annotate rust/hg-core/src/dirstate/dirs_multiset.rs @ 48068:bf8837e3d7ce

dirstate: Remove the flat Rust DirstateMap implementation

Before this changeset we had two Rust implementations of `DirstateMap`.
This removes the "flat" DirstateMap so that the "tree" DirstateMap is always
used when Rust enabled. This simplifies the code a lot, and will enable
(in the next changeset) further removal of a trait abstraction.

This is a performance regression when:

* Rust is enabled, and
* The repository uses the legacy dirstate-v1 file format, and
* For `hg status`, unknown files are not listed (such as with `-mard`)

The regression is about 100 milliseconds for `hg status -mard` on a
semi-large repository (mozilla-central), from ~320ms to ~420ms.
We deem this to be small enough to be worth it.

The new dirstate-v2 is still experimental at this point, but we aim to
stabilize it (though not yet enable it by default for new repositories)
in Mercurial 6.0. Eventually, upgrating repositories to dirsate-v2 will
eliminate this regression (and enable other performance improvements).


# Background

The flat DirstateMap was introduced with the first Rust implementation of the
status algorithm. It works similarly to the previous Python + C one, with a
single `HashMap` that associates file paths to a `DirstateEntry` (where Python
has a dict).

We later added the tree DirstateMap where the root of the tree contains nodes
for files and directories that are directly at the root of the repository,
and nodes for directories can contain child nodes representing the files and
directly that *they* contain directly. The shape of this tree mirrors that of
the working directory in the filesystem. This enables the status algorithm to
traverse this tree in tandem with traversing the filesystem tree, which in
turns enables a more efficient algorithm.

Furthermore, the new dirstate-v2 file format is also based on a tree of the
same shape. The tree DirstateMap can access a dirstate-v2 file without parsing
it: binary data in a single large (possibly memory-mapped) bytes buffer is
traversed on demand. This allows `DirstateMap` creation to take `O(1)` time.
(Mutation works by creating new in-memory nodes with copy-on-write semantics,
and serialization is append-mostly.)

The tradeoff is that for "legacy" repositories that use the dirstate-v1 file
format, parsing that file into a tree DirstateMap takes more time. Profiling
shows that this time is dominated by `HashMap`. For a dirstate containing `F`
files with an average `D` directory depth, the flat DirstateMap does parsing
in `O(F)` number of HashMap operations but the tree DirstateMap in `O(F × D)`
operations, since each node has its own HashMap containing its child nodes.
This slower costs ~140ms on an old snapshot of mozilla-central, and ~80ms
on an old snapshot of the Netbeans repository.

The status algorithm is faster, but with `-mard` (when not listing unknown
files) it is typically not faster *enough* to compensate the slower parsing.

Both Rust implementations are always faster than the Python + C implementation


# Benchmark results

All benchmarks are run on changeset 98c0408324e6, with repositories that use
the dirstate-v1 file format, on a server with 4 CPU cores and 4 CPU threads
(no HyperThreading).

`hg status` benchmarks show wall clock times of the entire command as the
average and standard deviation of serveral runs, collected by
https://github.com/sharkdp/hyperfine and reformated.

Parsing benchmarks are wall clock time of the Rust function that converts a
bytes buffer of the dirstate file into the `DirstateMap` data structure as
used by the status algorithm. A single run each, collected by running
`hg status` this environment variable:

    RUST_LOG=hg::dirstate::dirstate_map=trace,hg::dirstate_tree::dirstate_map=trace


Benchmark 1: Rust flat DirstateMap → Rust tree DirstateMap

    hg status

    mozilla-clean    	562.3 ms ± 2.0 ms	→	462.5 ms ± 0.6 ms	 1.22 ± 0.00 times faster
    mozilla-dirty    	859.6 ms ± 2.2 ms	→	719.5 ms ± 3.2 ms	 1.19 ± 0.01 times faster
    mozilla-ignored  	558.2 ms ± 3.0 ms	→	457.9 ms ± 2.9 ms	 1.22 ± 0.01 times faster
    mozilla-unknowns 	859.4 ms ± 5.7 ms	→	716.0 ms ± 4.7 ms	 1.20 ± 0.01 times faster
    netbeans-clean   	336.5 ms ± 0.9 ms	→	339.5 ms ± 0.4 ms	 0.99 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-dirty   	491.4 ms ± 1.6 ms	→	475.1 ms ± 1.2 ms	 1.03 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-ignored 	343.7 ms ± 1.0 ms	→	347.8 ms ± 0.4 ms	 0.99 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-unknowns	484.3 ms ± 1.0 ms	→	466.0 ms ± 1.2 ms	 1.04 ± 0.00 times faster

