annotate mercurial/cext/revlog.c @ 44066:f5d2720f3bea

revlog-native: introduced ABI version in capsule

Concerns that an inconsistency could arise between the actual contents
of the capsule in revlog.c and the Rust consumer have been raised after
the switch to the array of data and function pointers in f384d68d8ea8.

It has been suggested that the `version` from parsers.c could be use for
this. In this change, we introduce instead a separate ABI version number,
which should have the following advantages:

- no need to change the consuming Rust code for changes that have nothing
  to do with the contents of the capsule
- the version number in parsers.c is not explicitely flagged as ABI. It's
  not obvious to me whether an ABI change that would be invisible to Python
  would warrant an increment

The drawback is that developers now have to consider two version numbers.

We expect the added cost of the check to be negligible because it occurs
at instantiation of `CIndex` only, which in turn is tied to instantiation
of Python objects such as `LazyAncestors` and `MixedIndex`. Frequent calls
to `Cindex::new` should also probably hit the CPU branch predictor.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D7856

/*
 parsers.c - efficient content parsing

 Copyright 2008 Matt Mackall <[e-mail]> and others

 This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of
 the GNU General Public License, incorporated herein by reference.
*/

#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
#include <Python.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "bitmanipulation.h"
#include "charencode.h"
#include "revlog.h"
#include "util.h"

#ifdef IS_PY3K
/* The mapping of Python types is meant to be temporary to get Python
 * 3 to compile. We should remove this once Python 3 support is fully
 * supported and proper types are used in the extensions themselves. */
#define PyInt_Check PyLong_Check
#define PyInt_FromLong PyLong_FromLong
#define PyInt_FromSsize_t PyLong_FromSsize_t
#define PyInt_AsLong PyLong_AsLong
#endif

typedef struct indexObjectStruct indexObject;

typedef struct {
	int children[16];
} nodetreenode;

typedef struct {
	int abi_version;
	int (*index_parents)(PyObject *, int, int *);
} Revlog_CAPI;

/*
 * A base-16 trie for fast node->rev mapping.
 *
 * Positive value is index of the next node in the trie
 * Negative value is a leaf: -(rev + 2)
 * Zero is empty
 */
typedef struct {
	indexObject *index;
	nodetreenode *nodes;
	unsigned length;   /* # nodes in use */
	unsigned capacity; /* # nodes allocated */
	int depth;         /* maximum depth of tree */
	int splits;        /* # splits performed */
} nodetree;

typedef struct {
	PyObject_HEAD /* ; */
	    nodetree nt;
} nodetreeObject;

/*
 * This class has two behaviors.
 *
 * When used in a list-like way (with integer keys), we decode an
 * entry in a RevlogNG index file on demand. We have limited support for
 * integer-keyed insert and delete, only at elements right before the
 * end.
 *
 * With string keys, we lazily perform a reverse mapping from node to
 * rev, using a base-16 trie.
 */
struct indexObjectStruct {
	PyObject_HEAD
	    /* Type-specific fields go here. */
	    PyObject *data;     /* raw bytes of index */
	Py_buffer buf;          /* buffer of data */
	PyObject **cache;       /* cached tuples */
	const char **offsets;   /* populated on demand */
	Py_ssize_t raw_length;  /* original number of elements */
	Py_ssize_t length;      /* current number of elements */
	PyObject *added;        /* populated on demand */
	PyObject *headrevs;     /* cache, invalidated on changes */
	PyObject *filteredrevs; /* filtered revs set */
	nodetree nt;            /* base-16 trie */
	int ntinitialized;      /* 0 or 1 */
	int ntrev;              /* last rev scanned */
	int ntlookups;          /* # lookups */
	int ntmisses;           /* # lookups that miss the cache */
	int inlined;
};

static Py_ssize_t index_length(const indexObject *self)
{
	if (self->added == NULL)
		return self->length;
	return self->length + PyList_GET_SIZE(self->added);
}

static PyObject *nullentry = NULL;
static const char nullid[20] = {0};
static const Py_ssize_t nullrev = -1;

static Py_ssize_t inline_scan(indexObject *self, const char **offsets);

#if LONG_MAX == 0x7fffffffL
static const char *const tuple_format = PY23("Kiiiiiis#", "Kiiiiiiy#");
#else
static const char *const tuple_format = PY23("kiiiiiis#", "kiiiiiiy#");
#endif

/* A RevlogNG v1 index entry is 64 bytes long. */
static const long v1_hdrsize = 64;

static void raise_revlog_error(void)
{
	PyObject *mod = NULL, *dict = NULL, *errclass = NULL;

	mod = PyImport_ImportModule("mercurial.error");
	if (mod == NULL) {
		goto cleanup;
	}

	dict = PyModule_GetDict(mod);
	if (dict == NULL) {
		goto cleanup;
	}
	Py_INCREF(dict);

	errclass = PyDict_GetItemString(dict, "RevlogError");
	if (errclass == NULL) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
		                "could not find RevlogError");
		goto cleanup;
	}

	/* value of exception is ignored by callers */
	PyErr_SetString(errclass, "RevlogError");

cleanup:
	Py_XDECREF(dict);
	Py_XDECREF(mod);
}

/*
 * Return a pointer to the beginning of a RevlogNG record.
 */
static const char *index_deref(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t pos)
{
	if (self->inlined && pos > 0) {
		if (self->offsets == NULL) {
			self->offsets = PyMem_Malloc(self->raw_length *
			                             sizeof(*self->offsets));
			if (self->offsets == NULL)
				return (const char *)PyErr_NoMemory();
			inline_scan(self, self->offsets);
		}
		return self->offsets[pos];
	}

	return (const char *)(self->buf.buf) + pos * v1_hdrsize;
}

/*
 * Get parents of the given rev.
 *
 * The specified rev must be valid and must not be nullrev. A returned
 * parent revision may be nullrev, but is guaranteed to be in valid range.
 */
static inline int index_get_parents(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t rev, int *ps,
                                    int maxrev)
{
	if (rev >= self->length) {
		long tmp;
		PyObject *tuple =
		    PyList_GET_ITEM(self->added, rev - self->length);
		if (!pylong_to_long(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, 5), &tmp)) {
			return -1;
		}
		ps[0] = (int)tmp;
		if (!pylong_to_long(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, 6), &tmp)) {
			return -1;
		}
		ps[1] = (int)tmp;
	} else {
		const char *data = index_deref(self, rev);
		ps[0] = getbe32(data + 24);
		ps[1] = getbe32(data + 28);
	}
	/* If index file is corrupted, ps[] may point to invalid revisions. So
	 * there is a risk of buffer overflow to trust them unconditionally. */
	if (ps[0] < -1 || ps[0] > maxrev || ps[1] < -1 || ps[1] > maxrev) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "parent out of range");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Get parents of the given rev.
 *
 * If the specified rev is out of range, IndexError will be raised. If the
 * revlog entry is corrupted, ValueError may be raised.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success or -1 on failure.
 */
int HgRevlogIndex_GetParents(PyObject *op, int rev, int *ps)
{
	int tiprev;
	if (!op || !HgRevlogIndex_Check(op) || !ps) {
		PyErr_BadInternalCall();
		return -1;
	}
	tiprev = (int)index_length((indexObject *)op) - 1;
	if (rev < -1 || rev > tiprev) {
		PyErr_Format(PyExc_IndexError, "rev out of range: %d", rev);
		return -1;
	} else if (rev == -1) {
		ps[0] = ps[1] = -1;
		return 0;
	} else {
		return index_get_parents((indexObject *)op, rev, ps, tiprev);
	}
}

static inline int64_t index_get_start(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t rev)
{
	uint64_t offset;
	if (rev == nullrev) {
		return 0;
	}
	if (rev >= self->length) {
		PyObject *tuple;
		PyObject *pylong;
		PY_LONG_LONG tmp;
		tuple = PyList_GET_ITEM(self->added, rev - self->length);
		pylong = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, 0);
		tmp = PyLong_AsLongLong(pylong);
		if (tmp == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
			return -1;
		}
		if (tmp < 0) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
			             "revlog entry size out of bound (%lld)",
			             (long long)tmp);
			return -1;
		}
		offset = (uint64_t)tmp;
	} else {
		const char *data = index_deref(self, rev);
		offset = getbe32(data + 4);
		if (rev == 0) {
			/* mask out version number for the first entry */
			offset &= 0xFFFF;
		} else {
			uint32_t offset_high = getbe32(data);
			offset |= ((uint64_t)offset_high) << 32;
		}
	}
	return (int64_t)(offset >> 16);
}

static inline int index_get_length(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t rev)
{
	if (rev == nullrev) {
		return 0;
	}
	if (rev >= self->length) {
		PyObject *tuple;
		PyObject *pylong;
		long ret;
		tuple = PyList_GET_ITEM(self->added, rev - self->length);
		pylong = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, 1);
		ret = PyInt_AsLong(pylong);
		if (ret == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
			return -1;
		}
		if (ret < 0 || ret > (long)INT_MAX) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
			             "revlog entry size out of bound (%ld)",
			             ret);
			return -1;
		}
		return (int)ret;
	} else {
		const char *data = index_deref(self, rev);
		int tmp = (int)getbe32(data + 8);
		if (tmp < 0) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
			             "revlog entry size out of bound (%d)",
			             tmp);
			return -1;
		}
		return tmp;
	}
}

