Mercurial > hg
annotate doc/hg.1.txt @ 734:d4e161d60f61
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author | Bryan O'Sullivan <bos@serpentine.com> |
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date | Wed, 20 Jul 2005 03:24:54 -0800 |
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177 | 1 HG(1) |
2 ===== | |
3 Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> | |
4 | |
5 NAME | |
6 ---- | |
438 | 7 hg - Mercurial source code management system |
177 | 8 |
9 SYNOPSIS | |
10 -------- | |
11 'hg' [-v -d -q -y] <command> [command options] [files] | |
12 | |
13 DESCRIPTION | |
14 ----------- | |
15 The hg(1) command provides a command line interface to the Mercurial system. | |
16 | |
17 OPTIONS | |
18 ------- | |
438 | 19 |
177 | 20 --debug, -d:: |
21 enable debugging output | |
22 | |
23 --quiet, -q:: | |
24 suppress output | |
25 | |
26 --verbose, -v:: | |
27 enable additional output | |
28 | |
29 --noninteractive, -y:: | |
30 do not prompt, assume 'yes' for any required answers | |
31 | |
32 COMMAND ELEMENTS | |
33 ---------------- | |
34 | |
35 files ...:: | |
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36 indicates one or more filename or relative path filenames; see |
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37 "FILE NAME PATTERNS" for information on pattern matching |
177 | 38 |
39 path:: | |
40 indicates a path on the local machine | |
41 | |
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42 revision:: |
438 | 43 indicates a changeset which can be specified as a changeset revision |
44 number, a tag, or a unique substring of the changeset hash value | |
177 | 45 |
46 repository path:: | |
498 | 47 either the pathname of a local repository or the URI of a remote |
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48 repository. There are two available URI protocols, http:// which is |
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49 fast and the old-http:// protocol which is much slower but does not |
438 | 50 require a special server on the web host. |
177 | 51 |
52 COMMANDS | |
53 -------- | |
438 | 54 |
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55 add [options] [files ...]:: |
497 | 56 Schedule files to be version controlled and added to the repository. |
57 | |
498 | 58 The files will be added to the repository at the next commit. |
177 | 59 |
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60 If no names are given, add all files in the current directory and |
728 | 61 its subdirectories. |
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62 |
177 | 63 addremove:: |
497 | 64 Add all new files and remove all missing files from the repository. |
65 | |
66 New files are ignored if they match any of the patterns in .hgignore. As | |
498 | 67 with add, these changes take effect at the next commit. |
177 | 68 |
438 | 69 annotate [-r <rev> -u -n -c] [files ...]:: |
497 | 70 List changes in files, showing the revision id responsible for each line |
71 | |
72 This command is useful to discover who did a change or when a change took | |
73 place. | |
74 | |
438 | 75 options: |
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76 -I, --include <pat> include directories matching the given patterns |
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77 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude directories matching the given patterns |
438 | 78 -r, --revision <rev> annotate the specified revision |
79 -u, --user list the author | |
80 -c, --changeset list the changeset | |
81 -n, --number list the revision number (default) | |
177 | 82 |
438 | 83 cat <file> [revision]:: |
497 | 84 Output to stdout the given revision for the specified file. |
85 | |
498 | 86 If no revision is given then the tip is used. |
177 | 87 |
485 | 88 clone [-U] <source> [dest]:: |
497 | 89 Create a copy of an existing repository in a new directory. |
90 | |
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91 If no destination directory name is specified, it defaults to the |
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92 basename of the source. |
497 | 93 |
498 | 94 The source is added to the new repository's .hg/hgrc file to be used in |
497 | 95 future pulls. |
96 | |
498 | 97 For efficiency, hardlinks are used for cloning whenever the |
98 source and destination are on the same filesystem. | |
497 | 99 |
100 options: | |
505 | 101 -U, --noupdate do not update the new working directory |
497 | 102 |
103 commit [-A -t -l <file> -t <text> -u <user> -d <datecode>] [files...]:: | |
498 | 104 Commit changes to the given files into the repository. |
497 | 105 |
498 | 106 If a list of files is omitted, all changes reported by "hg status" |
107 will be commited. | |
497 | 108 |
498 | 109 The HGEDITOR or EDITOR environment variables are used to start an |
110 editor to add a commit comment. | |
497 | 111 |
112 Options: | |
113 | |
114 -A, --addremove run addremove during commit | |
115 -t, --text <text> use <text> as commit message | |
116 -l, --logfile <file> show the commit message for the given file | |
117 -d, --date <datecode> record datecode as commit date | |
118 -u, --user <user> record user as commiter | |
119 | |
120 aliases: ci | |
121 | |
122 copy <source> <dest>:: | |
123 Mark <dest> file as a copy or rename of a <source> one | |
124 | |
125 This command takes effect for the next commit. | |
126 | |
127 diff [-r revision] [-r revision] [files ...]:: | |
128 Show differences between revisions for the specified files. | |
129 | |
130 Differences between files are shown using the unified diff format. | |
131 | |
498 | 132 When two revision arguments are given, then changes are shown |
133 between those revisions. If only one revision is specified then | |
134 that revision is compared to the working directory, and, when no | |
135 revisions are specified, the working directory files are compared | |
136 to its parent. | |
497 | 137 |
