Mercurial > hg
annotate doc/hg.1.txt @ 907:652507dc9fce
Modify init command to take an optional directory to set up.
If the directory does not exist, it is created.
If no directory is given, the current directory is used.
author | Bryan O'Sullivan <bos@serpentine.com> |
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date | Sun, 14 Aug 2005 21:33:09 -0800 |
parents | 01215ad04283 |
children | 891b6a262c4b |
rev | line source |
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177 | 1 HG(1) |
2 ===== | |
3 Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> | |
4 | |
5 NAME | |
6 ---- | |
438 | 7 hg - Mercurial source code management system |
177 | 8 |
9 SYNOPSIS | |
10 -------- | |
11 'hg' [-v -d -q -y] <command> [command options] [files] | |
12 | |
13 DESCRIPTION | |
14 ----------- | |
15 The hg(1) command provides a command line interface to the Mercurial system. | |
16 | |
17 OPTIONS | |
18 ------- | |
438 | 19 |
177 | 20 --debug, -d:: |
21 enable debugging output | |
22 | |
23 --quiet, -q:: | |
24 suppress output | |
25 | |
26 --verbose, -v:: | |
27 enable additional output | |
28 | |
29 --noninteractive, -y:: | |
30 do not prompt, assume 'yes' for any required answers | |
31 | |
32 COMMAND ELEMENTS | |
33 ---------------- | |
34 | |
35 files ...:: | |
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36 indicates one or more filename or relative path filenames; see |
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37 "FILE NAME PATTERNS" for information on pattern matching |
177 | 38 |
39 path:: | |
40 indicates a path on the local machine | |
41 | |
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42 revision:: |
438 | 43 indicates a changeset which can be specified as a changeset revision |
44 number, a tag, or a unique substring of the changeset hash value | |
177 | 45 |
46 repository path:: | |
498 | 47 either the pathname of a local repository or the URI of a remote |
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48 repository. There are two available URI protocols, http:// which is |
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49 fast and the old-http:// protocol which is much slower but does not |
438 | 50 require a special server on the web host. |
177 | 51 |
52 COMMANDS | |
53 -------- | |
438 | 54 |
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55 add [options] [files ...]:: |
497 | 56 Schedule files to be version controlled and added to the repository. |
57 | |
498 | 58 The files will be added to the repository at the next commit. |
177 | 59 |
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60 If no names are given, add all files in the current directory and |
728 | 61 its subdirectories. |
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62 |
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63 addremove [options] [files ...]:: |
497 | 64 Add all new files and remove all missing files from the repository. |
65 | |
66 New files are ignored if they match any of the patterns in .hgignore. As | |
498 | 67 with add, these changes take effect at the next commit. |
177 | 68 |
438 | 69 annotate [-r <rev> -u -n -c] [files ...]:: |
497 | 70 List changes in files, showing the revision id responsible for each line |
71 | |
72 This command is useful to discover who did a change or when a change took | |
73 place. | |
74 | |
438 | 75 options: |
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76 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
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77 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
438 | 78 -r, --revision <rev> annotate the specified revision |
79 -u, --user list the author | |
80 -c, --changeset list the changeset | |
81 -n, --number list the revision number (default) | |
177 | 82 |
438 | 83 cat <file> [revision]:: |
497 | 84 Output to stdout the given revision for the specified file. |
85 | |
498 | 86 If no revision is given then the tip is used. |
177 | 87 |
485 | 88 clone [-U] <source> [dest]:: |
497 | 89 Create a copy of an existing repository in a new directory. |
90 | |
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91 If no destination directory name is specified, it defaults to the |
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92 basename of the source. |
497 | 93 |
498 | 94 The source is added to the new repository's .hg/hgrc file to be used in |
497 | 95 future pulls. |
96 | |
498 | 97 For efficiency, hardlinks are used for cloning whenever the |
98 source and destination are on the same filesystem. | |
497 | 99 |
100 options: | |
505 | 101 -U, --noupdate do not update the new working directory |
497 | 102 |
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103 commit [options] [files...]:: |
498 | 104 Commit changes to the given files into the repository. |
497 | 105 |
498 | 106 If a list of files is omitted, all changes reported by "hg status" |
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107 from the root of the repository will be commited. |
497 | 108 |
498 | 109 The HGEDITOR or EDITOR environment variables are used to start an |
110 editor to add a commit comment. | |
497 | 111 |
112 Options: | |
113 | |
114 -A, --addremove run addremove during commit | |
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115 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
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116 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
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117 -m, --message <text> use <text> as commit message |
497 | 118 -l, --logfile <file> show the commit message for the given file |
119 -d, --date <datecode> record datecode as commit date | |
120 -u, --user <user> record user as commiter | |
121 | |
122 aliases: ci | |
123 | |
124 copy <source> <dest>:: | |
125 Mark <dest> file as a copy or rename of a <source> one | |
126 | |
127 This command takes effect for the next commit. | |
128 | |
129 diff [-r revision] [-r revision] [files ...]:: | |
130 Show differences between revisions for the specified files. | |
131 | |
132 Differences between files are shown using the unified diff format. | |
133 | |
498 | 134 When two revision arguments are given, then changes are shown |
135 between those revisions. If only one revision is specified then | |