/*
 * RevlogNG format (all in big endian, data may be inlined):
 *    6 bytes: offset
 *    2 bytes: flags
 *    4 bytes: compressed length
 *    4 bytes: uncompressed length
 *    4 bytes: base revision
 *    4 bytes: link revision
 *    4 bytes: parent 1 revision
 *    4 bytes: parent 2 revision
 *   32 bytes: nodeid (only 20 bytes used)
 */
static PyObject *index_get(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t pos)
{
	uint64_t offset_flags;
	int comp_len, uncomp_len, base_rev, link_rev, parent_1, parent_2;
	const char *c_node_id;
	const char *data;
	Py_ssize_t length = index_length(self);
	PyObject *entry;

	if (pos == nullrev) {
		Py_INCREF(nullentry);
		return nullentry;
	}

	if (pos < 0 || pos >= length) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "revlog index out of range");
		return NULL;
	}

	if (pos >= self->length) {
		PyObject *obj;
		obj = PyList_GET_ITEM(self->added, pos - self->length);
		Py_INCREF(obj);
		return obj;
	}

	if (self->cache) {
		if (self->cache[pos]) {
			Py_INCREF(self->cache[pos]);
			return self->cache[pos];
		}
	} else {
		self->cache = calloc(self->raw_length, sizeof(PyObject *));
		if (self->cache == NULL)
			return PyErr_NoMemory();
	}

	data = index_deref(self, pos);
	if (data == NULL)
		return NULL;

	offset_flags = getbe32(data + 4);
	if (pos == 0) /* mask out version number for the first entry */
		offset_flags &= 0xFFFF;
	else {
		uint32_t offset_high = getbe32(data);
		offset_flags |= ((uint64_t)offset_high) << 32;
	}

	comp_len = getbe32(data + 8);
	uncomp_len = getbe32(data + 12);
	base_rev = getbe32(data + 16);
	link_rev = getbe32(data + 20);
	parent_1 = getbe32(data + 24);
	parent_2 = getbe32(data + 28);
	c_node_id = data + 32;

	entry = Py_BuildValue(tuple_format, offset_flags, comp_len, uncomp_len,
	                      base_rev, link_rev, parent_1, parent_2, c_node_id,
	                      (Py_ssize_t)20);

	if (entry) {
		PyObject_GC_UnTrack(entry);
		Py_INCREF(entry);
	}

	self->cache[pos] = entry;

	return entry;
}

/*
 * Return the 20-byte SHA of the node corresponding to the given rev.
 */
static const char *index_node(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t pos)
{
	Py_ssize_t length = index_length(self);
	const char *data;

	if (pos == nullrev)
		return nullid;

	if (pos >= length)
		return NULL;

	if (pos >= self->length) {
		PyObject *tuple, *str;
		tuple = PyList_GET_ITEM(self->added, pos - self->length);
		str = PyTuple_GetItem(tuple, 7);
		return str ? PyBytes_AS_STRING(str) : NULL;
	}

	data = index_deref(self, pos);
	return data ? data + 32 : NULL;
}

/*
 * Return the 20-byte SHA of the node corresponding to the given rev. The
 * rev is assumed to be existing. If not, an exception is set.
 */
static const char *index_node_existing(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t pos)
{
	const char *node = index_node(self, pos);
	if (node == NULL) {
		PyErr_Format(PyExc_IndexError, "could not access rev %d",
		             (int)pos);
	}
	return node;
}

static int nt_insert(nodetree *self, const char *node, int rev);

static int node_check(PyObject *obj, char **node)
{
	Py_ssize_t nodelen;
	if (PyBytes_AsStringAndSize(obj, node, &nodelen) == -1)
		return -1;
	if (nodelen == 20)
		return 0;
	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "20-byte hash required");
	return -1;
}

static PyObject *index_append(indexObject *self, PyObject *obj)
{
	char *node;
	Py_ssize_t len;

	if (!PyTuple_Check(obj) || PyTuple_GET_SIZE(obj) != 8) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "8-tuple required");
		return NULL;
	}

	if (node_check(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(obj, 7), &node) == -1)
		return NULL;

	len = index_length(self);

	if (self->added == NULL) {
		self->added = PyList_New(0);
		if (self->added == NULL)
			return NULL;
	}

	if (PyList_Append(self->added, obj) == -1)
		return NULL;

	if (self->ntinitialized)
		nt_insert(&self->nt, node, (int)len);

	Py_CLEAR(self->headrevs);
	Py_RETURN_NONE;
}

static PyObject *index_stats(indexObject *self)
{
	PyObject *obj = PyDict_New();
	PyObject *s = NULL;
	PyObject *t = NULL;

	if (obj == NULL)
		return NULL;

#define istat(__n, __d)                                                        \
	do {                                                                   \
		s = PyBytes_FromString(__d);                                   \
		t = PyInt_FromSsize_t(self->__n);                              \
		if (!s || !t)                                                  \
			goto bail;                                             \
		if (PyDict_SetItem(obj, s, t) == -1)                           \
			goto bail;                                             \
		Py_CLEAR(s);                                                   \
		Py_CLEAR(t);                                                   \
	} while (0)

	if (self->added) {
		Py_ssize_t len = PyList_GET_SIZE(self->added);
		s = PyBytes_FromString("index entries added");
		t = PyInt_FromSsize_t(len);
		if (!s || !t)
			goto bail;
		if (PyDict_SetItem(obj, s, t) == -1)
			goto bail;
		Py_CLEAR(s);
		Py_CLEAR(t);
	}

	if (self->raw_length != self->length)
		istat(raw_length, "revs on disk");
	istat(length, "revs in memory");
	istat(ntlookups, "node trie lookups");
	istat(ntmisses, "node trie misses");
	istat(ntrev, "node trie last rev scanned");
	if (self->ntinitialized) {
		istat(nt.capacity, "node trie capacity");
		istat(nt.depth, "node trie depth");
		istat(nt.length, "node trie count");
		istat(nt.splits, "node trie splits");
	}

#undef istat

	return obj;

bail:
	Py_XDECREF(obj);
	Py_XDECREF(s);
	Py_XDECREF(t);
	return NULL;
}

/*
 * When we cache a list, we want to be sure the caller can't mutate
 * the cached copy.
 */
static PyObject *list_copy(PyObject *list)
{
	Py_ssize_t len = PyList_GET_SIZE(list);
	PyObject *newlist = PyList_New(len);
	Py_ssize_t i;

	if (newlist == NULL)
		return NULL;

	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
		PyObject *obj = PyList_GET_ITEM(list, i);
		Py_INCREF(obj);
		PyList_SET_ITEM(newlist, i, obj);
	}

	return newlist;
}

static int check_filter(PyObject *filter, Py_ssize_t arg)
{
	if (filter) {
		PyObject *arglist, *result;
		int isfiltered;

		arglist = Py_BuildValue("(n)", arg);
		if (!arglist) {
			return -1;
		}

		result = PyEval_CallObject(filter, arglist);
		Py_DECREF(arglist);
		if (!result) {
			return -1;
		}

		/* PyObject_IsTrue returns 1 if true, 0 if false, -1 if error,
		 * same as this function, so we can just return it directly.*/
		isfiltered = PyObject_IsTrue(result);
		Py_DECREF(result);
		return isfiltered;
	} else {
		return 0;
	}
}

static Py_ssize_t add_roots_get_min(indexObject *self, PyObject *list,
                                    Py_ssize_t marker, char *phases)
{
	PyObject *iter = NULL;
	PyObject *iter_item = NULL;
	Py_ssize_t min_idx = index_length(self) + 2;
	long iter_item_long;

	if (PyList_GET_SIZE(list) != 0) {
		iter = PyObject_GetIter(list);
		if (iter == NULL)
			return -2;
		while ((iter_item = PyIter_Next(iter))) {
			if (!pylong_to_long(iter_item, &iter_item_long)) {
				Py_DECREF(iter_item);
				return -2;
			}
			Py_DECREF(iter_item);
			if (iter_item_long < min_idx)
				min_idx = iter_item_long;
			phases[iter_item_long] = (char)marker;
		}
		Py_DECREF(iter);
	}

	return min_idx;
}

static inline void set_phase_from_parents(char *phases, int parent_1,
                                          int parent_2, Py_ssize_t i)
{
	if (parent_1 >= 0 && phases[parent_1] > phases[i])
		phases[i] = phases[parent_1];
	if (parent_2 >= 0 && phases[parent_2] > phases[i])
		phases[i] = phases[parent_2];
}

static PyObject *reachableroots2(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{

	/* Input */
	long minroot;
	PyObject *includepatharg = NULL;
	int includepath = 0;
	/* heads and roots are lists */
	PyObject *heads = NULL;
	PyObject *roots = NULL;
	PyObject *reachable = NULL;

	PyObject *val;
	Py_ssize_t len = index_length(self);
	long revnum;
	Py_ssize_t k;
	Py_ssize_t i;
	Py_ssize_t l;
	int r;
	int parents[2];

	/* Internal data structure:
	 * tovisit: array of length len+1 (all revs + nullrev), filled upto
	 * lentovisit
	 *
	 * revstates: array of length len+1 (all revs + nullrev) */
	int *tovisit = NULL;
	long lentovisit = 0;
	enum { RS_SEEN = 1, RS_ROOT = 2, RS_REACHABLE = 4 };
	char *revstates = NULL;

	/* Get arguments */
	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "lO!O!O!", &minroot, &PyList_Type, &heads,
	                      &PyList_Type, &roots, &PyBool_Type,
	                      &includepatharg))
		goto bail;

	if (includepatharg == Py_True)
		includepath = 1;

	/* Initialize return set */
	reachable = PyList_New(0);
	if (reachable == NULL)
		goto bail;

	/* Initialize internal datastructures */
	tovisit = (int *)malloc((len + 1) * sizeof(int));
	if (tovisit == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}

	revstates = (char *)calloc(len + 1, 1);
	if (revstates == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}

	l = PyList_GET_SIZE(roots);
	for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
		revnum = PyInt_AsLong(PyList_GET_ITEM(roots, i));
		if (revnum == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
			goto bail;
		/* If root is out of range, e.g. wdir(), it must be unreachable
		 * from heads. So we can just ignore it. */
		if (revnum + 1 < 0 || revnum + 1 >= len + 1)
			continue;
		revstates[revnum + 1] |= RS_ROOT;
	}

	/* Populate tovisit with all the heads */
	l = PyList_GET_SIZE(heads);
	for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
		revnum = PyInt_AsLong(PyList_GET_ITEM(heads, i));
		if (revnum == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())
			goto bail;
		if (revnum + 1 < 0 || revnum + 1 >= len + 1) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "head out of range");
			goto bail;
		}
		if (!(revstates[revnum + 1] & RS_SEEN)) {
			tovisit[lentovisit++] = (int)revnum;
			revstates[revnum + 1] |= RS_SEEN;
		}
	}

	/* Visit the tovisit list and find the reachable roots */
	k = 0;
	while (k < lentovisit) {
		/* Add the node to reachable if it is a root*/
		revnum = tovisit[k++];
		if (revstates[revnum + 1] & RS_ROOT) {
			revstates[revnum + 1] |= RS_REACHABLE;
			val = PyInt_FromLong(revnum);
			if (val == NULL)
				goto bail;
			r = PyList_Append(reachable, val);
			Py_DECREF(val);
			if (r < 0)
				goto bail;
			if (includepath == 0)
				continue;
		}

		/* Add its parents to the list of nodes to visit */
		if (revnum == nullrev)
			continue;
		r = index_get_parents(self, revnum, parents, (int)len - 1);
		if (r < 0)
			goto bail;
		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
			if (!(revstates[parents[i] + 1] & RS_SEEN) &&
			    parents[i] >= minroot) {
				tovisit[lentovisit++] = parents[i];
				revstates[parents[i] + 1] |= RS_SEEN;
			}
		}
	}