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138 options: |
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139 -I, --include <pat> include directories matching the given patterns |
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140 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude directories matching the given patterns |
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141 |
580 | 142 export [-o filespec] [revision] ...:: |
143 Print the changeset header and diffs for one or more revisions. | |
144 | |
145 The information shown in the changeset header is: author, | |
146 changeset hash, parent and commit comment. | |
147 | |
148 Output may be to a file, in which case the name of the file is | |
149 given using a format string. The formatting rules are as follows: | |
497 | 150 |
580 | 151 %% literal "%" character |
152 %H changeset hash (40 bytes of hexadecimal) | |
153 %N number of patches being generated | |
154 %R changeset revision number | |
155 %b basename of the exporting repository | |
156 %h short-form changeset hash (12 bytes of hexadecimal) | |
157 %n zero-padded sequence number, starting at 1 | |
158 %r zero-padded changeset revision number | |
159 | |
160 Options: | |
161 | |
162 -o, --output <filespec> print output to file with formatted named | |
497 | 163 |
164 forget [files]:: | |
165 Undo an 'hg add' scheduled for the next commit. | |
166 | |
167 heads:: | |
168 Show all repository head changesets. | |
169 | |
498 | 170 Repository "heads" are changesets that don't have children |
171 changesets. They are where development generally takes place and | |
172 are the usual targets for update and merge operations. | |
497 | 173 |
174 identify:: | |
175 Print a short summary of the current state of the repo. | |
176 | |
177 This summary identifies the repository state using one or two parent | |
178 hash identifiers, followed by a "+" if there are uncommitted changes | |
179 in the working directory, followed by a list of tags for this revision. | |
180 | |
181 aliases: id | |
182 | |
183 import [-p <n> -b <base> -q] <patches>:: | |
184 Import a list of patches and commit them individually. | |
185 | |
186 options: | |
187 -p, --strip <n> directory strip option for patch. This has the same | |
188 meaning as the correnponding patch option | |
189 -b <path> base directory to read patches from | |
190 | |
191 aliases: patch | |
192 | |
496 | 193 init:: |
194 Initialize a new repository in the current directory. | |
177 | 195 |
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196 locate [options] [files]:: |
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197 Print all files under Mercurial control whose names match the |
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198 given patterns. |
627 | 199 |
200 This command searches the current directory and its | |
201 subdirectories. To search an entire repository, move to the root | |
202 of the repository. | |
203 | |
204 If no patterns are given to match, this command prints all file | |
205 names. | |
206 | |
207 If you want to feed the output of this command into the "xargs" | |
208 command, use the "-0" option to both this command and "xargs". | |
209 This will avoid the problem of "xargs" treating single filenames | |
210 that contain white space as multiple file names. | |
211 | |
212 options: | |
213 | |
214 -0, --print0 end filenames with NUL, for use with xargs | |
215 -f, --fullpath print complete paths from the filesystem root | |
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216 -I, --include <pat> include directories matching the given patterns |
627 | 217 -r, --rev <rev> search the repository as it stood at rev |
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218 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude directories matching the given patterns |
627 | 219 |
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220 log [-r revision ...] [-p] [file]:: |
509 | 221 Print the revision history of the specified file or the entire project. |
177 | 222 |
509 | 223 By default this command outputs: changeset id and hash, tags, |
224 parents, user, date and time, and a summary for each commit. The | |
225 -v switch adds some more detail, such as changed files, manifest | |
226 hashes or message signatures. | |
227 | |
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228 options: |
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229 -r, --rev <A>, ... When a revision argument is given, only this file or |
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230 changelog revision is displayed. With two revision |
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231 arguments all revisions in this range are listed. |
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232 Additional revision arguments may be given repeating |
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233 the above cycle. |
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234 -p, --patch show patch |
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235 |
509 | 236 aliases: history |
497 | 237 |
438 | 238 manifest [revision]:: |
497 | 239 Print a list of version controlled files for the given revision. |
240 | |
241 The manifest is the list of files being version controlled. If no revision | |
242 is given then the tip is used. | |
438 | 243 |
244 parents:: | |
245 Print the working directory's parent revisions. | |
246 | |
247 pull <repository path>:: | |
498 | 248 Pull changes from a remote repository to a local one. |
497 | 249 |
498 | 250 This finds all changes from the repository at the specified path |
251 or URL and adds them to the local repository. By default, this | |
252 does not update the copy of the project in the working directory. | |
438 | 253 |
254 options: | |
255 -u, --update update the working directory to tip after pull | |
256 | |
257 push <destination>:: | |
497 | 258 Push changes from the local repository to the given destination. |