136 that revision is compared to the working directory, and, when no | |
137 revisions are specified, the working directory files are compared | |
138 to its parent. | |
497 | 139 |
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140 options: |
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141 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
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142 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
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143 |
580 | 144 export [-o filespec] [revision] ...:: |
145 Print the changeset header and diffs for one or more revisions. | |
146 | |
147 The information shown in the changeset header is: author, | |
148 changeset hash, parent and commit comment. | |
149 | |
150 Output may be to a file, in which case the name of the file is | |
151 given using a format string. The formatting rules are as follows: | |
497 | 152 |
580 | 153 %% literal "%" character |
154 %H changeset hash (40 bytes of hexadecimal) | |
155 %N number of patches being generated | |
156 %R changeset revision number | |
157 %b basename of the exporting repository | |
158 %h short-form changeset hash (12 bytes of hexadecimal) | |
159 %n zero-padded sequence number, starting at 1 | |
160 %r zero-padded changeset revision number | |
161 | |
162 Options: | |
163 | |
164 -o, --output <filespec> print output to file with formatted named | |
497 | 165 |
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166 forget [options] [files]:: |
497 | 167 Undo an 'hg add' scheduled for the next commit. |
168 | |
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169 options: |
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170 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
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171 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
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172 |
497 | 173 heads:: |
174 Show all repository head changesets. | |
175 | |
498 | 176 Repository "heads" are changesets that don't have children |
177 changesets. They are where development generally takes place and | |
178 are the usual targets for update and merge operations. | |
497 | 179 |
180 identify:: | |
181 Print a short summary of the current state of the repo. | |
182 | |
183 This summary identifies the repository state using one or two parent | |
184 hash identifiers, followed by a "+" if there are uncommitted changes | |
185 in the working directory, followed by a list of tags for this revision. | |
186 | |
187 aliases: id | |
188 | |
189 import [-p <n> -b <base> -q] <patches>:: | |
190 Import a list of patches and commit them individually. | |
191 | |
192 options: | |
193 -p, --strip <n> directory strip option for patch. This has the same | |
194 meaning as the correnponding patch option | |
195 -b <path> base directory to read patches from | |
196 | |
197 aliases: patch | |
198 | |
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199 init [dest]:: |
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200 Initialize a new repository in the given directory. If the given |
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201 directory does not exist, it is created. |
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202 |
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203 If no directory is given, the current directory is used. |
177 | 204 |
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205 locate [options] [files]:: |
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206 Print all files under Mercurial control whose names match the |
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207 given patterns. |
627 | 208 |
209 This command searches the current directory and its | |
210 subdirectories. To search an entire repository, move to the root | |
211 of the repository. | |
212 | |
213 If no patterns are given to match, this command prints all file | |
214 names. | |
215 | |
216 If you want to feed the output of this command into the "xargs" | |
217 command, use the "-0" option to both this command and "xargs". | |
218 This will avoid the problem of "xargs" treating single filenames | |
219 that contain white space as multiple file names. | |
220 | |
221 options: | |
222 | |
223 -0, --print0 end filenames with NUL, for use with xargs | |
224 -f, --fullpath print complete paths from the filesystem root | |
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225 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
627 | 226 -r, --rev <rev> search the repository as it stood at rev |
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227 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
627 | 228 |
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229 log [-r revision ...] [-p] [file]:: |
509 | 230 Print the revision history of the specified file or the entire project. |
177 | 231 |
509 | 232 By default this command outputs: changeset id and hash, tags, |
233 parents, user, date and time, and a summary for each commit. The | |
234 -v switch adds some more detail, such as changed files, manifest | |
235 hashes or message signatures. | |
236 | |
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237 options: |
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238 -r, --rev <A>, ... When a revision argument is given, only this file or |
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239 changelog revision is displayed. With two revision |
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240 arguments all revisions in this range are listed. |
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241 Additional revision arguments may be given repeating |
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242 the above cycle. |
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243 -p, --patch show patch |
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244 |
509 | 245 aliases: history |
497 | 246 |
438 | 247 manifest [revision]:: |
497 | 248 Print a list of version controlled files for the given revision. |
249 | |
250 The manifest is the list of files being version controlled. If no revision | |
251 is given then the tip is used. | |
438 | 252 |
253 parents:: | |
254 Print the working directory's parent revisions. | |
255 | |