	/* Find all the nodes in between the roots we found and the heads
	 * and add them to the reachable set */
	if (includepath == 1) {
		long minidx = minroot;
		if (minidx < 0)
			minidx = 0;
		for (i = minidx; i < len; i++) {
			if (!(revstates[i + 1] & RS_SEEN))
				continue;
			r = index_get_parents(self, i, parents, (int)len - 1);
			/* Corrupted index file, error is set from
			 * index_get_parents */
			if (r < 0)
				goto bail;
			if (((revstates[parents[0] + 1] |
			      revstates[parents[1] + 1]) &
			     RS_REACHABLE) &&
			    !(revstates[i + 1] & RS_REACHABLE)) {
				revstates[i + 1] |= RS_REACHABLE;
				val = PyInt_FromSsize_t(i);
				if (val == NULL)
					goto bail;
				r = PyList_Append(reachable, val);
				Py_DECREF(val);
				if (r < 0)
					goto bail;
			}
		}
	}

	free(revstates);
	free(tovisit);
	return reachable;
bail:
	Py_XDECREF(reachable);
	free(revstates);
	free(tovisit);
	return NULL;
}

static PyObject *compute_phases_map_sets(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *roots = Py_None;
	PyObject *ret = NULL;
	PyObject *phasessize = NULL;
	PyObject *phaseroots = NULL;
	PyObject *phaseset = NULL;
	PyObject *phasessetlist = NULL;
	PyObject *rev = NULL;
	Py_ssize_t len = index_length(self);
	Py_ssize_t numphase = 0;
	Py_ssize_t minrevallphases = 0;
	Py_ssize_t minrevphase = 0;
	Py_ssize_t i = 0;
	char *phases = NULL;
	long phase;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &roots))
		goto done;
	if (roots == NULL || !PyList_Check(roots)) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "roots must be a list");
		goto done;
	}

	phases = calloc(
	    len, 1); /* phase per rev: {0: public, 1: draft, 2: secret} */
	if (phases == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto done;
	}
	/* Put the phase information of all the roots in phases */
	numphase = PyList_GET_SIZE(roots) + 1;
	minrevallphases = len + 1;
	phasessetlist = PyList_New(numphase);
	if (phasessetlist == NULL)
		goto done;

	PyList_SET_ITEM(phasessetlist, 0, Py_None);
	Py_INCREF(Py_None);

	for (i = 0; i < numphase - 1; i++) {
		phaseroots = PyList_GET_ITEM(roots, i);
		phaseset = PySet_New(NULL);
		if (phaseset == NULL)
			goto release;
		PyList_SET_ITEM(phasessetlist, i + 1, phaseset);
		if (!PyList_Check(phaseroots)) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
			                "roots item must be a list");
			goto release;
		}
		minrevphase =
		    add_roots_get_min(self, phaseroots, i + 1, phases);
		if (minrevphase == -2) /* Error from add_roots_get_min */
			goto release;
		minrevallphases = MIN(minrevallphases, minrevphase);
	}
	/* Propagate the phase information from the roots to the revs */
	if (minrevallphases != -1) {
		int parents[2];
		for (i = minrevallphases; i < len; i++) {
			if (index_get_parents(self, i, parents, (int)len - 1) <
			    0)
				goto release;
			set_phase_from_parents(phases, parents[0], parents[1],
			                       i);
		}
	}
	/* Transform phase list to a python list */
	phasessize = PyInt_FromSsize_t(len);
	if (phasessize == NULL)
		goto release;
	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
		phase = phases[i];
		/* We only store the sets of phase for non public phase, the
		 * public phase is computed as a difference */
		if (phase != 0) {
			phaseset = PyList_GET_ITEM(phasessetlist, phase);
			rev = PyInt_FromSsize_t(i);
			if (rev == NULL)
				goto release;
			PySet_Add(phaseset, rev);
			Py_XDECREF(rev);
		}
	}
	ret = PyTuple_Pack(2, phasessize, phasessetlist);

release:
	Py_XDECREF(phasessize);
	Py_XDECREF(phasessetlist);
done:
	free(phases);
	return ret;
}

static PyObject *index_headrevs(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	Py_ssize_t i, j, len;
	char *nothead = NULL;
	PyObject *heads = NULL;
	PyObject *filter = NULL;
	PyObject *filteredrevs = Py_None;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|O", &filteredrevs)) {
		return NULL;
	}

	if (self->headrevs && filteredrevs == self->filteredrevs)
		return list_copy(self->headrevs);

	Py_DECREF(self->filteredrevs);
	self->filteredrevs = filteredrevs;
	Py_INCREF(filteredrevs);

	if (filteredrevs != Py_None) {
		filter = PyObject_GetAttrString(filteredrevs, "__contains__");
		if (!filter) {
			PyErr_SetString(
			    PyExc_TypeError,
			    "filteredrevs has no attribute __contains__");
			goto bail;
		}
	}

	len = index_length(self);
	heads = PyList_New(0);
	if (heads == NULL)
		goto bail;
	if (len == 0) {
		PyObject *nullid = PyInt_FromLong(-1);
		if (nullid == NULL || PyList_Append(heads, nullid) == -1) {
			Py_XDECREF(nullid);
			goto bail;
		}
		goto done;
	}

	nothead = calloc(len, 1);
	if (nothead == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}

	for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
		int isfiltered;
		int parents[2];

		/* If nothead[i] == 1, it means we've seen an unfiltered child
		 * of this node already, and therefore this node is not
		 * filtered. So we can skip the expensive check_filter step.
		 */
		if (nothead[i] != 1) {
			isfiltered = check_filter(filter, i);
			if (isfiltered == -1) {
				PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
				                "unable to check filter");
				goto bail;
			}

			if (isfiltered) {
				nothead[i] = 1;
				continue;
			}
		}

		if (index_get_parents(self, i, parents, (int)len - 1) < 0)
			goto bail;
		for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
			if (parents[j] >= 0)
				nothead[parents[j]] = 1;
		}
	}

	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
		PyObject *head;

		if (nothead[i])
			continue;
		head = PyInt_FromSsize_t(i);
		if (head == NULL || PyList_Append(heads, head) == -1) {
			Py_XDECREF(head);
			goto bail;
		}
	}

done:
	self->headrevs = heads;
	Py_XDECREF(filter);
	free(nothead);
	return list_copy(self->headrevs);
bail:
	Py_XDECREF(filter);
	Py_XDECREF(heads);
	free(nothead);
	return NULL;
}

/**
 * Obtain the base revision index entry.
 *
 * Callers must ensure that rev >= 0 or illegal memory access may occur.
 */
static inline int index_baserev(indexObject *self, int rev)
{
	const char *data;
	int result;

	if (rev >= self->length) {
		PyObject *tuple =
		    PyList_GET_ITEM(self->added, rev - self->length);
		long ret;
		if (!pylong_to_long(PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, 3), &ret)) {
			return -2;
		}
		result = (int)ret;
	} else {
		data = index_deref(self, rev);
		if (data == NULL) {
			return -2;
		}

		result = getbe32(data + 16);
	}
	if (result > rev) {
		PyErr_Format(
		    PyExc_ValueError,
		    "corrupted revlog, revision base above revision: %d, %d",
		    rev, result);
		return -2;
	}
	if (result < -1) {
		PyErr_Format(
		    PyExc_ValueError,
		    "corrupted revlog, revision base out of range: %d, %d", rev,
		    result);
		return -2;
	}
	return result;
}

/**
 * Find if a revision is a snapshot or not
 *
 * Only relevant for sparse-revlog case.
 * Callers must ensure that rev is in a valid range.
 */
static int index_issnapshotrev(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t rev)
{
	int ps[2];
	Py_ssize_t base;
	while (rev >= 0) {
		base = (Py_ssize_t)index_baserev(self, rev);
		if (base == rev) {
			base = -1;
		}
		if (base == -2) {
			assert(PyErr_Occurred());
			return -1;
		}
		if (base == -1) {
			return 1;
		}
		if (index_get_parents(self, rev, ps, (int)rev) < 0) {
			assert(PyErr_Occurred());
			return -1;
		};
		if (base == ps[0] || base == ps[1]) {
			return 0;
		}
		rev = base;
	}
	return rev == -1;
}

static PyObject *index_issnapshot(indexObject *self, PyObject *value)
{
	long rev;
	int issnap;
	Py_ssize_t length = index_length(self);

	if (!pylong_to_long(value, &rev)) {
		return NULL;
	}
	if (rev < -1 || rev >= length) {
		PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "revlog index out of range: %ld",
		             rev);
		return NULL;
	};
	issnap = index_issnapshotrev(self, (Py_ssize_t)rev);
	if (issnap < 0) {
		return NULL;
	};
	return PyBool_FromLong((long)issnap);
}

static PyObject *index_findsnapshots(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	Py_ssize_t start_rev;
	PyObject *cache;
	Py_ssize_t base;
	Py_ssize_t rev;
	PyObject *key = NULL;
	PyObject *value = NULL;
	const Py_ssize_t length = index_length(self);
	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!n", &PyDict_Type, &cache, &start_rev)) {
		return NULL;
	}
	for (rev = start_rev; rev < length; rev++) {
		int issnap;
		PyObject *allvalues = NULL;
		issnap = index_issnapshotrev(self, rev);
		if (issnap < 0) {
			goto bail;
		}
		if (issnap == 0) {
			continue;
		}
		base = (Py_ssize_t)index_baserev(self, rev);
		if (base == rev) {
			base = -1;
		}
		if (base == -2) {
			assert(PyErr_Occurred());
			goto bail;
		}
		key = PyInt_FromSsize_t(base);
		allvalues = PyDict_GetItem(cache, key);
		if (allvalues == NULL && PyErr_Occurred()) {
			goto bail;
		}
		if (allvalues == NULL) {
			int r;
			allvalues = PyList_New(0);
			if (!allvalues) {
				goto bail;
			}
			r = PyDict_SetItem(cache, key, allvalues);
			Py_DECREF(allvalues);
			if (r < 0) {
				goto bail;
			}
		}
		value = PyInt_FromSsize_t(rev);
		if (PyList_Append(allvalues, value)) {
			goto bail;
		}
		Py_CLEAR(key);
		Py_CLEAR(value);
	}
	Py_RETURN_NONE;
bail:
	Py_XDECREF(key);
	Py_XDECREF(value);
	return NULL;
}

static PyObject *index_deltachain(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	int rev, generaldelta;
	PyObject *stoparg;
	int stoprev, iterrev, baserev = -1;
	int stopped;
	PyObject *chain = NULL, *result = NULL;
	const Py_ssize_t length = index_length(self);