259 | |
498 | 260 This is the symmetrical operation for pull. It helps to move |
261 changes from the current repository to a different one. If the | |
262 destination is local this is identical to a pull in that directory | |
263 from the current one. | |
438 | 264 |
265 The other currently available push method is SSH. This requires an | |
266 accessible shell account on the destination machine and a copy of | |
267 hg in the remote path. Destinations are specified in the following | |
268 form: | |
269 | |
270 ssh://[user@]host[:port]/path | |
271 | |
272 rawcommit [-p -d -u -F -t -l]:: | |
497 | 273 Lowlevel commit, for use in helper scripts. |
274 | |
275 This command is not intended to be used by normal users, as it is | |
276 primarily useful for importing from other SCMs. | |
177 | 277 |
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278 recover:: |
497 | 279 Recover from an interrupted commit or pull. |
280 | |
281 This command tries to fix the repository status after an interrupted | |
282 operation. It should only be necessary when Mercurial suggests it. | |
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283 |
177 | 284 remove [files ...]:: |
497 | 285 Schedule the indicated files for removal from the repository. |
286 | |
498 | 287 This command shedules the files to be removed at the next commit. |
288 This only removes files from the current branch, not from the | |
289 entire project history. | |
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290 |
438 | 291 aliases: rm |
177 | 292 |
588 | 293 revert [names ...]:: |
294 Revert any uncommitted modifications made to the named files or | |
295 directories. This restores the contents of the affected files to | |
296 an unmodified state. | |
297 | |
298 If a file has been deleted, it is recreated. If the executable | |
299 mode of a file was changed, it is reset. | |
300 | |
301 If a directory is given, all files in that directory and its | |
302 subdirectories are reverted. | |
303 | |
304 If no arguments are given, all files in the current directory and | |
305 its subdirectories are reverted. | |
306 | |
307 options: | |
308 -r, --rev <rev> revision to revert to | |
309 -n, --nonrecursive do not recurse into subdirectories | |
310 | |
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311 root:: |
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312 Print the root directory of the current repository. |
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313 |
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314 serve [options]:: |
438 | 315 Start a local HTTP repository browser and pull server. |
316 | |
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317 By default, the server logs accesses to stdout and errors to |
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318 stderr. Use the "-A" and "-E" options to log to files. |
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319 |
438 | 320 options: |
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321 -A, --accesslog <file> name of access log file to write to |
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322 -E, --errorlog <file> name of error log file to write to |
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323 -a, --address <addr> address to use |
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324 -p, --port <n> port to use (default: 8000) |
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325 -n, --name <name> name to show in web pages (default: working dir) |
438 | 326 -t, --templatedir <path> web templates to use |
177 | 327 |
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328 status [options] [files]:: |
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329 Show changed files in the working directory. If no names are |
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330 given, all files are shown. Otherwise, only files matching the |
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331 given names are shown. |
438 | 332 |
497 | 333 The codes used to show the status of files are: |
334 | |
438 | 335 C = changed |
336 A = added | |
337 R = removed | |
338 ? = not tracked | |
339 | |
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340 options: |
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341 |
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342 -I, --include <pat> include directories matching the given patterns |
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343 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude directories matching the given patterns |
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344 |
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345 tag [-l -t <text> -d <datecode> -u <user>] <name> [revision]:: |
497 | 346 Name a particular revision using <name>. |
347 | |
348 Tags are used to name particular revisions of the repository and are | |
349 very useful to compare different revision, to go back to significant | |
498 | 350 earlier versions or to mark branch points as releases, etc. |
497 | 351 |
498 | 352 If no revision is given, the tip is used. |
438 | 353 |
498 | 354 To facilitate version control, distribution, and merging of tags, |
355 they are stored as a file named ".hgtags" which is managed | |
356 similarly to other project files and can be hand-edited if | |
357 necessary. | |
358 | |
438 | 359 options: |
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360 -l, --local make the tag local |
438 | 361 -t, --text <text> message for tag commit log entry |
362 -d, --date <datecode> datecode for commit | |
363 -u, --user <user> user for commit | |
177 | 364 |
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365 Note: Local tags are not version-controlled or distributed and are |
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366 stored in the .hg/localtags file. If there exists a local tag and |
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367 a public tag with the same name, local tag is used. |