256 pull <repository path>:: | |
498 | 257 Pull changes from a remote repository to a local one. |
497 | 258 |
498 | 259 This finds all changes from the repository at the specified path |
260 or URL and adds them to the local repository. By default, this | |
261 does not update the copy of the project in the working directory. | |
438 | 262 |
263 options: | |
264 -u, --update update the working directory to tip after pull | |
265 | |
266 push <destination>:: | |
497 | 267 Push changes from the local repository to the given destination. |
268 | |
498 | 269 This is the symmetrical operation for pull. It helps to move |
270 changes from the current repository to a different one. If the | |
271 destination is local this is identical to a pull in that directory | |
272 from the current one. | |
438 | 273 |
274 The other currently available push method is SSH. This requires an | |
275 accessible shell account on the destination machine and a copy of | |
276 hg in the remote path. Destinations are specified in the following | |
277 form: | |
278 | |
279 ssh://[user@]host[:port]/path | |
280 | |
747 | 281 rawcommit [-p -d -u -F -m -l]:: |
497 | 282 Lowlevel commit, for use in helper scripts. |
283 | |
284 This command is not intended to be used by normal users, as it is | |
285 primarily useful for importing from other SCMs. | |
177 | 286 |
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287 recover:: |
497 | 288 Recover from an interrupted commit or pull. |
289 | |
290 This command tries to fix the repository status after an interrupted | |
291 operation. It should only be necessary when Mercurial suggests it. | |
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292 |
177 | 293 remove [files ...]:: |
497 | 294 Schedule the indicated files for removal from the repository. |
295 | |
498 | 296 This command shedules the files to be removed at the next commit. |
297 This only removes files from the current branch, not from the | |
298 entire project history. | |
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299 |
438 | 300 aliases: rm |
177 | 301 |
588 | 302 revert [names ...]:: |
303 Revert any uncommitted modifications made to the named files or | |
304 directories. This restores the contents of the affected files to | |
305 an unmodified state. | |
306 | |
307 If a file has been deleted, it is recreated. If the executable | |
308 mode of a file was changed, it is reset. | |
309 | |
310 If a directory is given, all files in that directory and its | |
311 subdirectories are reverted. | |
312 | |
313 If no arguments are given, all files in the current directory and | |
314 its subdirectories are reverted. | |
315 | |
316 options: | |
317 -r, --rev <rev> revision to revert to | |
318 -n, --nonrecursive do not recurse into subdirectories | |
319 | |
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320 root:: |
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321 Print the root directory of the current repository. |
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322 |
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323 serve [options]:: |
438 | 324 Start a local HTTP repository browser and pull server. |
325 | |
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326 By default, the server logs accesses to stdout and errors to |
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327 stderr. Use the "-A" and "-E" options to log to files. |
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328 |
438 | 329 options: |
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330 -A, --accesslog <file> name of access log file to write to |
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331 -E, --errorlog <file> name of error log file to write to |
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332 -a, --address <addr> address to use |
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333 -p, --port <n> port to use (default: 8000) |
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334 -n, --name <name> name to show in web pages (default: working dir) |
438 | 335 -t, --templatedir <path> web templates to use |
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336 -6, --ipv6 use IPv6 in addition to IPv4 |
177 | 337 |
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338 status [options] [files]:: |
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339 Show changed files in the working directory. If no names are |
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340 given, all files are shown. Otherwise, only files matching the |
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341 given names are shown. |
438 | 342 |
497 | 343 The codes used to show the status of files are: |
344 | |
746 | 345 M = changed |
438 | 346 A = added |
347 R = removed | |
348 ? = not tracked | |
349 | |
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350 options: |
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351 |
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352 -m, --modified show only modified files |
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353 -a, --added show only added files |
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354 -r, --removed show only removed files |
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355 -u, --unknown show only unknown (not tracked) files |
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356 -I, --include <pat> include names matching the given patterns |
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357 -X, --exclude <pat> exclude names matching the given patterns |
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358 |
750 | 359 tag [-l -m <text> -d <datecode> -u <user>] <name> [revision]:: |
497 | 360 Name a particular revision using <name>. |
361 | |
362 Tags are used to name particular revisions of the repository and are | |
363 very useful to compare different revision, to go back to significant | |
498 | 364 earlier versions or to mark branch points as releases, etc. |
497 | 365 |
498 | 366 If no revision is given, the tip is used. |
438 | 367 |
498 | 368 To facilitate version control, distribution, and merging of tags, |
369 they are stored as a file named ".hgtags" which is managed | |
370 similarly to other project files and can be hand-edited if | |
371 necessary. | |