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "iOi", &rev, &stoparg, &generaldelta)) {
		return NULL;
	}

	if (PyInt_Check(stoparg)) {
		stoprev = (int)PyInt_AsLong(stoparg);
		if (stoprev == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
			return NULL;
		}
	} else if (stoparg == Py_None) {
		stoprev = -2;
	} else {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
		                "stoprev must be integer or None");
		return NULL;
	}

	if (rev < 0 || rev >= length) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "revlog index out of range");
		return NULL;
	}

	chain = PyList_New(0);
	if (chain == NULL) {
		return NULL;
	}

	baserev = index_baserev(self, rev);

	/* This should never happen. */
	if (baserev <= -2) {
		/* Error should be set by index_deref() */
		assert(PyErr_Occurred());
		goto bail;
	}

	iterrev = rev;

	while (iterrev != baserev && iterrev != stoprev) {
		PyObject *value = PyInt_FromLong(iterrev);
		if (value == NULL) {
			goto bail;
		}
		if (PyList_Append(chain, value)) {
			Py_DECREF(value);
			goto bail;
		}
		Py_DECREF(value);

		if (generaldelta) {
			iterrev = baserev;
		} else {
			iterrev--;
		}

		if (iterrev < 0) {
			break;
		}

		if (iterrev >= length) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError,
			                "revision outside index");
			return NULL;
		}

		baserev = index_baserev(self, iterrev);

		/* This should never happen. */
		if (baserev <= -2) {
			/* Error should be set by index_deref() */
			assert(PyErr_Occurred());
			goto bail;
		}
	}

	if (iterrev == stoprev) {
		stopped = 1;
	} else {
		PyObject *value = PyInt_FromLong(iterrev);
		if (value == NULL) {
			goto bail;
		}
		if (PyList_Append(chain, value)) {
			Py_DECREF(value);
			goto bail;
		}
		Py_DECREF(value);

		stopped = 0;
	}

	if (PyList_Reverse(chain)) {
		goto bail;
	}

	result = Py_BuildValue("OO", chain, stopped ? Py_True : Py_False);
	Py_DECREF(chain);
	return result;

bail:
	Py_DECREF(chain);
	return NULL;
}

static inline int64_t
index_segment_span(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t start_rev, Py_ssize_t end_rev)
{
	int64_t start_offset;
	int64_t end_offset;
	int end_size;
	start_offset = index_get_start(self, start_rev);
	if (start_offset < 0) {
		return -1;
	}
	end_offset = index_get_start(self, end_rev);
	if (end_offset < 0) {
		return -1;
	}
	end_size = index_get_length(self, end_rev);
	if (end_size < 0) {
		return -1;
	}
	if (end_offset < start_offset) {
		PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
		             "corrupted revlog index: inconsistent offset "
		             "between revisions (%zd) and (%zd)",
		             start_rev, end_rev);
		return -1;
	}
	return (end_offset - start_offset) + (int64_t)end_size;
}

/* returns endidx so that revs[startidx:endidx] has no empty trailing revs */
static Py_ssize_t trim_endidx(indexObject *self, const Py_ssize_t *revs,
                              Py_ssize_t startidx, Py_ssize_t endidx)
{
	int length;
	while (endidx > 1 && endidx > startidx) {
		length = index_get_length(self, revs[endidx - 1]);
		if (length < 0) {
			return -1;
		}
		if (length != 0) {
			break;
		}
		endidx -= 1;
	}
	return endidx;
}

struct Gap {
	int64_t size;
	Py_ssize_t idx;
};

static int gap_compare(const void *left, const void *right)
{
	const struct Gap *l_left = ((const struct Gap *)left);
	const struct Gap *l_right = ((const struct Gap *)right);
	if (l_left->size < l_right->size) {
		return -1;
	} else if (l_left->size > l_right->size) {
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}
static int Py_ssize_t_compare(const void *left, const void *right)
{
	const Py_ssize_t l_left = *(const Py_ssize_t *)left;
	const Py_ssize_t l_right = *(const Py_ssize_t *)right;
	if (l_left < l_right) {
		return -1;
	} else if (l_left > l_right) {
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static PyObject *index_slicechunktodensity(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	/* method arguments */
	PyObject *list_revs = NULL; /* revisions in the chain */
	double targetdensity = 0;   /* min density to achieve */
	Py_ssize_t mingapsize = 0;  /* threshold to ignore gaps */

	/* other core variables */
	Py_ssize_t idxlen = index_length(self);
	Py_ssize_t i;            /* used for various iteration */
	PyObject *result = NULL; /* the final return of the function */

	/* generic information about the delta chain being slice */
	Py_ssize_t num_revs = 0;    /* size of the full delta chain */
	Py_ssize_t *revs = NULL;    /* native array of revision in the chain */
	int64_t chainpayload = 0;   /* sum of all delta in the chain */
	int64_t deltachainspan = 0; /* distance from first byte to last byte */

	/* variable used for slicing the delta chain */
	int64_t readdata = 0; /* amount of data currently planned to be read */
	double density = 0;   /* ration of payload data compared to read ones */
	int64_t previous_end;
	struct Gap *gaps = NULL; /* array of notable gap in the chain */
	Py_ssize_t num_gaps =
	    0; /* total number of notable gap recorded so far */
	Py_ssize_t *selected_indices = NULL; /* indices of gap skipped over */
	Py_ssize_t num_selected = 0;         /* number of gaps skipped */
	PyObject *chunk = NULL;              /* individual slice */
	PyObject *allchunks = NULL;          /* all slices */
	Py_ssize_t previdx;

	/* parsing argument */
	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!dn", &PyList_Type, &list_revs,
	                      &targetdensity, &mingapsize)) {
		goto bail;
	}

	/* If the delta chain contains a single element, we do not need slicing
	 */
	num_revs = PyList_GET_SIZE(list_revs);
	if (num_revs <= 1) {
		result = PyTuple_Pack(1, list_revs);
		goto done;
	}

	/* Turn the python list into a native integer array (for efficiency) */
	revs = (Py_ssize_t *)calloc(num_revs, sizeof(Py_ssize_t));
	if (revs == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}
	for (i = 0; i < num_revs; i++) {
		Py_ssize_t revnum = PyInt_AsLong(PyList_GET_ITEM(list_revs, i));
		if (revnum == -1 && PyErr_Occurred()) {
			goto bail;
		}
		if (revnum < nullrev || revnum >= idxlen) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_IndexError,
			             "index out of range: %zd", revnum);
			goto bail;
		}
		revs[i] = revnum;
	}

	/* Compute and check various property of the unsliced delta chain */
	deltachainspan = index_segment_span(self, revs[0], revs[num_revs - 1]);
	if (deltachainspan < 0) {
		goto bail;
	}

	if (deltachainspan <= mingapsize) {
		result = PyTuple_Pack(1, list_revs);
		goto done;
	}
	chainpayload = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < num_revs; i++) {
		int tmp = index_get_length(self, revs[i]);
		if (tmp < 0) {
			goto bail;
		}
		chainpayload += tmp;
	}

	readdata = deltachainspan;
	density = 1.0;

	if (0 < deltachainspan) {
		density = (double)chainpayload / (double)deltachainspan;
	}

	if (density >= targetdensity) {
		result = PyTuple_Pack(1, list_revs);
		goto done;
	}

	/* if chain is too sparse, look for relevant gaps */
	gaps = (struct Gap *)calloc(num_revs, sizeof(struct Gap));
	if (gaps == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}

	previous_end = -1;
	for (i = 0; i < num_revs; i++) {
		int64_t revstart;
		int revsize;
		revstart = index_get_start(self, revs[i]);
		if (revstart < 0) {
			goto bail;
		};
		revsize = index_get_length(self, revs[i]);
		if (revsize < 0) {
			goto bail;
		};
		if (revsize == 0) {
			continue;
		}
		if (previous_end >= 0) {
			int64_t gapsize = revstart - previous_end;
			if (gapsize > mingapsize) {
				gaps[num_gaps].size = gapsize;
				gaps[num_gaps].idx = i;
				num_gaps += 1;
			}
		}
		previous_end = revstart + revsize;
	}
	if (num_gaps == 0) {
		result = PyTuple_Pack(1, list_revs);
		goto done;
	}
	qsort(gaps, num_gaps, sizeof(struct Gap), &gap_compare);

	/* Slice the largest gap first, they improve the density the most */
	selected_indices =
	    (Py_ssize_t *)malloc((num_gaps + 1) * sizeof(Py_ssize_t));
	if (selected_indices == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}

	for (i = num_gaps - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
		selected_indices[num_selected] = gaps[i].idx;
		readdata -= gaps[i].size;
		num_selected += 1;
		if (readdata <= 0) {
			density = 1.0;
		} else {
			density = (double)chainpayload / (double)readdata;
		}
		if (density >= targetdensity) {
			break;
		}
	}
	qsort(selected_indices, num_selected, sizeof(Py_ssize_t),
	      &Py_ssize_t_compare);

	/* create the resulting slice */
	allchunks = PyList_New(0);
	if (allchunks == NULL) {
		goto bail;
	}
	previdx = 0;
	selected_indices[num_selected] = num_revs;
	for (i = 0; i <= num_selected; i++) {
		Py_ssize_t idx = selected_indices[i];
		Py_ssize_t endidx = trim_endidx(self, revs, previdx, idx);
		if (endidx < 0) {
			goto bail;
		}
		if (previdx < endidx) {
			chunk = PyList_GetSlice(list_revs, previdx, endidx);
			if (chunk == NULL) {
				goto bail;
			}
			if (PyList_Append(allchunks, chunk) == -1) {
				goto bail;
			}
			Py_DECREF(chunk);
			chunk = NULL;
		}
		previdx = idx;
	}
	result = allchunks;
	goto done;

bail:
	Py_XDECREF(allchunks);
	Py_XDECREF(chunk);
done:
	free(revs);
	free(gaps);
	free(selected_indices);
	return result;
}

static inline int nt_level(const char *node, Py_ssize_t level)
{
	int v = node[level >> 1];
	if (!(level & 1))
		v >>= 4;
	return v & 0xf;
}