    hg status -mard

    mozilla-clean    	317.3 ms ± 0.6 ms	→	422.5 ms ± 1.2 ms	 0.75 ± 0.00 times faster
    mozilla-dirty    	315.4 ms ± 0.6 ms	→	417.7 ms ± 1.1 ms	 0.76 ± 0.00 times faster
    mozilla-ignored  	314.6 ms ± 0.6 ms	→	417.4 ms ± 1.0 ms	 0.75 ± 0.00 times faster
    mozilla-unknowns 	312.9 ms ± 0.9 ms	→	417.3 ms ± 1.6 ms	 0.75 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-clean   	212.0 ms ± 0.6 ms	→	283.6 ms ± 0.8 ms	 0.75 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-dirty   	211.4 ms ± 1.0 ms	→	283.4 ms ± 1.6 ms	 0.75 ± 0.01 times faster
    netbeans-ignored 	211.4 ms ± 0.9 ms	→	283.9 ms ± 0.8 ms	 0.74 ± 0.01 times faster
    netbeans-unknowns	211.1 ms ± 0.6 ms	→	283.4 ms ± 1.0 ms	 0.74 ± 0.00 times faster

    Parsing

    mozilla-clean       38.4ms → 177.6ms
    mozilla-dirty       38.8ms → 177.0ms
    mozilla-ignored     38.8ms → 178.0ms
    mozilla-unknowns    38.7ms → 176.9ms
    netbeans-clean      16.5ms → 97.3ms
    netbeans-dirty      16.5ms → 98.4ms
    netbeans-ignored    16.9ms → 97.4ms
    netbeans-unknowns   16.9ms → 96.3ms


Benchmark 2: Python + C dirstatemap → Rust tree DirstateMap

    hg status

    mozilla-clean    	1261.0 ms ± 3.6 ms	→	461.1 ms ± 0.5 ms	 2.73 ± 0.00 times faster
    mozilla-dirty    	2293.4 ms ± 9.1 ms	→	719.6 ms ± 3.6 ms	 3.19 ± 0.01 times faster
    mozilla-ignored  	1240.4 ms ± 2.3 ms	→	457.7 ms ± 1.9 ms	 2.71 ± 0.00 times faster
    mozilla-unknowns 	2283.3 ms ± 9.0 ms	→	719.7 ms ± 3.8 ms	 3.17 ± 0.01 times faster
    netbeans-clean   	879.7 ms ± 3.5 ms	→	339.9 ms ± 0.5 ms	 2.59 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-dirty   	1257.3 ms ± 4.7 ms	→	474.6 ms ± 1.6 ms	 2.65 ± 0.01 times faster
    netbeans-ignored 	943.9 ms ± 1.9 ms	→	347.3 ms ± 1.1 ms	 2.72 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-unknowns	1188.1 ms ± 5.0 ms	→	465.2 ms ± 2.3 ms	 2.55 ± 0.01 times faster

    hg status -mard

    mozilla-clean    	903.2 ms ± 3.6 ms	→	423.4 ms ± 2.2 ms	 2.13 ± 0.01 times faster
    mozilla-dirty    	884.6 ms ± 4.5 ms	→	417.3 ms ± 1.4 ms	 2.12 ± 0.01 times faster
    mozilla-ignored  	881.9 ms ± 1.3 ms	→	417.3 ms ± 0.8 ms	 2.11 ± 0.00 times faster
    mozilla-unknowns 	878.5 ms ± 1.9 ms	→	416.4 ms ± 0.9 ms	 2.11 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-clean   	434.9 ms ± 1.8 ms	→	284.0 ms ± 0.8 ms	 1.53 ± 0.01 times faster
    netbeans-dirty   	434.1 ms ± 0.8 ms	→	283.1 ms ± 0.8 ms	 1.53 ± 0.00 times faster
    netbeans-ignored 	431.7 ms ± 1.1 ms	→	283.6 ms ± 1.8 ms	 1.52 ± 0.01 times faster
    netbeans-unknowns	433.0 ms ± 1.3 ms	→	283.5 ms ± 0.7 ms	 1.53 ± 0.00 times faster

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D11516

// dirs_multiset.rs
//
// Copyright 2019 Raphaël Gomès <[e-mail]>
//
// This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
// GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.