498 | 368 |
177 | 369 tags:: |
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370 List the repository tags. |
438 | 371 |
498 | 372 This lists both regular and local tags. |
497 | 373 |
438 | 374 tip:: |
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375 Show the tip revision. |
177 | 376 |
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377 undo:: |
438 | 378 Undo the last commit or pull transaction. |
379 | |
595 | 380 Roll back the last pull or commit transaction on the |
381 repository, restoring the project to its earlier state. | |
382 | |
383 This command should be used with care. There is only one level of | |
384 undo and there is no redo. | |
385 | |
386 This command is not intended for use on public repositories. Once | |
387 a change is visible for pull by other users, undoing it locally is | |
388 ineffective. | |
389 | |
438 | 390 update [-m -C] [revision]:: |
498 | 391 Update the working directory to the specified revision. |
438 | 392 |
498 | 393 By default, update will refuse to run if doing so would require |
394 merging or discarding local changes. | |
395 | |
396 With the -m option, a merge will be performed. | |
397 | |
398 With the -C option, local changes will be lost. | |
497 | 399 |
438 | 400 options: |
401 -m, --merge allow merging of branches | |
402 -C, --clean overwrite locally modified files | |
403 | |
404 aliases: up checkout co | |
405 | |
406 verify:: | |
407 Verify the integrity of the current repository. | |
408 | |
409 This will perform an extensive check of the repository's | |
410 integrity, validating the hashes and checksums of each entry in | |
411 the changelog, manifest, and tracked files, as well as the | |
412 integrity of their crosslinks and indices. | |
413 | |
724
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414 FILE NAME PATTERNS |
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415 ------------------ |
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416 |
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417 Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying one or more |
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418 file at a time. |
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419 |
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420 By default, Mercurial treats file names as shell-style extended |
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421 glob patterns. |
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422 |
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423 Alternate pattern notations must be specified explicitly. |
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424 |
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425 To use a plain path name without any pattern matching, start a |
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426 name with "path:". These path names must match completely, from |
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427 the root of the current repository. |
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428 |
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429 To use an extended glob, start a name with "glob:". Globs are |
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430 rooted at the current directory; a glob such as "*.c" will match |
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431 files ending in ".c" in the current directory only. |
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432 |
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433 The supported glob syntax extensions are "**" to match any string |
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434 across path separators, and "{a,b}" to mean "a or b". |
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435 |
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436 To use a Perl/Python regular expression, start a name with "re:". |
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437 Regexp pattern matching is anchored at the root of the repository. |
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438 |
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439 Plain examples: |
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440 |
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441 path:foo/bar a name bar in a directory named foo in the root of |
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442 the repository |
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443 path:path:name a file or directory named "path:name" |
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444 |
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445 Glob examples: |
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446 |
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447 glob:*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory |
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448 *.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory |
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449 **.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory, or |
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450 any subdirectory |
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451 foo/*.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo |
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452 foo/**.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo, or any |
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453 subdirectory |
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454 |
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455 Regexp examples: |
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456 |
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457 re:.*\.c$ any name ending in ".c", anywhere in the repsitory |
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458 |
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459 |
