_REQUIRED, ca_certs=None):
            if ca_certs:
                raise util.Abort(_(
                    'certificate checking requires Python 2.6'))

            ssl = socket.ssl(sock, key_file, cert_file)
            return httplib.FakeSocket(sock, ssl)

    try:
        _create_connection = socket.create_connection
    except AttributeError:
        _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = object()

        def _create_connection(address, timeout=_GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
                               source_address=None):
            # lifted from Python 2.6

            msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list"
            host, port = address
            for res in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
                af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
                sock = None
                try:
                    sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
                    if timeout is not _GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT:
                        sock.settimeout(timeout)
                    if source_address:
                        sock.bind(source_address)
                    sock.connect(sa)
                    return sock

                except socket.error, msg:
                    if sock is not None:
                        sock.close()

            raise socket.error, msg

class httpconnection(keepalive.HTTPConnection):
    # must be able to send big bundle as stream.
    send = _gen_sendfile(keepalive.HTTPConnection.send)

    def connect(self):
        if has_https and self.realhostport: # use CONNECT proxy
            self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
            self.sock.connect((self.host, self.port))
            if _generic_proxytunnel(self):
                # we do not support client x509 certificates
                self.sock = _ssl_wrap_socket(self.sock, None, None)
        else:
            keepalive.HTTPConnection.connect(self)

    def getresponse(self):
        proxyres = getattr(self, 'proxyres', None)
        if proxyres:
            if proxyres.will_close:
                self.close()
            self.proxyres = None
            return proxyres
        return keepalive.HTTPConnection.getresponse(self)

# general transaction handler to support different ways to handle
# HTTPS proxying before and after Python 2.6.3.
def _generic_start_transaction(handler, h, req):
    if hasattr(req, '_tunnel_host') and req._tunnel_host:
        tunnel_host = req._tunnel_host
        if tunnel_host[:7] not in ['http://', 'https:/']:
            tunnel_host = 'https://' + tunnel_host
        new_tunnel = True
    else:
        tunnel_host = req.get_selector()
        new_tunnel = False

    if new_tunnel or tunnel_host == req.get_full_url(): # has proxy
        u = url(tunnel_host)
        if new_tunnel or u.scheme == 'https': # only use CONNECT for HTTPS
            h.realhostport = ':'.join([u.host, (u.port or '443')])
            h.headers = req.headers.copy()
            h.headers.update(handler.parent.addheaders)
            return

    h.realhostport = None
    h.headers = None

def _generic_proxytunnel(self):
    proxyheaders = dict(
            [(x, self.headers[x]) for x in self.headers
             if x.lower().startswith('proxy-')])
    self._set_hostport(self.host, self.port)
    self.send('CONNECT %s HTTP/1.0\r\n' % self.realhostport)
    for header in proxyheaders.iteritems():
        self.send('%s: %s\r\n' % header)
    self.send('\r\n')

    # majority of the following code is duplicated from
    # httplib.HTTPConnection as there are no adequate places to
    # override functions to provide the needed functionality
    res = self.response_class(self.sock,
                              strict=self.strict,
                              method=self._method)

    while True:
        version, status, reason = res._read_status()
        if status != httplib.CONTINUE:
            break
        while True:
            skip = res.fp.readline().strip()
            if not skip:
                break
    res.status = status
    res.reason = reason.strip()

    if res.status == 200:
        while True:
            line = res.fp.readline()
            if line == '\r\n':
                break
        return True

    if version == 'HTTP/1.0':
        res.version = 10
    elif version.startswith('HTTP/1.'):
        res.version = 11
    elif version == 'HTTP/0.9':
        res.version = 9
    else:
        raise httplib.UnknownProtocol(version)

    if res.version == 9:
        res.length = None
        res.chunked = 0
        res.will_close = 1
        res.msg = httplib.HTTPMessage(cStringIO.StringIO())
        return False

    res.msg = httplib.HTTPMessage(res.fp)
    res.msg.fp = None

    # are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
    trenc = res.msg.getheader('transfer-encoding')
    if trenc and trenc.lower() == "chunked":
        res.chunked = 1
        res.chunk_left = None
    else:
        res.chunked = 0

    # will the connection close at the end of the response?
    res.will_close = res._check_close()

    # do we have a Content-Length?
    # NOTE: RFC 2616, S4.4, #3 says we ignore this if tr_enc is "chunked"
    length = res.msg.getheader('content-length')
    if length and not res.chunked:
        try:
            res.length = int(length)
        except ValueError:
            res.length = None
        else:
            if res.length < 0:  # ignore nonsensical negative lengths
                res.length = None
    else:
        res.length = None