/*
 * Return values:
 *
 *   -4: match is ambiguous (multiple candidates)
 *   -2: not found
 * rest: valid rev
 */
static int nt_find(nodetree *self, const char *node, Py_ssize_t nodelen,
                   int hex)
{
	int (*getnybble)(const char *, Py_ssize_t) = hex ? hexdigit : nt_level;
	int level, maxlevel, off;

	if (nodelen == 20 && node[0] == '\0' && memcmp(node, nullid, 20) == 0)
		return -1;

	if (hex)
		maxlevel = nodelen > 40 ? 40 : (int)nodelen;
	else
		maxlevel = nodelen > 20 ? 40 : ((int)nodelen * 2);

	for (level = off = 0; level < maxlevel; level++) {
		int k = getnybble(node, level);
		nodetreenode *n = &self->nodes[off];
		int v = n->children[k];

		if (v < 0) {
			const char *n;
			Py_ssize_t i;

			v = -(v + 2);
			n = index_node(self->index, v);
			if (n == NULL)
				return -2;
			for (i = level; i < maxlevel; i++)
				if (getnybble(node, i) != nt_level(n, i))
					return -2;
			return v;
		}
		if (v == 0)
			return -2;
		off = v;
	}
	/* multiple matches against an ambiguous prefix */
	return -4;
}

static int nt_new(nodetree *self)
{
	if (self->length == self->capacity) {
		unsigned newcapacity;
		nodetreenode *newnodes;
		newcapacity = self->capacity * 2;
		if (newcapacity >= INT_MAX / sizeof(nodetreenode)) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError,
			                "overflow in nt_new");
			return -1;
		}
		newnodes =
		    realloc(self->nodes, newcapacity * sizeof(nodetreenode));
		if (newnodes == NULL) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError, "out of memory");
			return -1;
		}
		self->capacity = newcapacity;
		self->nodes = newnodes;
		memset(&self->nodes[self->length], 0,
		       sizeof(nodetreenode) * (self->capacity - self->length));
	}
	return self->length++;
}

static int nt_insert(nodetree *self, const char *node, int rev)
{
	int level = 0;
	int off = 0;

	while (level < 40) {
		int k = nt_level(node, level);
		nodetreenode *n;
		int v;

		n = &self->nodes[off];
		v = n->children[k];

		if (v == 0) {
			n->children[k] = -rev - 2;
			return 0;
		}
		if (v < 0) {
			const char *oldnode =
			    index_node_existing(self->index, -(v + 2));
			int noff;

			if (oldnode == NULL)
				return -1;
			if (!memcmp(oldnode, node, 20)) {
				n->children[k] = -rev - 2;
				return 0;
			}
			noff = nt_new(self);
			if (noff == -1)
				return -1;
			/* self->nodes may have been changed by realloc */
			self->nodes[off].children[k] = noff;
			off = noff;
			n = &self->nodes[off];
			n->children[nt_level(oldnode, ++level)] = v;
			if (level > self->depth)
				self->depth = level;
			self->splits += 1;
		} else {
			level += 1;
			off = v;
		}
	}

	return -1;
}

static PyObject *ntobj_insert(nodetreeObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	Py_ssize_t rev;
	const char *node;
	Py_ssize_t length;
	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "n", &rev))
		return NULL;
	length = index_length(self->nt.index);
	if (rev < 0 || rev >= length) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "revlog index out of range");
		return NULL;
	}
	node = index_node_existing(self->nt.index, rev);
	if (nt_insert(&self->nt, node, (int)rev) == -1)
		return NULL;
	Py_RETURN_NONE;
}

static int nt_delete_node(nodetree *self, const char *node)
{
	/* rev==-2 happens to get encoded as 0, which is interpreted as not set
	 */
	return nt_insert(self, node, -2);
}

static int nt_init(nodetree *self, indexObject *index, unsigned capacity)
{
	/* Initialize before overflow-checking to avoid nt_dealloc() crash. */
	self->nodes = NULL;

	self->index = index;
	/* The input capacity is in terms of revisions, while the field is in
	 * terms of nodetree nodes. */
	self->capacity = (capacity < 4 ? 4 : capacity / 2);
	self->depth = 0;
	self->splits = 0;
	if ((size_t)self->capacity > INT_MAX / sizeof(nodetreenode)) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "overflow in init_nt");
		return -1;
	}
	self->nodes = calloc(self->capacity, sizeof(nodetreenode));
	if (self->nodes == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		return -1;
	}
	self->length = 1;
	return 0;
}

static int ntobj_init(nodetreeObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *index;
	unsigned capacity;
	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!I", &HgRevlogIndex_Type, &index,
	                      &capacity))
		return -1;
	Py_INCREF(index);
	return nt_init(&self->nt, (indexObject *)index, capacity);
}

static int nt_partialmatch(nodetree *self, const char *node, Py_ssize_t nodelen)
{
	return nt_find(self, node, nodelen, 1);
}

/*
 * Find the length of the shortest unique prefix of node.
 *
 * Return values:
 *
 *   -3: error (exception set)
 *   -2: not found (no exception set)
 * rest: length of shortest prefix
 */
static int nt_shortest(nodetree *self, const char *node)
{
	int level, off;

	for (level = off = 0; level < 40; level++) {
		int k, v;
		nodetreenode *n = &self->nodes[off];
		k = nt_level(node, level);
		v = n->children[k];
		if (v < 0) {
			const char *n;
			v = -(v + 2);
			n = index_node_existing(self->index, v);
			if (n == NULL)
				return -3;
			if (memcmp(node, n, 20) != 0)
				/*
				 * Found a unique prefix, but it wasn't for the
				 * requested node (i.e the requested node does
				 * not exist).
				 */
				return -2;
			return level + 1;
		}
		if (v == 0)
			return -2;
		off = v;
	}
	/*
	 * The node was still not unique after 40 hex digits, so this won't
	 * happen. Also, if we get here, then there's a programming error in
	 * this file that made us insert a node longer than 40 hex digits.
	 */
	PyErr_SetString(PyExc_Exception, "broken node tree");
	return -3;
}

static PyObject *ntobj_shortest(nodetreeObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *val;
	char *node;
	int length;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &val))
		return NULL;
	if (node_check(val, &node) == -1)
		return NULL;

	length = nt_shortest(&self->nt, node);
	if (length == -3)
		return NULL;
	if (length == -2) {
		raise_revlog_error();
		return NULL;
	}
	return PyInt_FromLong(length);
}

static void nt_dealloc(nodetree *self)
{
	free(self->nodes);
	self->nodes = NULL;
}

static void ntobj_dealloc(nodetreeObject *self)
{
	Py_XDECREF(self->nt.index);
	nt_dealloc(&self->nt);
	PyObject_Del(self);
}

static PyMethodDef ntobj_methods[] = {
    {"insert", (PyCFunction)ntobj_insert, METH_VARARGS,
     "insert an index entry"},
    {"shortest", (PyCFunction)ntobj_shortest, METH_VARARGS,
     "find length of shortest hex nodeid of a binary ID"},
    {NULL} /* Sentinel */
};

static PyTypeObject nodetreeType = {
    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0) /* header */
    "parsers.nodetree",            /* tp_name */
    sizeof(nodetreeObject),        /* tp_basicsize */
    0,                             /* tp_itemsize */
    (destructor)ntobj_dealloc,     /* tp_dealloc */
    0,                             /* tp_print */
    0,                             /* tp_getattr */
    0,                             /* tp_setattr */
    0,                             /* tp_compare */
    0,                             /* tp_repr */
    0,                             /* tp_as_number */
    0,                             /* tp_as_sequence */
    0,                             /* tp_as_mapping */
    0,                             /* tp_hash */
    0,                             /* tp_call */
    0,                             /* tp_str */
    0,                             /* tp_getattro */
    0,                             /* tp_setattro */
    0,                             /* tp_as_buffer */
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,            /* tp_flags */
    "nodetree",                    /* tp_doc */
    0,                             /* tp_traverse */
    0,                             /* tp_clear */
    0,                             /* tp_richcompare */
    0,                             /* tp_weaklistoffset */
    0,                             /* tp_iter */
    0,                             /* tp_iternext */
    ntobj_methods,                 /* tp_methods */
    0,                             /* tp_members */
    0,                             /* tp_getset */
    0,                             /* tp_base */
    0,                             /* tp_dict */
    0,                             /* tp_descr_get */
    0,                             /* tp_descr_set */
    0,                             /* tp_dictoffset */
    (initproc)ntobj_init,          /* tp_init */
    0,                             /* tp_alloc */
};

static int index_init_nt(indexObject *self)
{
	if (!self->ntinitialized) {
		if (nt_init(&self->nt, self, (int)self->raw_length) == -1) {
			nt_dealloc(&self->nt);
			return -1;
		}
		if (nt_insert(&self->nt, nullid, -1) == -1) {
			nt_dealloc(&self->nt);
			return -1;
		}
		self->ntinitialized = 1;
		self->ntrev = (int)index_length(self);
		self->ntlookups = 1;
		self->ntmisses = 0;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Return values:
 *
 *   -3: error (exception set)
 *   -2: not found (no exception set)
 * rest: valid rev
 */
static int index_find_node(indexObject *self, const char *node,
                           Py_ssize_t nodelen)
{
	int rev;

	if (index_init_nt(self) == -1)
		return -3;

	self->ntlookups++;
	rev = nt_find(&self->nt, node, nodelen, 0);
	if (rev >= -1)
		return rev;

	/*
	 * For the first handful of lookups, we scan the entire index,
	 * and cache only the matching nodes. This optimizes for cases
	 * like "hg tip", where only a few nodes are accessed.
	 *
	 * After that, we cache every node we visit, using a single
	 * scan amortized over multiple lookups.  This gives the best
	 * bulk performance, e.g. for "hg log".
	 */
	if (self->ntmisses++ < 4) {
		for (rev = self->ntrev - 1; rev >= 0; rev--) {
			const char *n = index_node_existing(self, rev);
			if (n == NULL)
				return -3;
			if (memcmp(node, n, nodelen > 20 ? 20 : nodelen) == 0) {
				if (nt_insert(&self->nt, n, rev) == -1)
					return -3;
				break;
			}
		}
	} else {
		for (rev = self->ntrev - 1; rev >= 0; rev--) {
			const char *n = index_node_existing(self, rev);
			if (n == NULL)
				return -3;
			if (nt_insert(&self->nt, n, rev) == -1) {
				self->ntrev = rev + 1;
				return -3;
			}
			if (memcmp(node, n, nodelen > 20 ? 20 : nodelen) == 0) {
				break;
			}
		}
		self->ntrev = rev;
	}

	if (rev >= 0)
		return rev;
	return -2;
}

static PyObject *index_getitem(indexObject *self, PyObject *value)
{
	char *node;
	int rev;

	if (PyInt_Check(value)) {
		long idx;
		if (!pylong_to_long(value, &idx)) {
			return NULL;
		}
		return index_get(self, idx);
	}

	if (node_check(value, &node) == -1)
		return NULL;
	rev = index_find_node(self, node, 20);
	if (rev >= -1)
		return PyInt_FromLong(rev);
	if (rev == -2)
		raise_revlog_error();
	return NULL;
}