//! A multiset of directory names.
//!
//! Used to counts the references to directories in a manifest or dirstate.
use crate::dirstate_tree::on_disk::DirstateV2ParseError;
use crate::{
    dirstate::EntryState,
    utils::{
        files,
        hg_path::{HgPath, HgPathBuf, HgPathError},
    },
    DirstateEntry, DirstateError, DirstateMapError, FastHashMap,
};
use std::collections::{hash_map, hash_map::Entry, HashMap, HashSet};

// could be encapsulated if we care API stability more seriously
pub type DirsMultisetIter<'a> = hash_map::Keys<'a, HgPathBuf, u32>;

#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
pub struct DirsMultiset {
    inner: FastHashMap<HgPathBuf, u32>,
}

impl DirsMultiset {
    /// Initializes the multiset from a dirstate.
    ///
    /// If `skip_state` is provided, skips dirstate entries with equal state.
    pub fn from_dirstate<I, P>(
        dirstate: I,
        only_tracked: bool,
    ) -> Result<Self, DirstateError>
    where
        I: IntoIterator<
            Item = Result<(P, DirstateEntry), DirstateV2ParseError>,
        >,
        P: AsRef<HgPath>,
    {
        let mut multiset = DirsMultiset {
            inner: FastHashMap::default(),
        };
        for item in dirstate {
            let (filename, entry) = item?;
            let filename = filename.as_ref();
            // This `if` is optimized out of the loop
            if only_tracked {
                if entry.state() != EntryState::Removed {
                    multiset.add_path(filename)?;
                }
            } else {
                multiset.add_path(filename)?;
            }
        }

        Ok(multiset)
    }

    /// Initializes the multiset from a manifest.
    pub fn from_manifest(
        manifest: &[impl AsRef<HgPath>],
    ) -> Result<Self, DirstateMapError> {
        let mut multiset = DirsMultiset {
            inner: FastHashMap::default(),
        };

        for filename in manifest {
            multiset.add_path(filename.as_ref())?;
        }

        Ok(multiset)
    }

    /// Increases the count of deepest directory contained in the path.
    ///
    /// If the directory is not yet in the map, adds its parents.
    pub fn add_path(
        &mut self,
        path: impl AsRef<HgPath>,
    ) -> Result<(), DirstateMapError> {
        for subpath in files::find_dirs(path.as_ref()) {
            if subpath.as_bytes().last() == Some(&b'/') {
                // TODO Remove this once PathAuditor is certified
                // as the only entrypoint for path data
                let second_slash_index = subpath.len() - 1;

                return Err(DirstateMapError::InvalidPath(
                    HgPathError::ConsecutiveSlashes {
                        bytes: path.as_ref().as_bytes().to_owned(),
                        second_slash_index,
                    },
                ));
            }
            if let Some(val) = self.inner.get_mut(subpath) {
                *val += 1;
                break;
            }
            self.inner.insert(subpath.to_owned(), 1);
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Decreases the count of deepest directory contained in the path.
    ///
    /// If it is the only reference, decreases all parents until one is
    /// removed.
    /// If the directory is not in the map, something horrible has happened.
    pub fn delete_path(
        &mut self,
        path: impl AsRef<HgPath>,
    ) -> Result<(), DirstateMapError> {
        for subpath in files::find_dirs(path.as_ref()) {
            match self.inner.entry(subpath.to_owned()) {
                Entry::Occupied(mut entry) => {
                    let val = *entry.get();
                    if val > 1 {
                        entry.insert(val - 1);
                        break;
                    }
                    entry.remove();
                }
                Entry::Vacant(_) => {
                    return Err(DirstateMapError::PathNotFound(
                        path.as_ref().to_owned(),
                    ))
                }
            };
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn contains(&self, key: impl AsRef<HgPath>) -> bool {
        self.inner.contains_key(key.as_ref())
    }

    pub fn iter(&self) -> DirsMultisetIter {
        self.inner.keys()
    }

    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.inner.len()
    }

    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
        self.len() == 0
    }
}