    # does the body have a fixed length? (of zero)
    if (status == httplib.NO_CONTENT or status == httplib.NOT_MODIFIED or
        100 <= status < 200 or # 1xx codes
        res._method == 'HEAD'):
        res.length = 0

    # if the connection remains open, and we aren't using chunked, and
    # a content-length was not provided, then assume that the connection
    # WILL close.
    if (not res.will_close and
       not res.chunked and
       res.length is None):
        res.will_close = 1

    self.proxyres = res

    return False

class httphandler(keepalive.HTTPHandler):
    def http_open(self, req):
        return self.do_open(httpconnection, req)

    def _start_transaction(self, h, req):
        _generic_start_transaction(self, h, req)
        return keepalive.HTTPHandler._start_transaction(self, h, req)

def _verifycert(cert, hostname):
    '''Verify that cert (in socket.getpeercert() format) matches hostname.
    CRLs is not handled.

    Returns error message if any problems are found and None on success.
    '''
    if not cert:
        return _('no certificate received')
    dnsname = hostname.lower()
    def matchdnsname(certname):
        return (certname == dnsname or
                '.' in dnsname and certname == '*.' + dnsname.split('.', 1)[1])

    san = cert.get('subjectAltName', [])
    if san:
        certnames = [value.lower() for key, value in san if key == 'DNS']
        for name in certnames:
            if matchdnsname(name):
                return None
        return _('certificate is for %s') % ', '.join(certnames)

    # subject is only checked when subjectAltName is empty
    for s in cert.get('subject', []):
        key, value = s[0]
        if key == 'commonName':
            try:
                # 'subject' entries are unicode
                certname = value.lower().encode('ascii')
            except UnicodeEncodeError:
                return _('IDN in certificate not supported')
            if matchdnsname(certname):
                return None
            return _('certificate is for %s') % certname
    return _('no commonName or subjectAltName found in certificate')

if has_https:
    class httpsconnection(httplib.HTTPSConnection):
        response_class = keepalive.HTTPResponse
        # must be able to send big bundle as stream.
        send = _gen_sendfile(keepalive.safesend)
        getresponse = keepalive.wrapgetresponse(httplib.HTTPSConnection)

        def connect(self):
            self.sock = _create_connection((self.host, self.port))

            host = self.host
            if self.realhostport: # use CONNECT proxy
                something = _generic_proxytunnel(self)
                host = self.realhostport.rsplit(':', 1)[0]

            cacerts = self.ui.config('web', 'cacerts')
            hostfingerprint = self.ui.config('hostfingerprints', host)

            if cacerts and not hostfingerprint:
                cacerts = util.expandpath(cacerts)
                if not os.path.exists(cacerts):
                    raise util.Abort(_('could not find '
                                       'web.cacerts: %s') % cacerts)
                self.sock = _ssl_wrap_socket(self.sock, self.key_file,
                    self.cert_file, cert_reqs=CERT_REQUIRED,
                    ca_certs=cacerts)
                msg = _verifycert(self.sock.getpeercert(), host)
                if msg:
                    raise util.Abort(_('%s certificate error: %s '
                                       '(use --insecure to connect '
                                       'insecurely)') % (host, msg))
                self.ui.debug('%s certificate successfully verified\n' % host)
            else:
                self.sock = _ssl_wrap_socket(self.sock, self.key_file,
                    self.cert_file)
                if hasattr(self.sock, 'getpeercert'):
                    peercert = self.sock.getpeercert(True)
                    peerfingerprint = util.sha1(peercert).hexdigest()
                    nicefingerprint = ":".join([peerfingerprint[x:x + 2]
                        for x in xrange(0, len(peerfingerprint), 2)])
                    if hostfingerprint:
                        if peerfingerprint.lower() != \
                                hostfingerprint.replace(':', '').lower():
                            raise util.Abort(_('invalid certificate for %s '
                                               'with fingerprint %s') %
                                             (host, nicefingerprint))
                        self.ui.debug('%s certificate matched fingerprint %s\n' %
                                      (host, nicefingerprint))
                    else:
                        self.ui.warn(_('warning: %s certificate '
                                       'with fingerprint %s not verified '
                                       '(check hostfingerprints or web.cacerts '
                                       'config setting)\n') %
                                     (host, nicefingerprint))
                else: # python 2.5 ?
                    if hostfingerprint:
                        raise util.Abort(_('no certificate for %s with '
                                           'configured hostfingerprint') % host)
                    self.ui.warn(_('warning: %s certificate not verified '
                                   '(check web.cacerts config setting)\n') %
                                 host)