/*
 * Fully populate the radix tree.
 */
static int index_populate_nt(indexObject *self)
{
	int rev;
	if (self->ntrev > 0) {
		for (rev = self->ntrev - 1; rev >= 0; rev--) {
			const char *n = index_node_existing(self, rev);
			if (n == NULL)
				return -1;
			if (nt_insert(&self->nt, n, rev) == -1)
				return -1;
		}
		self->ntrev = -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static PyObject *index_partialmatch(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	const char *fullnode;
	Py_ssize_t nodelen;
	char *node;
	int rev, i;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, PY23("s#", "y#"), &node, &nodelen))
		return NULL;

	if (nodelen < 1) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "key too short");
		return NULL;
	}

	if (nodelen > 40) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "key too long");
		return NULL;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < nodelen; i++)
		hexdigit(node, i);
	if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
		/* input contains non-hex characters */
		PyErr_Clear();
		Py_RETURN_NONE;
	}

	if (index_init_nt(self) == -1)
		return NULL;
	if (index_populate_nt(self) == -1)
		return NULL;
	rev = nt_partialmatch(&self->nt, node, nodelen);

	switch (rev) {
	case -4:
		raise_revlog_error();
		return NULL;
	case -2:
		Py_RETURN_NONE;
	case -1:
		return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(nullid, 20);
	}

	fullnode = index_node_existing(self, rev);
	if (fullnode == NULL) {
		return NULL;
	}
	return PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(fullnode, 20);
}

static PyObject *index_shortest(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *val;
	char *node;
	int length;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &val))
		return NULL;
	if (node_check(val, &node) == -1)
		return NULL;

	self->ntlookups++;
	if (index_init_nt(self) == -1)
		return NULL;
	if (index_populate_nt(self) == -1)
		return NULL;
	length = nt_shortest(&self->nt, node);
	if (length == -3)
		return NULL;
	if (length == -2) {
		raise_revlog_error();
		return NULL;
	}
	return PyInt_FromLong(length);
}

static PyObject *index_m_get(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *val;
	char *node;
	int rev;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &val))
		return NULL;
	if (node_check(val, &node) == -1)
		return NULL;
	rev = index_find_node(self, node, 20);
	if (rev == -3)
		return NULL;
	if (rev == -2)
		Py_RETURN_NONE;
	return PyInt_FromLong(rev);
}

static int index_contains(indexObject *self, PyObject *value)
{
	char *node;

	if (PyInt_Check(value)) {
		long rev;
		if (!pylong_to_long(value, &rev)) {
			return -1;
		}
		return rev >= -1 && rev < index_length(self);
	}

	if (node_check(value, &node) == -1)
		return -1;

	switch (index_find_node(self, node, 20)) {
	case -3:
		return -1;
	case -2:
		return 0;
	default:
		return 1;
	}
}

static PyObject *index_m_has_node(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	int ret = index_contains(self, args);
	if (ret < 0)
		return NULL;
	return PyBool_FromLong((long)ret);
}

static PyObject *index_m_rev(indexObject *self, PyObject *val)
{
	char *node;
	int rev;

	if (node_check(val, &node) == -1)
		return NULL;
	rev = index_find_node(self, node, 20);
	if (rev >= -1)
		return PyInt_FromLong(rev);
	if (rev == -2)
		raise_revlog_error();
	return NULL;
}

typedef uint64_t bitmask;

/*
 * Given a disjoint set of revs, return all candidates for the
 * greatest common ancestor. In revset notation, this is the set
 * "heads(::a and ::b and ...)"
 */
static PyObject *find_gca_candidates(indexObject *self, const int *revs,
                                     int revcount)
{
	const bitmask allseen = (1ull << revcount) - 1;
	const bitmask poison = 1ull << revcount;
	PyObject *gca = PyList_New(0);
	int i, v, interesting;
	int maxrev = -1;
	bitmask sp;
	bitmask *seen;

	if (gca == NULL)
		return PyErr_NoMemory();

	for (i = 0; i < revcount; i++) {
		if (revs[i] > maxrev)
			maxrev = revs[i];
	}

	seen = calloc(sizeof(*seen), maxrev + 1);
	if (seen == NULL) {
		Py_DECREF(gca);
		return PyErr_NoMemory();
	}

	for (i = 0; i < revcount; i++)
		seen[revs[i]] = 1ull << i;

	interesting = revcount;

	for (v = maxrev; v >= 0 && interesting; v--) {
		bitmask sv = seen[v];
		int parents[2];

		if (!sv)
			continue;

		if (sv < poison) {
			interesting -= 1;
			if (sv == allseen) {
				PyObject *obj = PyInt_FromLong(v);
				if (obj == NULL)
					goto bail;
				if (PyList_Append(gca, obj) == -1) {
					Py_DECREF(obj);
					goto bail;
				}
				sv |= poison;
				for (i = 0; i < revcount; i++) {
					if (revs[i] == v)
						goto done;
				}
			}
		}
		if (index_get_parents(self, v, parents, maxrev) < 0)
			goto bail;

		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
			int p = parents[i];
			if (p == -1)
				continue;
			sp = seen[p];
			if (sv < poison) {
				if (sp == 0) {
					seen[p] = sv;
					interesting++;
				} else if (sp != sv)
					seen[p] |= sv;
			} else {
				if (sp && sp < poison)
					interesting--;
				seen[p] = sv;
			}
		}
	}

done:
	free(seen);
	return gca;
bail:
	free(seen);
	Py_XDECREF(gca);
	return NULL;
}

/*
 * Given a disjoint set of revs, return the subset with the longest
 * path to the root.
 */
static PyObject *find_deepest(indexObject *self, PyObject *revs)
{
	const Py_ssize_t revcount = PyList_GET_SIZE(revs);
	static const Py_ssize_t capacity = 24;
	int *depth, *interesting = NULL;
	int i, j, v, ninteresting;
	PyObject *dict = NULL, *keys = NULL;
	long *seen = NULL;
	int maxrev = -1;
	long final;

	if (revcount > capacity) {
		PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
		             "bitset size (%ld) > capacity (%ld)",
		             (long)revcount, (long)capacity);
		return NULL;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < revcount; i++) {
		int n = (int)PyInt_AsLong(PyList_GET_ITEM(revs, i));
		if (n > maxrev)
			maxrev = n;
	}

	depth = calloc(sizeof(*depth), maxrev + 1);
	if (depth == NULL)
		return PyErr_NoMemory();

	seen = calloc(sizeof(*seen), maxrev + 1);
	if (seen == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}

	interesting = calloc(sizeof(*interesting), ((size_t)1) << revcount);
	if (interesting == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}

	if (PyList_Sort(revs) == -1)
		goto bail;

	for (i = 0; i < revcount; i++) {
		int n = (int)PyInt_AsLong(PyList_GET_ITEM(revs, i));
		long b = 1l << i;
		depth[n] = 1;
		seen[n] = b;
		interesting[b] = 1;
	}

	/* invariant: ninteresting is the number of non-zero entries in
	 * interesting. */
	ninteresting = (int)revcount;

	for (v = maxrev; v >= 0 && ninteresting > 1; v--) {
		int dv = depth[v];
		int parents[2];
		long sv;

		if (dv == 0)
			continue;

		sv = seen[v];
		if (index_get_parents(self, v, parents, maxrev) < 0)
			goto bail;

		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
			int p = parents[i];
			long sp;
			int dp;

			if (p == -1)
				continue;

			dp = depth[p];
			sp = seen[p];
			if (dp <= dv) {
				depth[p] = dv + 1;
				if (sp != sv) {
					interesting[sv] += 1;
					seen[p] = sv;
					if (sp) {
						interesting[sp] -= 1;
						if (interesting[sp] == 0)
							ninteresting -= 1;
					}
				}
			} else if (dv == dp - 1) {
				long nsp = sp | sv;
				if (nsp == sp)
					continue;
				seen[p] = nsp;
				interesting[sp] -= 1;
				if (interesting[sp] == 0)
					ninteresting -= 1;
				if (interesting[nsp] == 0)
					ninteresting += 1;
				interesting[nsp] += 1;
			}
		}
		interesting[sv] -= 1;
		if (interesting[sv] == 0)
			ninteresting -= 1;
	}

	final = 0;
	j = ninteresting;
	for (i = 0; i < (int)(2 << revcount) && j > 0; i++) {
		if (interesting[i] == 0)
			continue;
		final |= i;
		j -= 1;
	}
	if (final == 0) {
		keys = PyList_New(0);
		goto bail;
	}

	dict = PyDict_New();
	if (dict == NULL)
		goto bail;

	for (i = 0; i < revcount; i++) {
		PyObject *key;

		if ((final & (1 << i)) == 0)
			continue;

		key = PyList_GET_ITEM(revs, i);
		Py_INCREF(key);
		Py_INCREF(Py_None);
		if (PyDict_SetItem(dict, key, Py_None) == -1) {
			Py_DECREF(key);
			Py_DECREF(Py_None);
			goto bail;
		}
	}

	keys = PyDict_Keys(dict);

bail:
	free(depth);
	free(seen);
	free(interesting);
	Py_XDECREF(dict);

	return keys;
}

/*
 * Given a (possibly overlapping) set of revs, return all the
 * common ancestors heads: heads(::args[0] and ::a[1] and ...)
 */
static PyObject *index_commonancestorsheads(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *ret = NULL;
	Py_ssize_t argcount, i, len;
	bitmask repeat = 0;
	int revcount = 0;
	int *revs;

	argcount = PySequence_Length(args);
	revs = PyMem_Malloc(argcount * sizeof(*revs));
	if (argcount > 0 && revs == NULL)
		return PyErr_NoMemory();
	len = index_length(self);

	for (i = 0; i < argcount; i++) {
		static const int capacity = 24;
		PyObject *obj = PySequence_GetItem(args, i);
		bitmask x;
		long val;

		if (!PyInt_Check(obj)) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
			                "arguments must all be ints");
			Py_DECREF(obj);
			goto bail;
		}
		val = PyInt_AsLong(obj);
		Py_DECREF(obj);
		if (val == -1) {
			ret = PyList_New(0);
			goto done;
		}
		if (val < 0 || val >= len) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "index out of range");
			goto bail;
		}
		/* this cheesy bloom filter lets us avoid some more
		 * expensive duplicate checks in the common set-is-disjoint
		 * case */
		x = 1ull << (val & 0x3f);
		if (repeat & x) {
			int k;
			for (k = 0; k < revcount; k++) {
				if (val == revs[k])
					goto duplicate;
			}
		} else
			repeat |= x;
		if (revcount >= capacity) {
			PyErr_Format(PyExc_OverflowError,
			             "bitset size (%d) > capacity (%d)",
			             revcount, capacity);
			goto bail;
		}
		revs[revcount++] = (int)val;
	duplicate:;
	}