/// This is basically a reimplementation of `DirsMultiset` that stores the
/// children instead of just a count of them, plus a small optional
/// optimization to avoid some directories we don't need.
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
pub struct DirsChildrenMultiset<'a> {
    inner: FastHashMap<&'a HgPath, HashSet<&'a HgPath>>,
    only_include: Option<HashSet<&'a HgPath>>,
}

impl<'a> DirsChildrenMultiset<'a> {
    pub fn new(
        paths: impl Iterator<Item = &'a HgPathBuf>,
        only_include: Option<&'a HashSet<impl AsRef<HgPath> + 'a>>,
    ) -> Self {
        let mut new = Self {
            inner: HashMap::default(),
            only_include: only_include
                .map(|s| s.iter().map(AsRef::as_ref).collect()),
        };

        for path in paths {
            new.add_path(path)
        }

        new
    }
    fn add_path(&mut self, path: &'a (impl AsRef<HgPath> + 'a)) {
        if path.as_ref().is_empty() {
            return;
        }
        for (directory, basename) in files::find_dirs_with_base(path.as_ref())
        {
            if !self.is_dir_included(directory) {
                continue;
            }
            self.inner
                .entry(directory)
                .and_modify(|e| {
                    e.insert(basename);
                })
                .or_insert_with(|| {
                    let mut set = HashSet::new();
                    set.insert(basename);
                    set
                });
        }
    }
    fn is_dir_included(&self, dir: impl AsRef<HgPath>) -> bool {
        match &self.only_include {
            None => false,
            Some(i) => i.contains(dir.as_ref()),
        }
    }

    pub fn get(
        &self,
        path: impl AsRef<HgPath>,
    ) -> Option<&HashSet<&'a HgPath>> {
        self.inner.get(path.as_ref())
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_delete_path_path_not_found() {
        let manifest: Vec<HgPathBuf> = vec![];
        let mut map = DirsMultiset::from_manifest(&manifest).unwrap();
        let path = HgPathBuf::from_bytes(b"doesnotexist/");
        assert_eq!(
            Err(DirstateMapError::PathNotFound(path.to_owned())),
            map.delete_path(&path)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_delete_path_empty_path() {
        let mut map =
            DirsMultiset::from_manifest(&vec![HgPathBuf::new()]).unwrap();
        let path = HgPath::new(b"");
        assert_eq!(Ok(()), map.delete_path(path));
        assert_eq!(
            Err(DirstateMapError::PathNotFound(path.to_owned())),
            map.delete_path(path)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_delete_path_successful() {
        let mut map = DirsMultiset {
            inner: [("", 5), ("a", 3), ("a/b", 2), ("a/c", 1)]
                .iter()
                .map(|(k, v)| (HgPathBuf::from_bytes(k.as_bytes()), *v))
                .collect(),
        };

        assert_eq!(Ok(()), map.delete_path(HgPath::new(b"a/b/")));
        eprintln!("{:?}", map);
        assert_eq!(Ok(()), map.delete_path(HgPath::new(b"a/b/")));
        eprintln!("{:?}", map);
        assert_eq!(
            Err(DirstateMapError::PathNotFound(HgPathBuf::from_bytes(
                b"a/b/"
            ))),
            map.delete_path(HgPath::new(b"a/b/"))
        );

        assert_eq!(2, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a")).unwrap());
        assert_eq!(1, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a/c")).unwrap());
        eprintln!("{:?}", map);
        assert_eq!(Ok(()), map.delete_path(HgPath::new(b"a/")));
        eprintln!("{:?}", map);

        assert_eq!(Ok(()), map.delete_path(HgPath::new(b"a/c/")));
        assert_eq!(
            Err(DirstateMapError::PathNotFound(HgPathBuf::from_bytes(
                b"a/c/"
            ))),
            map.delete_path(HgPath::new(b"a/c/"))
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_add_path_empty_path() {
        let manifest: Vec<HgPathBuf> = vec![];
        let mut map = DirsMultiset::from_manifest(&manifest).unwrap();
        let path = HgPath::new(b"");
        map.add_path(path).unwrap();

        assert_eq!(1, map.len());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_add_path_successful() {
        let manifest: Vec<HgPathBuf> = vec![];
        let mut map = DirsMultiset::from_manifest(&manifest).unwrap();

        map.add_path(HgPath::new(b"a/")).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(1, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a")).unwrap());
        assert_eq!(1, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"")).unwrap());
        assert_eq!(2, map.len());