372 | |
438 | 373 options: |
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374 -l, --local make the tag local |
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375 -m, --message <text> message for tag commit log entry |
438 | 376 -d, --date <datecode> datecode for commit |
377 -u, --user <user> user for commit | |
177 | 378 |
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379 Note: Local tags are not version-controlled or distributed and are |
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380 stored in the .hg/localtags file. If there exists a local tag and |
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381 a public tag with the same name, local tag is used. |
498 | 382 |
177 | 383 tags:: |
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384 List the repository tags. |
438 | 385 |
498 | 386 This lists both regular and local tags. |
497 | 387 |
438 | 388 tip:: |
478
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389 Show the tip revision. |
177 | 390 |
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391 undo:: |
438 | 392 Undo the last commit or pull transaction. |
393 | |
595 | 394 Roll back the last pull or commit transaction on the |
395 repository, restoring the project to its earlier state. | |
396 | |
397 This command should be used with care. There is only one level of | |
398 undo and there is no redo. | |
399 | |
400 This command is not intended for use on public repositories. Once | |
401 a change is visible for pull by other users, undoing it locally is | |
402 ineffective. | |
403 | |
438 | 404 update [-m -C] [revision]:: |
498 | 405 Update the working directory to the specified revision. |
438 | 406 |
498 | 407 By default, update will refuse to run if doing so would require |
408 merging or discarding local changes. | |
409 | |
410 With the -m option, a merge will be performed. | |
411 | |
412 With the -C option, local changes will be lost. | |
497 | 413 |
438 | 414 options: |
415 -m, --merge allow merging of branches | |
416 -C, --clean overwrite locally modified files | |
417 | |
418 aliases: up checkout co | |
419 | |
420 verify:: | |
421 Verify the integrity of the current repository. | |
422 | |
423 This will perform an extensive check of the repository's | |
424 integrity, validating the hashes and checksums of each entry in | |
425 the changelog, manifest, and tracked files, as well as the | |
426 integrity of their crosslinks and indices. | |
427 | |
724
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428 FILE NAME PATTERNS |
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429 ------------------ |
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430 |
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431 Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying one or more |
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432 file at a time. |
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433 |
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434 By default, Mercurial treats file names as shell-style extended |
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435 glob patterns. |
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436 |
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437 Alternate pattern notations must be specified explicitly. |
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438 |
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439 To use a plain path name without any pattern matching, start a |
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440 name with "path:". These path names must match completely, from |
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441 the root of the current repository. |
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442 |
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443 To use an extended glob, start a name with "glob:". Globs are |
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444 rooted at the current directory; a glob such as "*.c" will match |
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445 files ending in ".c" in the current directory only. |
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446 |
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447 The supported glob syntax extensions are "**" to match any string |
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448 across path separators, and "{a,b}" to mean "a or b". |
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449 |
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450 To use a Perl/Python regular expression, start a name with "re:". |
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451 Regexp pattern matching is anchored at the root of the repository. |
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452 |
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453 Plain examples: |
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454 |
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455 path:foo/bar a name bar in a directory named foo in the root of |
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456 the repository |
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457 path:path:name a file or directory named "path:name" |
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458 |
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459 Glob examples: |
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460 |
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461 glob:*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory |
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462 *.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory |
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463 **.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory, or |
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464 any subdirectory |
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465 foo/*.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo |
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466 foo/**.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo, or any |
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467 subdirectory |
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468 |
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469 Regexp examples: |