	if (revcount == 0) {
		ret = PyList_New(0);
		goto done;
	}
	if (revcount == 1) {
		PyObject *obj;
		ret = PyList_New(1);
		if (ret == NULL)
			goto bail;
		obj = PyInt_FromLong(revs[0]);
		if (obj == NULL)
			goto bail;
		PyList_SET_ITEM(ret, 0, obj);
		goto done;
	}

	ret = find_gca_candidates(self, revs, revcount);
	if (ret == NULL)
		goto bail;

done:
	PyMem_Free(revs);
	return ret;

bail:
	PyMem_Free(revs);
	Py_XDECREF(ret);
	return NULL;
}

/*
 * Given a (possibly overlapping) set of revs, return the greatest
 * common ancestors: those with the longest path to the root.
 */
static PyObject *index_ancestors(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *ret;
	PyObject *gca = index_commonancestorsheads(self, args);
	if (gca == NULL)
		return NULL;

	if (PyList_GET_SIZE(gca) <= 1) {
		return gca;
	}

	ret = find_deepest(self, gca);
	Py_DECREF(gca);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Invalidate any trie entries introduced by added revs.
 */
static void index_invalidate_added(indexObject *self, Py_ssize_t start)
{
	Py_ssize_t i, len = PyList_GET_SIZE(self->added);

	for (i = start; i < len; i++) {
		PyObject *tuple = PyList_GET_ITEM(self->added, i);
		PyObject *node = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, 7);

		nt_delete_node(&self->nt, PyBytes_AS_STRING(node));
	}

	if (start == 0)
		Py_CLEAR(self->added);
}

/*
 * Delete a numeric range of revs, which must be at the end of the
 * range.
 */
static int index_slice_del(indexObject *self, PyObject *item)
{
	Py_ssize_t start, stop, step, slicelength;
	Py_ssize_t length = index_length(self) + 1;
	int ret = 0;

/* Argument changed from PySliceObject* to PyObject* in Python 3. */
#ifdef IS_PY3K
	if (PySlice_GetIndicesEx(item, length, &start, &stop, &step,
	                         &slicelength) < 0)
#else
	if (PySlice_GetIndicesEx((PySliceObject *)item, length, &start, &stop,
	                         &step, &slicelength) < 0)
#endif
		return -1;

	if (slicelength <= 0)
		return 0;

	if ((step < 0 && start < stop) || (step > 0 && start > stop))
		stop = start;

	if (step < 0) {
		stop = start + 1;
		start = stop + step * (slicelength - 1) - 1;
		step = -step;
	}

	if (step != 1) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
		                "revlog index delete requires step size of 1");
		return -1;
	}

	if (stop != length - 1) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError,
		                "revlog index deletion indices are invalid");
		return -1;
	}

	if (start < self->length) {
		if (self->ntinitialized) {
			Py_ssize_t i;

			for (i = start; i < self->length; i++) {
				const char *node = index_node_existing(self, i);
				if (node == NULL)
					return -1;

				nt_delete_node(&self->nt, node);
			}
			if (self->added)
				index_invalidate_added(self, 0);
			if (self->ntrev > start)
				self->ntrev = (int)start;
		} else if (self->added) {
			Py_CLEAR(self->added);
		}

		self->length = start;
		if (start < self->raw_length) {
			if (self->cache) {
				Py_ssize_t i;
				for (i = start; i < self->raw_length; i++)
					Py_CLEAR(self->cache[i]);
			}
			self->raw_length = start;
		}
		goto done;
	}

	if (self->ntinitialized) {
		index_invalidate_added(self, start - self->length);
		if (self->ntrev > start)
			self->ntrev = (int)start;
	}
	if (self->added)
		ret = PyList_SetSlice(self->added, start - self->length,
		                      PyList_GET_SIZE(self->added), NULL);
done:
	Py_CLEAR(self->headrevs);
	return ret;
}

/*
 * Supported ops:
 *
 * slice deletion
 * string assignment (extend node->rev mapping)
 * string deletion (shrink node->rev mapping)
 */
static int index_assign_subscript(indexObject *self, PyObject *item,
                                  PyObject *value)
{
	char *node;
	long rev;

	if (PySlice_Check(item) && value == NULL)
		return index_slice_del(self, item);

	if (node_check(item, &node) == -1)
		return -1;

	if (value == NULL)
		return self->ntinitialized ? nt_delete_node(&self->nt, node)
		                           : 0;
	rev = PyInt_AsLong(value);
	if (rev > INT_MAX || rev < 0) {
		if (!PyErr_Occurred())
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "rev out of range");
		return -1;
	}

	if (index_init_nt(self) == -1)
		return -1;
	return nt_insert(&self->nt, node, (int)rev);
}

/*
 * Find all RevlogNG entries in an index that has inline data. Update
 * the optional "offsets" table with those entries.
 */
static Py_ssize_t inline_scan(indexObject *self, const char **offsets)
{
	const char *data = (const char *)self->buf.buf;
	Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
	Py_ssize_t end = self->buf.len;
	long incr = v1_hdrsize;
	Py_ssize_t len = 0;

	while (pos + v1_hdrsize <= end && pos >= 0) {
		uint32_t comp_len;
		/* 3rd element of header is length of compressed inline data */
		comp_len = getbe32(data + pos + 8);
		incr = v1_hdrsize + comp_len;
		if (offsets)
			offsets[len] = data + pos;
		len++;
		pos += incr;
	}

	if (pos != end) {
		if (!PyErr_Occurred())
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "corrupt index file");
		return -1;
	}

	return len;
}

static int index_init(indexObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *data_obj, *inlined_obj;
	Py_ssize_t size;

	/* Initialize before argument-checking to avoid index_dealloc() crash.
	 */
	self->raw_length = 0;
	self->added = NULL;
	self->cache = NULL;
	self->data = NULL;
	memset(&self->buf, 0, sizeof(self->buf));
	self->headrevs = NULL;
	self->filteredrevs = Py_None;
	Py_INCREF(Py_None);
	self->ntinitialized = 0;
	self->offsets = NULL;

	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "OO", &data_obj, &inlined_obj))
		return -1;
	if (!PyObject_CheckBuffer(data_obj)) {
		PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
		                "data does not support buffer interface");
		return -1;
	}

	if (PyObject_GetBuffer(data_obj, &self->buf, PyBUF_SIMPLE) == -1)
		return -1;
	size = self->buf.len;

	self->inlined = inlined_obj && PyObject_IsTrue(inlined_obj);
	self->data = data_obj;

	self->ntlookups = self->ntmisses = 0;
	self->ntrev = -1;
	Py_INCREF(self->data);

	if (self->inlined) {
		Py_ssize_t len = inline_scan(self, NULL);
		if (len == -1)
			goto bail;
		self->raw_length = len;
		self->length = len;
	} else {
		if (size % v1_hdrsize) {
			PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "corrupt index file");
			goto bail;
		}
		self->raw_length = size / v1_hdrsize;
		self->length = self->raw_length;
	}

	return 0;
bail:
	return -1;
}

static PyObject *index_nodemap(indexObject *self)
{
	Py_INCREF(self);
	return (PyObject *)self;
}

static void _index_clearcaches(indexObject *self)
{
	if (self->cache) {
		Py_ssize_t i;

		for (i = 0; i < self->raw_length; i++)
			Py_CLEAR(self->cache[i]);
		free(self->cache);
		self->cache = NULL;
	}
	if (self->offsets) {
		PyMem_Free((void *)self->offsets);
		self->offsets = NULL;
	}
	if (self->ntinitialized) {
		nt_dealloc(&self->nt);
	}
	self->ntinitialized = 0;
	Py_CLEAR(self->headrevs);
}

static PyObject *index_clearcaches(indexObject *self)
{
	_index_clearcaches(self);
	self->ntrev = -1;
	self->ntlookups = self->ntmisses = 0;
	Py_RETURN_NONE;
}

static void index_dealloc(indexObject *self)
{
	_index_clearcaches(self);
	Py_XDECREF(self->filteredrevs);
	if (self->buf.buf) {
		PyBuffer_Release(&self->buf);
		memset(&self->buf, 0, sizeof(self->buf));
	}
	Py_XDECREF(self->data);
	Py_XDECREF(self->added);
	PyObject_Del(self);
}

static PySequenceMethods index_sequence_methods = {
    (lenfunc)index_length,      /* sq_length */
    0,                          /* sq_concat */
    0,                          /* sq_repeat */
    (ssizeargfunc)index_get,    /* sq_item */
    0,                          /* sq_slice */
    0,                          /* sq_ass_item */
    0,                          /* sq_ass_slice */
    (objobjproc)index_contains, /* sq_contains */
};

static PyMappingMethods index_mapping_methods = {
    (lenfunc)index_length,                 /* mp_length */
    (binaryfunc)index_getitem,             /* mp_subscript */
    (objobjargproc)index_assign_subscript, /* mp_ass_subscript */
};

static PyMethodDef index_methods[] = {
    {"ancestors", (PyCFunction)index_ancestors, METH_VARARGS,
     "return the gca set of the given revs"},
    {"commonancestorsheads", (PyCFunction)index_commonancestorsheads,
     METH_VARARGS,
     "return the heads of the common ancestors of the given revs"},
    {"clearcaches", (PyCFunction)index_clearcaches, METH_NOARGS,
     "clear the index caches"},
    {"get", (PyCFunction)index_m_get, METH_VARARGS, "get an index entry"},
    {"get_rev", (PyCFunction)index_m_get, METH_VARARGS,
     "return `rev` associated with a node or None"},
    {"has_node", (PyCFunction)index_m_has_node, METH_O,
     "return True if the node exist in the index"},
    {"rev", (PyCFunction)index_m_rev, METH_O,
     "return `rev` associated with a node or raise RevlogError"},
    {"computephasesmapsets", (PyCFunction)compute_phases_map_sets, METH_VARARGS,
     "compute phases"},
    {"reachableroots2", (PyCFunction)reachableroots2, METH_VARARGS,
     "reachableroots"},
    {"headrevs", (PyCFunction)index_headrevs, METH_VARARGS,
     "get head revisions"}, /* Can do filtering since 3.2 */
    {"headrevsfiltered", (PyCFunction)index_headrevs, METH_VARARGS,
     "get filtered head revisions"}, /* Can always do filtering */
    {"issnapshot", (PyCFunction)index_issnapshot, METH_O,
     "True if the object is a snapshot"},
    {"findsnapshots", (PyCFunction)index_findsnapshots, METH_VARARGS,
     "Gather snapshot data in a cache dict"},
    {"deltachain", (PyCFunction)index_deltachain, METH_VARARGS,
     "determine revisions with deltas to reconstruct fulltext"},
    {"slicechunktodensity", (PyCFunction)index_slicechunktodensity,
     METH_VARARGS, "determine revisions with deltas to reconstruct fulltext"},
    {"append", (PyCFunction)index_append, METH_O, "append an index entry"},
    {"partialmatch", (PyCFunction)index_partialmatch, METH_VARARGS,
     "match a potentially ambiguous node ID"},
    {"shortest", (PyCFunction)index_shortest, METH_VARARGS,
     "find length of shortest hex nodeid of a binary ID"},
    {"stats", (PyCFunction)index_stats, METH_NOARGS, "stats for the index"},
    {NULL} /* Sentinel */
};

static PyGetSetDef index_getset[] = {
    {"nodemap", (getter)index_nodemap, NULL, "nodemap", NULL},
    {NULL} /* Sentinel */
};