    class httpshandler(keepalive.KeepAliveHandler, urllib2.HTTPSHandler):
        def __init__(self, ui):
            keepalive.KeepAliveHandler.__init__(self)
            urllib2.HTTPSHandler.__init__(self)
            self.ui = ui
            self.pwmgr = passwordmgr(self.ui)

        def _start_transaction(self, h, req):
            _generic_start_transaction(self, h, req)
            return keepalive.KeepAliveHandler._start_transaction(self, h, req)

        def https_open(self, req):
            res = readauthforuri(self.ui, req.get_full_url())
            if res:
                group, auth = res
                self.auth = auth
                self.ui.debug("using auth.%s.* for authentication\n" % group)
            else:
                self.auth = None
            return self.do_open(self._makeconnection, req)

        def _makeconnection(self, host, port=None, *args, **kwargs):
            keyfile = None
            certfile = None

            if len(args) >= 1: # key_file
                keyfile = args[0]
            if len(args) >= 2: # cert_file
                certfile = args[1]
            args = args[2:]

            # if the user has specified different key/cert files in
            # hgrc, we prefer these
            if self.auth and 'key' in self.auth and 'cert' in self.auth:
                keyfile = self.auth['key']
                certfile = self.auth['cert']

            conn = httpsconnection(host, port, keyfile, certfile, *args, **kwargs)
            conn.ui = self.ui
            return conn

class httpdigestauthhandler(urllib2.HTTPDigestAuthHandler):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        urllib2.HTTPDigestAuthHandler.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.retried_req = None

    def reset_retry_count(self):
        # Python 2.6.5 will call this on 401 or 407 errors and thus loop
        # forever. We disable reset_retry_count completely and reset in
        # http_error_auth_reqed instead.
        pass

    def http_error_auth_reqed(self, auth_header, host, req, headers):
        # Reset the retry counter once for each request.
        if req is not self.retried_req:
            self.retried_req = req
            self.retried = 0
        # In python < 2.5 AbstractDigestAuthHandler raises a ValueError if
        # it doesn't know about the auth type requested. This can happen if
        # somebody is using BasicAuth and types a bad password.
        try:
            return urllib2.HTTPDigestAuthHandler.http_error_auth_reqed(
                        self, auth_header, host, req, headers)
        except ValueError, inst:
            arg = inst.args[0]
            if arg.startswith("AbstractDigestAuthHandler doesn't know "):
                return
            raise

class httpbasicauthhandler(urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.retried_req = None

    def reset_retry_count(self):
        # Python 2.6.5 will call this on 401 or 407 errors and thus loop
        # forever. We disable reset_retry_count completely and reset in
        # http_error_auth_reqed instead.
        pass

    def http_error_auth_reqed(self, auth_header, host, req, headers):
        # Reset the retry counter once for each request.
        if req is not self.retried_req:
            self.retried_req = req
            self.retried = 0
        return urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler.http_error_auth_reqed(
                        self, auth_header, host, req, headers)

handlerfuncs = []

def opener(ui, authinfo=None):
    '''
    construct an opener suitable for urllib2
    authinfo will be added to the password manager
    '''
    handlers = [httphandler()]
    if has_https:
        handlers.append(httpshandler(ui))

    handlers.append(proxyhandler(ui))

    passmgr = passwordmgr(ui)
    if authinfo is not None:
        passmgr.add_password(*authinfo)
        user, passwd = authinfo[2:4]
        ui.debug('http auth: user %s, password %s\n' %
                 (user, passwd and '*' * len(passwd) or 'not set'))

    handlers.extend((httpbasicauthhandler(passmgr),
                     httpdigestauthhandler(passmgr)))
    handlers.extend([h(ui, passmgr) for h in handlerfuncs])
    opener = urllib2.build_opener(*handlers)

    # 1.0 here is the _protocol_ version
    opener.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'mercurial/proto-1.0')]
    opener.addheaders.append(('Accept', 'application/mercurial-0.1'))
    return opener

def open(ui, url_, data=None):
    u = url(url_)
    if u.scheme:
        u.scheme = u.scheme.lower()
        url_, authinfo = u.authinfo()
    else:
        path = util.normpath(os.path.abspath(url_))
        url_ = 'file://' + urllib.pathname2url(path)
        authinfo = None
    return opener(ui, authinfo).open(url_, data)