        // Non directory should be ignored
        map.add_path(HgPath::new(b"a")).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(1, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a")).unwrap());
        assert_eq!(2, map.len());

        // Non directory will still add its base
        map.add_path(HgPath::new(b"a/b")).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(2, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a")).unwrap());
        assert_eq!(2, map.len());

        // Duplicate path works
        map.add_path(HgPath::new(b"a/")).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(3, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a")).unwrap());

        // Nested dir adds to its base
        map.add_path(HgPath::new(b"a/b/")).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(4, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a")).unwrap());
        assert_eq!(1, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a/b")).unwrap());

        // but not its base's base, because it already existed
        map.add_path(HgPath::new(b"a/b/c/")).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(4, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a")).unwrap());
        assert_eq!(2, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a/b")).unwrap());

        map.add_path(HgPath::new(b"a/c/")).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(1, *map.inner.get(HgPath::new(b"a/c")).unwrap());

        let expected = DirsMultiset {
            inner: [("", 2), ("a", 5), ("a/b", 2), ("a/b/c", 1), ("a/c", 1)]
                .iter()
                .map(|(k, v)| (HgPathBuf::from_bytes(k.as_bytes()), *v))
                .collect(),
        };
        assert_eq!(map, expected);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_dirsmultiset_new_empty() {
        let manifest: Vec<HgPathBuf> = vec![];
        let new = DirsMultiset::from_manifest(&manifest).unwrap();
        let expected = DirsMultiset {
            inner: FastHashMap::default(),
        };
        assert_eq!(expected, new);

        let new = DirsMultiset::from_dirstate::<_, HgPathBuf>(
            std::iter::empty(),
            false,
        )
        .unwrap();
        let expected = DirsMultiset {
            inner: FastHashMap::default(),
        };
        assert_eq!(expected, new);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_dirsmultiset_new_no_skip() {
        let input_vec: Vec<HgPathBuf> = ["a/", "b/", "a/c", "a/d/"]
            .iter()
            .map(|e| HgPathBuf::from_bytes(e.as_bytes()))
            .collect();
        let expected_inner = [("", 2), ("a", 3), ("b", 1), ("a/d", 1)]
            .iter()
            .map(|(k, v)| (HgPathBuf::from_bytes(k.as_bytes()), *v))
            .collect();

        let new = DirsMultiset::from_manifest(&input_vec).unwrap();
        let expected = DirsMultiset {
            inner: expected_inner,
        };
        assert_eq!(expected, new);

        let input_map = ["b/x", "a/c", "a/d/x"].iter().map(|f| {
            Ok((
                HgPathBuf::from_bytes(f.as_bytes()),
                DirstateEntry::from_v1_data(EntryState::Normal, 0, 0, 0),
            ))
        });
        let expected_inner = [("", 2), ("a", 2), ("b", 1), ("a/d", 1)]
            .iter()
            .map(|(k, v)| (HgPathBuf::from_bytes(k.as_bytes()), *v))
            .collect();

        let new = DirsMultiset::from_dirstate(input_map, false).unwrap();
        let expected = DirsMultiset {
            inner: expected_inner,
        };
        assert_eq!(expected, new);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_dirsmultiset_new_skip() {
        let input_map = [
            ("a/", EntryState::Normal),
            ("a/b", EntryState::Normal),
            ("a/c", EntryState::Removed),
            ("a/d", EntryState::Merged),
        ]
        .iter()
        .map(|(f, state)| {
            Ok((
                HgPathBuf::from_bytes(f.as_bytes()),
                DirstateEntry::from_v1_data(*state, 0, 0, 0),
            ))
        });

        // "a" incremented with "a/c" and "a/d/"
        let expected_inner = [("", 1), ("a", 3)]
            .iter()
            .map(|(k, v)| (HgPathBuf::from_bytes(k.as_bytes()), *v))
            .collect();

        let new = DirsMultiset::from_dirstate(input_map, true).unwrap();
        let expected = DirsMultiset {
            inner: expected_inner,
        };
        assert_eq!(expected, new);
    }
}