PyTypeObject HgRevlogIndex_Type = {
    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0) /* header */
    "parsers.index",               /* tp_name */
    sizeof(indexObject),           /* tp_basicsize */
    0,                             /* tp_itemsize */
    (destructor)index_dealloc,     /* tp_dealloc */
    0,                             /* tp_print */
    0,                             /* tp_getattr */
    0,                             /* tp_setattr */
    0,                             /* tp_compare */
    0,                             /* tp_repr */
    0,                             /* tp_as_number */
    &index_sequence_methods,       /* tp_as_sequence */
    &index_mapping_methods,        /* tp_as_mapping */
    0,                             /* tp_hash */
    0,                             /* tp_call */
    0,                             /* tp_str */
    0,                             /* tp_getattro */
    0,                             /* tp_setattro */
    0,                             /* tp_as_buffer */
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,            /* tp_flags */
    "revlog index",                /* tp_doc */
    0,                             /* tp_traverse */
    0,                             /* tp_clear */
    0,                             /* tp_richcompare */
    0,                             /* tp_weaklistoffset */
    0,                             /* tp_iter */
    0,                             /* tp_iternext */
    index_methods,                 /* tp_methods */
    0,                             /* tp_members */
    index_getset,                  /* tp_getset */
    0,                             /* tp_base */
    0,                             /* tp_dict */
    0,                             /* tp_descr_get */
    0,                             /* tp_descr_set */
    0,                             /* tp_dictoffset */
    (initproc)index_init,          /* tp_init */
    0,                             /* tp_alloc */
};

/*
 * returns a tuple of the form (index, index, cache) with elements as
 * follows:
 *
 * index: an index object that lazily parses RevlogNG records
 * cache: if data is inlined, a tuple (0, index_file_content), else None
 *        index_file_content could be a string, or a buffer
 *
 * added complications are for backwards compatibility
 */
PyObject *parse_index2(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *tuple = NULL, *cache = NULL;
	indexObject *idx;
	int ret;

	idx = PyObject_New(indexObject, &HgRevlogIndex_Type);
	if (idx == NULL)
		goto bail;

	ret = index_init(idx, args);
	if (ret == -1)
		goto bail;

	if (idx->inlined) {
		cache = Py_BuildValue("iO", 0, idx->data);
		if (cache == NULL)
			goto bail;
	} else {
		cache = Py_None;
		Py_INCREF(cache);
	}

	tuple = Py_BuildValue("NN", idx, cache);
	if (!tuple)
		goto bail;
	return tuple;

bail:
	Py_XDECREF(idx);
	Py_XDECREF(cache);
	Py_XDECREF(tuple);
	return NULL;
}

#ifdef WITH_RUST

/* rustlazyancestors: iteration over ancestors implemented in Rust
 *
 * This class holds a reference to an index and to the Rust iterator.
 */
typedef struct rustlazyancestorsObjectStruct rustlazyancestorsObject;

struct rustlazyancestorsObjectStruct {
	PyObject_HEAD
	    /* Type-specific fields go here. */
	    indexObject *index; /* Ref kept to avoid GC'ing the index */
	void *iter;             /* Rust iterator */
};

/* FFI exposed from Rust code */
rustlazyancestorsObject *rustlazyancestors_init(indexObject *index,
                                                /* intrevs vector */
                                                Py_ssize_t initrevslen,
                                                long *initrevs, long stoprev,
                                                int inclusive);
void rustlazyancestors_drop(rustlazyancestorsObject *self);
int rustlazyancestors_next(rustlazyancestorsObject *self);
int rustlazyancestors_contains(rustlazyancestorsObject *self, long rev);

/* CPython instance methods */
static int rustla_init(rustlazyancestorsObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
	PyObject *initrevsarg = NULL;
	PyObject *inclusivearg = NULL;
	long stoprev = 0;
	long *initrevs = NULL;
	int inclusive = 0;
	Py_ssize_t i;

	indexObject *index;
	if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O!O!lO!", &HgRevlogIndex_Type, &index,
	                      &PyList_Type, &initrevsarg, &stoprev,
	                      &PyBool_Type, &inclusivearg))
		return -1;

	Py_INCREF(index);
	self->index = index;

	if (inclusivearg == Py_True)
		inclusive = 1;

	Py_ssize_t linit = PyList_GET_SIZE(initrevsarg);

	initrevs = (long *)calloc(linit, sizeof(long));

	if (initrevs == NULL) {
		PyErr_NoMemory();
		goto bail;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < linit; i++) {
		initrevs[i] = PyInt_AsLong(PyList_GET_ITEM(initrevsarg, i));
	}
	if (PyErr_Occurred())
		goto bail;

	self->iter =
	    rustlazyancestors_init(index, linit, initrevs, stoprev, inclusive);
	if (self->iter == NULL) {
		/* if this is because of GraphError::ParentOutOfRange
		 * HgRevlogIndex_GetParents() has already set the proper
		 * exception */
		goto bail;
	}

	free(initrevs);
	return 0;

bail:
	free(initrevs);
	return -1;
};

static void rustla_dealloc(rustlazyancestorsObject *self)
{
	Py_XDECREF(self->index);
	if (self->iter != NULL) { /* can happen if rustla_init failed */
		rustlazyancestors_drop(self->iter);
	}
	PyObject_Del(self);
}

static PyObject *rustla_next(rustlazyancestorsObject *self)
{
	int res = rustlazyancestors_next(self->iter);
	if (res == -1) {
		/* Setting an explicit exception seems unnecessary
		 * as examples from Python source code (Objects/rangeobjets.c
		 * and Modules/_io/stringio.c) seem to demonstrate.
		 */
		return NULL;
	}
	return PyInt_FromLong(res);
}

static int rustla_contains(rustlazyancestorsObject *self, PyObject *rev)
{
	long lrev;
	if (!pylong_to_long(rev, &lrev)) {
		PyErr_Clear();
		return 0;
	}
	return rustlazyancestors_contains(self->iter, lrev);
}

static PySequenceMethods rustla_sequence_methods = {
    0,                           /* sq_length */
    0,                           /* sq_concat */
    0,                           /* sq_repeat */
    0,                           /* sq_item */
    0,                           /* sq_slice */
    0,                           /* sq_ass_item */
    0,                           /* sq_ass_slice */
    (objobjproc)rustla_contains, /* sq_contains */
};

static PyTypeObject rustlazyancestorsType = {
    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)                  /* header */
    "parsers.rustlazyancestors",                    /* tp_name */
    sizeof(rustlazyancestorsObject),                /* tp_basicsize */
    0,                                              /* tp_itemsize */
    (destructor)rustla_dealloc,                     /* tp_dealloc */
    0,                                              /* tp_print */
    0,                                              /* tp_getattr */
    0,                                              /* tp_setattr */
    0,                                              /* tp_compare */
    0,                                              /* tp_repr */
    0,                                              /* tp_as_number */
    &rustla_sequence_methods,                       /* tp_as_sequence */
    0,                                              /* tp_as_mapping */
    0,                                              /* tp_hash */
    0,                                              /* tp_call */
    0,                                              /* tp_str */
    0,                                              /* tp_getattro */
    0,                                              /* tp_setattro */
    0,                                              /* tp_as_buffer */
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,                             /* tp_flags */
    "Iterator over ancestors, implemented in Rust", /* tp_doc */
    0,                                              /* tp_traverse */
    0,                                              /* tp_clear */
    0,                                              /* tp_richcompare */
    0,                                              /* tp_weaklistoffset */
    0,                                              /* tp_iter */
    (iternextfunc)rustla_next,                      /* tp_iternext */
    0,                                              /* tp_methods */
    0,                                              /* tp_members */
    0,                                              /* tp_getset */
    0,                                              /* tp_base */
    0,                                              /* tp_dict */
    0,                                              /* tp_descr_get */
    0,                                              /* tp_descr_set */
    0,                                              /* tp_dictoffset */
    (initproc)rustla_init,                          /* tp_init */
    0,                                              /* tp_alloc */
};
#endif /* WITH_RUST */

static Revlog_CAPI CAPI = {
    /* increment the abi_version field upon each change in the Revlog_CAPI
       struct or in the ABI of the listed functions */
    1,
    HgRevlogIndex_GetParents,
};

void revlog_module_init(PyObject *mod)
{
	PyObject *caps = NULL;
	HgRevlogIndex_Type.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew;
	if (PyType_Ready(&HgRevlogIndex_Type) < 0)
		return;
	Py_INCREF(&HgRevlogIndex_Type);
	PyModule_AddObject(mod, "index", (PyObject *)&HgRevlogIndex_Type);

	nodetreeType.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew;
	if (PyType_Ready(&nodetreeType) < 0)
		return;
	Py_INCREF(&nodetreeType);
	PyModule_AddObject(mod, "nodetree", (PyObject *)&nodetreeType);

	if (!nullentry) {
		nullentry =
		    Py_BuildValue(PY23("iiiiiiis#", "iiiiiiiy#"), 0, 0, 0, -1,
		                  -1, -1, -1, nullid, (Py_ssize_t)20);
	}
	if (nullentry)
		PyObject_GC_UnTrack(nullentry);

	caps = PyCapsule_New(&CAPI, "mercurial.cext.parsers.revlog_CAPI", NULL);
	if (caps != NULL)
		PyModule_AddObject(mod, "revlog_CAPI", caps);

#ifdef WITH_RUST
	rustlazyancestorsType.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew;
	if (PyType_Ready(&rustlazyancestorsType) < 0)
		return;
	Py_INCREF(&rustlazyancestorsType);
	PyModule_AddObject(mod, "rustlazyancestors",
	                   (PyObject *)&rustlazyancestorsType);
#endif
}