580 | 460 SPECIFYING SINGLE REVISIONS |
461 --------------------------- | |
462 | |
463 Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying individual | |
464 revisions. | |
465 | |
466 A plain integer is treated as a revision number. Negative | |
467 integers are treated as offsets from the tip, with -1 denoting the | |
468 tip. | |
469 | |
470 A 40-digit hexadecimal string is treated as a unique revision | |
471 identifier. | |
472 | |
473 A hexadecimal string less than 40 characters long is treated as a | |
474 unique revision identifier, and referred to as a short-form | |
475 identifier. A short-form identifier is only valid if it is the | |
476 prefix of one full-length identifier. | |
477 | |
478 Any other string is treated as a tag name, which is a symbolic | |
479 name associated with a revision identifier. Tag names may not | |
480 contain the ":" character. | |
481 | |
482 The reserved name "tip" is a special tag that always identifies | |
483 the most recent revision. | |
484 | |
485 SPECIFYING MULTIPLE REVISIONS | |
486 ----------------------------- | |
487 | |
488 When Mercurial accepts more than one revision, they may be | |
489 specified individually, or provided as a continuous range, | |
490 separated by the ":" character. | |
491 | |
492 The syntax of range notation is [BEGIN]:[END], where BEGIN and END | |
493 are revision identifiers. Both BEGIN and END are optional. If | |
494 BEGIN is not specified, it defaults to revision number 0. If END | |
495 is not specified, it defaults to the tip. The range ":" thus | |
496 means "all revisions". | |
497 | |
498 If BEGIN is greater than END, revisions are treated in reverse | |
499 order. | |
500 | |
501 A range acts as an open interval. This means that a range of 3:5 | |
502 gives 3, 4 and 5. Similarly, a range of 4:2 gives 4, 3, and 2. | |
196
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503 |
177 | 504 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES |
505 --------------------- | |
438 | 506 |
478
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507 HGEDITOR:: |
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508 This is the name of the editor to use when committing. Defaults to the |
608
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509 value of EDITOR. |
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510 |
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511 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
478
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512 |
177 | 513 HGMERGE:: |
498 | 514 An executable to use for resolving merge conflicts. The program |
438 | 515 will be executed with three arguments: local file, remote file, |
516 ancestor file. | |
517 | |
518 The default program is "hgmerge", which is a shell script provided | |
519 by Mercurial with some sensible defaults. | |
177 | 520 |
608
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521 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
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522 |
177 | 523 HGUSER:: |
438 | 524 This is the string used for the author of a commit. |
177 | 525 |
608
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526 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
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527 |
177 | 528 EMAIL:: |
438 | 529 If HGUSER is not set, this will be used as the author for a commit. |
177 | 530 |
531 LOGNAME:: | |
478
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532 If neither HGUSER nor EMAIL is set, LOGNAME will be used (with |
438 | 533 '@hostname' appended) as the author value for a commit. |
177 | 534 |
535 EDITOR:: | |
478
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536 This is the name of the editor used in the hgmerge script. It will be |
498 | 537 used for commit messages if HGEDITOR isn't set. Defaults to 'vi'. |
438 | 538 |
539 PYTHONPATH:: | |
540 This is used by Python to find imported modules and may need to be set | |
541 appropriately if Mercurial is not installed system-wide. | |
177 | 542 |
543 FILES | |
544 ----- | |
545 .hgignore:: | |
438 | 546 This file contains regular expressions (one per line) that describe file |
478
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547 names that should be ignored by hg. |
177 | 548 |
549 .hgtags:: | |
438 | 550 This file contains changeset hash values and text tag names (one of each |
177 | 551 seperated by spaces) that correspond to tagged versions of the repository |
552 contents. | |
553 | |
438 | 554 $HOME/.hgrc, .hg/hgrc:: |
555 This file contains defaults and configuration. Values in .hg/hgrc | |
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556 override those in .hgrc. See hgrc(5) for details of the contents |
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557 and format of these files. |
321 | 558 |
177 | 559 BUGS |
560 ---- | |
561 Probably lots, please post them to the mailing list (See Resources below) | |
562 when you find them. | |
563 | |
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564 SEE ALSO |
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565 -------- |
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566 hgrc(5) |
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567 |
177 | 568 AUTHOR |
569 ------ | |
570 Written by Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> | |
571 | |
572 RESOURCES | |
573 --------- | |
574 http://selenic.com/mercurial[Main Web Site] | |
575 | |
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576 http://www.serpentine.com/mercurial[Wiki site] |
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577 |
177 | 578 http://selenic.com/hg[Source code repository] |
579 | |
580 http://selenic.com/mailman/listinfo/mercurial[Mailing list] | |
581 | |
582 COPYING | |
583 ------- | |
584 Copyright (C) 2005 Matt Mackall. | |
585 Free use of this software is granted under the terms of the GNU General | |
586 Public License (GPL). |