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470 |
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471 re:.*\.c$ any name ending in ".c", anywhere in the repsitory |
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472 |
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473 |
580 | 474 SPECIFYING SINGLE REVISIONS |
475 --------------------------- | |
476 | |
477 Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying individual | |
478 revisions. | |
479 | |
480 A plain integer is treated as a revision number. Negative | |
481 integers are treated as offsets from the tip, with -1 denoting the | |
482 tip. | |
483 | |
484 A 40-digit hexadecimal string is treated as a unique revision | |
485 identifier. | |
486 | |
487 A hexadecimal string less than 40 characters long is treated as a | |
488 unique revision identifier, and referred to as a short-form | |
489 identifier. A short-form identifier is only valid if it is the | |
490 prefix of one full-length identifier. | |
491 | |
492 Any other string is treated as a tag name, which is a symbolic | |
493 name associated with a revision identifier. Tag names may not | |
494 contain the ":" character. | |
495 | |
496 The reserved name "tip" is a special tag that always identifies | |
497 the most recent revision. | |
498 | |
499 SPECIFYING MULTIPLE REVISIONS | |
500 ----------------------------- | |
501 | |
502 When Mercurial accepts more than one revision, they may be | |
503 specified individually, or provided as a continuous range, | |
504 separated by the ":" character. | |
505 | |
506 The syntax of range notation is [BEGIN]:[END], where BEGIN and END | |
507 are revision identifiers. Both BEGIN and END are optional. If | |
508 BEGIN is not specified, it defaults to revision number 0. If END | |
509 is not specified, it defaults to the tip. The range ":" thus | |
510 means "all revisions". | |
511 | |
512 If BEGIN is greater than END, revisions are treated in reverse | |
513 order. | |
514 | |
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515 A range acts as a closed interval. This means that a range of 3:5 |
580 | 516 gives 3, 4 and 5. Similarly, a range of 4:2 gives 4, 3, and 2. |
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517 |
177 | 518 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES |
519 --------------------- | |
438 | 520 |
478
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521 HGEDITOR:: |
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522 This is the name of the editor to use when committing. Defaults to the |
608
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523 value of EDITOR. |
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524 |
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525 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
478
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526 |
177 | 527 HGMERGE:: |
498 | 528 An executable to use for resolving merge conflicts. The program |
438 | 529 will be executed with three arguments: local file, remote file, |
530 ancestor file. | |
531 | |
532 The default program is "hgmerge", which is a shell script provided | |
533 by Mercurial with some sensible defaults. | |
177 | 534 |
608
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535 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
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536 |
177 | 537 HGUSER:: |
438 | 538 This is the string used for the author of a commit. |
177 | 539 |
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540 (deprecated, use .hgrc) |
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541 |
177 | 542 EMAIL:: |
438 | 543 If HGUSER is not set, this will be used as the author for a commit. |
177 | 544 |
545 LOGNAME:: | |
478
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546 If neither HGUSER nor EMAIL is set, LOGNAME will be used (with |
438 | 547 '@hostname' appended) as the author value for a commit. |
177 | 548 |
549 EDITOR:: | |
478
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550 This is the name of the editor used in the hgmerge script. It will be |
498 | 551 used for commit messages if HGEDITOR isn't set. Defaults to 'vi'. |
438 | 552 |
553 PYTHONPATH:: | |
554 This is used by Python to find imported modules and may need to be set | |
555 appropriately if Mercurial is not installed system-wide. | |
177 | 556 |
557 FILES | |
558 ----- | |
559 .hgignore:: | |
438 | 560 This file contains regular expressions (one per line) that describe file |
478
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561 names that should be ignored by hg. |
177 | 562 |
563 .hgtags:: | |
438 | 564 This file contains changeset hash values and text tag names (one of each |
177 | 565 seperated by spaces) that correspond to tagged versions of the repository |
566 contents. | |
567 | |
438 | 568 $HOME/.hgrc, .hg/hgrc:: |
569 This file contains defaults and configuration. Values in .hg/hgrc | |
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570 override those in .hgrc. See hgrc(5) for details of the contents |
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571 and format of these files. |
321 | 572 |
177 | 573 BUGS |
574 ---- | |
575 Probably lots, please post them to the mailing list (See Resources below) | |
576 when you find them. | |
577 | |
671
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578 SEE ALSO |
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579 -------- |
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580 hgrc(5) |
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581 |
177 | 582 AUTHOR |
583 ------ | |
584 Written by Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com> | |
585 | |
586 RESOURCES | |
587 --------- | |
588 http://selenic.com/mercurial[Main Web Site] | |
589 | |
671
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590 http://www.serpentine.com/mercurial[Wiki site] |
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591 |
177 | 592 http://selenic.com/hg[Source code repository] |
593 | |
594 http://selenic.com/mailman/listinfo/mercurial[Mailing list] | |
595 | |
596 COPYING | |
597 ------- | |
598 Copyright (C) 2005 Matt Mackall. | |
599 Free use of this software is granted under the terms of the GNU General | |
600 Public License (GPL). |